@article{doi101177000271621204000113, author = "True, Alfred Charles", title = "The United States Department of Agriculture", year = "1912", journal = "The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1177/000271621204000113", doi = "10.1177/000271621204000113", openalex = "W1987704812" } @article{doi101093genetics254401, author = "O'Mara, Joseph G.", title = "CYTOGENETIC STUDIES ON TRITICALE. I. A METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUAL SECALE CHROMOSOMES ON TRITICUM", year = "1940", journal = "Genetics", abstract = "H E production of fertile, true-breeding hybrids which combine the T characters of two different species or genera has proven to be of theoretical and practical importance. These hybrids have usually arisen through a doubling of the chromosome complement following the initial cross, this doubling resulting in the presence in the fertile hybrid of two full complements from each parent. Such plants are known as amphidiploids because the chromosome set of each of the two parents is present twice, or in the diploid condition. I t is possible, however, to combine characters of two species or genera by a method which involves the addition of one or more chromosomes from one species to the full diploid complement of the other species. When the chromosomes of one species have desirable and undesirable dominant characters distributed among the various chromosomes of the set, these characters are given to the second species without selection in the amphidiploid. If only the chromosomes with the desired dominant characters could be added to the chromosome complement of the second species, the value of the combination for theoretical and practical purposes would be greatly enhanced. Such combinations have been secured between Secale and Triticum, and the method by which they were obtained should be applicable to other genera where an amphidiploid is available.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/25.4.401", doi = "10.1093/genetics/25.4.401", openalex = "W2104731365", references = "doi101111j160152231939tb02704x" } @book{doi10103713268000, author = "Snedecor, George W.", title = "Statistical methods: Applied to experiments in agriculture and biology (4th ed.).", year = "1950", booktitle = "Iowa State University Press eBooks", url = "https://doi.org/10.1037/13268-000", doi = "10.1037/13268-000", openalex = "W2018695869" } @article{doi101007bf02861827, author = "O'Mara, Joseph G.", title = "The cytogenetics of Triticale", year = "1953", journal = "The Botanical Review", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02861827", doi = "10.1007/bf02861827", openalex = "W2086430416", references = "doi101111j160152231939tb02704x" } @article{doi1023072281404, author = "Brownlee, K. A. and Snedecor, George W. and Cochran, William G.", title = "Statistical Methods: Applied to Experiments in Agriculture and Biology.", year = "1957", journal = "Journal of the American Statistical Association", url = "https://doi.org/10.2307/2281404", doi = "10.2307/2281404", openalex = "W4247284050" } @article{doi101038227082a0, author = "Riley, Ralph and Miller, Toby", title = "Meiotic Chromosome Pairing in Triticale", year = "1970", journal = "Nature", url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/227082a0", doi = "10.1038/227082a0", openalex = "W2144986983" } @article{doi104141cjps70022, author = "Larter, E. N. and Shebeski, L. H. and McGinnis, R. C. and Evans, L. E. and Kultsikes, P. J.", title = "ROSNER, A HEXAPLOID TRITICALE CULTIVAR", year = "1970", journal = "Canadian Journal of Plant Science", abstract = "not available", url = "https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps70-022", doi = "10.4141/cjps70-022", openalex = "W2043046902" } @article{doi101098rspb19710065, author = "Bennett, M. D. and Chapman, Victor and Riley, Ralph", title = "The duration of meiosis in pollen mother cells of wheat, rye and Triticale", year = "1971", journal = "Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences", abstract = "Abstract The duration of meiosis and its stages at 20 °C has been determined in wheat (Triticum aestivum 2n = 6x = 42), in rye (Secale cereale 2n = 14) and in Triticale (2n = 8x = 56) by sampling methods and by timing the intervals between the pre-meiotic DNA synthesis and meiotic stages following the incorporation of tritiated thymidine. The results from all the methods used were in general agreement. Meiosis takes about 24 h in wheat, 21 h in Triticale and about 51 h in rye. The lengths of the meiotic stages relative to that of the division correspond reasonably well in the three forms studied but zygotene and pachytene were much longer in rye than in wheat and Triticale.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1971.0065", doi = "10.1098/rspb.1971.0065", openalex = "W2102431034" } @article{doi101007bf02895755, author = "Flannery, R. L.", title = "Micronutrients in agriculture", year = "1972", journal = "American Journal of Potato Research", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02895755", doi = "10.1007/bf02895755", openalex = "W184838382" } @article{doi101139g72062, author = "Quinones, M A and Larter, E. N. and Samborski, D. J.", title = "THE INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO PUCCINIA RECONDITA IN HEXAPLOID TRITICALE", year = "1972", journal = "Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology", abstract = "Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici, was studied in the hexaploid triticale cultivars 6A-190, Rosner, Armadillo, Bronco, and Toluca 160.Resistance in the triticales studied was monogenically inherited and each cultivar carried a single dominant gene. The genes conditioned resistance to races 15 and 30, and were designated genes A (6A-190), B (Rosner) C (Armadillo), D (Bronco), and E (Toluca 160). Gene A was linked in repulsion with gene C with a crossover value of 44.75 ± 1.44\% and segregated independently from the other genes. Genes B and C were also independently inherited. Gene B was not linked with genes C, D, and E but observed distorted ratios with genes D and E suggested the presence of a modifying gene or genes. A similar distorted ratio was observed between genes C and D. Gene C assorted independently from gene E. No recombinants were recovered from the cross between Bronco × Toluca 160 suggesting that genes D and E were allelic or closely linked. The parental triticale cultivars Bronco and Toluca 160 carrying the genes D and E, respectively, appeared to carry modifying genes which inhibited the expression of resistance in certain crosses.The result obtained indicated that the genes governing resistance were derived from the tetraploid wheat parental species and that resistance to wheat leaf rust carried by the rye parent was not expressed in the triticale amphiploid. It was also found that genes conditioning resistance to wheat leaf rust were equally effective in conditioning resistance to rye leaf rust.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/g72-062", doi = "10.1139/g72-062", openalex = "W1985461134" } @incollection{doi101016s0065211308608755, author = "Zillinsky, F.J.", title = "The Development of Triticale", year = "1974", booktitle = "Advances in agronomy", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60875-5", doi = "10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60875-5", openalex = "W2185569332", references = "doi101007bf00033587, doi10108003746607309469536, doi101093genetics254401, doi101098rspb19710065, doi101111j160152231939tb02704x, doi101126science1433603253, doi101139g71037, doi1023071219018, doi103382ps0501130, doi104141cjps70022" } @misc{hulse1974triticale1, author = "Hulse, J. H. and Spurgeon, D", title = "Triticale", year = "1974", howpublished = "Scientific American, v. 231, no. 2, p. 72-80", note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Hulse, J. H., and Spurgeon, D., 1974, Triticale: Scientific American, v. 231, no. 2, p. 72-80.}" } @article{doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x, author = "Darvey, Norman L. and Gustafson, J. P.", title = "Identification of Rye Chromosomes in Wheat‐rye Addition Lines and Triticale by Heterochromatin Bands 1", year = "1975", journal = "Crop Science", abstract = "The rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes of four series of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ‐ rye addition line were identified according to their heterochromatic banding patterns using Leishman staining. The characteristics of chromosomes 1R, 3R, 4R/7R, 5R, and 6R were relatively consistent from series to series, while 2R and 7R/4R varied considerably and were therefore difficult to classify. In some of the six triticales (✕ Triticosecale Wittmack) analyzed, certain rye chromosomes easily identified as 2R and 4R/7R, were absent.", url = "https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1975.0011183x001500020029x", doi = "10.2135/cropsci1975.0011183x001500020029x", openalex = "W2069158132" } @article{doi1023071219018, author = "Löve, Áskell and Tsen, C. C.", title = "Triticale: First Man-Made Cereal", year = "1975", journal = "Taxon", url = "https://doi.org/10.2307/1219018", doi = "10.2307/1219018", openalex = "W2013481719" } @incollection{doi10100797814615695033, author = "Gustafson, J. P.", title = "The Evolutionary Development of Triticale: The Wheat—Rye Hybrid", year = "1976", journal = "Evolutionary Biology", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6950-3\_3", doi = "10.1007/978-1-4615-6950-3\_3", openalex = "W142017403", references = "doi101007bf00320934, doi101016s0065211308608755, doi101038182713a0, doi101038hdy1960106, doi101086282975, doi101093oxfordjournalsjhereda104294, doi101098rspb19720042, doi101111j155856461962tb03197x, doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x, doi1023072257940, doi107312steb94536, openalexw49451050" } @article{doi102135cropsci19780011183x001800030017x, author = "Salmon, D. F. and Larter, E. N.", title = "Visual Selection as a Method for Improving Yield of Triticale 1", year = "1978", journal = "Crop Science", abstract = "In 1973 and 1974, lines from eight F 3 populations of hexaploid triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) were visually rated for yield by a group of selectors comprised of experienced (plant breeder), novice (graduate student), and inexperienced (summer student) workers. Each selector identified those lines which he predicted would yield as high or higher than the nearest check plot. The experienced selectors and most of the novice selectors identified a high number of the best lines in each population. Comparisons of selector efficiencies indicated that the experienced selectors were more able to identify high yielding lines than were the inexperienced selectors. In addition, the mean yield of the best 20 lines as identified by experienced selectors did not, in general, deviate significantly from the mean yield of those that yielded highest by actual measure. Visual evaluation may be a useful method for identifying high yielding lines of triticale.", url = "https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1978.0011183x001800030017x", doi = "10.2135/cropsci1978.0011183x001800030017x", openalex = "W1963796972" } @article{doi1010160309586x8090076x, author = "Biggs, Stephen", title = "On-farm research in an integrated agricultural technology development system: Case study of triticale for the Himalayan hills", year = "1980", journal = "Agricultural Administration", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-586x(80)90076-x", doi = "10.1016/0309-586x(80)90076-x", openalex = "W2020772094" } @article{doi101139g80001, author = "Lelley, T. and Larter, E. N.", title = "MEIOTIC REGULATION IN TRITICALE: INTERACTION OF THE RYE GENOTYPE AND SPECIFIC WHEAT CHROMOSOMES ON MEIOTIC PAIRING IN THE HYBRID", year = "1980", journal = "Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology", abstract = "The influence of parental genotype on the chromosomal pairing relationships within the wheat and rye genomes of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) was investigated. Nullisomic 3A/tetrasomic 3B and nullisomic 5B/tetrasomic 5D plants of the cultivar Chinese Sping wheat were pollinated with inbred strains of rye (Secale cereale L.), the latter being selected on the basis of their average chiasma frequency. The level of chiasma number in the F 1 hybrids was found to be influenced by the genotype of both the wheat and rye parents. Homeologous pairing was increased in the wheat × rye hybrids produced from inbred rye parents that exhibited high chiasma frequencies. However, this relationship was modified depending upon the genotype of the wheat parent. Increased dosage of chromosome 3B of wheat was found to increase chiasma frequency. These findings suggest that the genetic constitution of a rye parent and its specific combining ability with a certain wheat genotype markedly affects meiotic behavior of triticale.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/g80-001", doi = "10.1139/g80-001", openalex = "W2075776850", references = "doi101038227082a0, doi101038hdy195634, doi101111j160152231973tb01108x, doi101139g76059, doi101146annurevge10120176000335" } @article{openalexw1419377369, author = "Sandha, G. S. and Pannu, D. S. and Gill, K. S.", title = "The assessment of continuous variability for grain yield and other characters in triticale.", year = "1980", journal = "Cereal Research Communications", openalex = "W1419377369" } @article{openalexw3031389563, author = "Greppi, Edoardo", title = "FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)", year = "1981", openalex = "W3031389563" } @incollection{doi101016s0065266008603004, author = "Gupta, P. K. and Priyadarshan, P. M.", title = "Triticale: Present Status and Future Prospects", year = "1982", booktitle = "Advances in genetics", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2660(08)60300-4", doi = "10.1016/s0065-2660(08)60300-4", openalex = "W1412874826", references = "doi10100797814615695033, doi101007bf00485947, doi1010160092867480905292, doi101093oxfordjournalsjhereda104294, doi1010949781891127557, doi101098rspb19720042, doi101098rstb19760044, doi101126science1613841529, doi101139g80001, doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x, openalexw1539836938, openalexw1582603359, openalexw3147254908" } @article{doi101094phyto72683, author = "Cunfer, Barry M.", title = "Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens on Triticale and Other Small Grains", year = "1982", journal = "Phytopathology", url = "https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto-72-683", doi = "10.1094/phyto-72-683", openalex = "W2051346598" } @article{doi101007bf00292906, author = "Gustafson, J. P. and Lukaszewski, Adam J. and Bennett, M. D.", title = "Somatic deletion and redistribution of telomeric heterochromatin in the genus Secale and in Triticale", year = "1983", journal = "Chromosoma", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00292906", doi = "10.1007/bf00292906", openalex = "W1986203137", references = "doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x" } @article{doi101007bf00303771, author = "Lukaszewski, Adam J. and Gustafson, J. P.", title = "Translocations and modifications of chromosomes in triticale � wheat hybrids", year = "1983", journal = "Theoretical and Applied Genetics", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00303771", doi = "10.1007/bf00303771", openalex = "W2086359767", references = "doi101007bf00282571, doi101007bf00325789, doi101007bf00327398, doi101073pnas71104086, doi101139g66018, doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x, openalexw2561068922, openalexw2588440638, openalexw403234720, openalexw49451050" } @incollection{doi101016s0065211308604502, author = "Skovmand, B. and Fox, P. N. and Villareal, R. L.", title = "Triticale in Commercial Agriculture: Progress and Promise", year = "1984", booktitle = "Advances in agronomy", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60450-2", doi = "10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60450-2", openalex = "W1884725155", references = "doi10100797814615695033, doi101007bf00303771, doi101016s0065211308608755, doi101016s0065266008603004, doi101094phyto72683, doi101111j160152231939tb02704x, doi101139b80166, doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x, openalexw1602833279, openalexw645071194" } @incollection{skovmand1984triticale, author = "Skovmand, B. and Fox, P.N. and Villareal, R.L.", title = "Triticale in Commercial Agriculture: Progress and Promise", year = "1984", booktitle = "Advances in Agronomy", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60450-2", doi = "10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60450-2", openalex = "W1884725155", pages = "1-45", references = "doi10100797814615695033, doi101007bf00303771, doi101016s0065211308608755, doi101016s0065266008603004, doi101094phyto72683, doi101111j160152231939tb02704x, doi101139b80166, doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x, openalexw1602833279, openalexw645071194" } @article{doi101111j1439037x1987tb00113x, author = "Uprety, Dinesh Chandra and Sirohi, G. S.", title = "Comparative Study on the Effect of Water Stress on the Photosynthesis and Water Relations of Triticale, Rye and Wheat", year = "1987", journal = "Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science", abstract = "Abstract An attempt was made to investigate the effect of water stress treatment on the components of photosynthesis and water relations of triticale (Triticale octoploide), Russian rye (Secale cereale) and wheat, (Triticum aestivum var. Sonalika). The results revealed that there was no significant adverse effect of water stress on the photosynthesis of triticale compared to wheat and rye. The maintenance of photosynthetic productivity under water stress in triticale has been accomplished by (a) reduction in water loss by stomatal behaviour and (b) by maintenance of water uptake through continued transpirational flow. Both these mechanisms served to maintain high water potential as stress occures. This ameliorates the onset of stress and helps to maintain photosynthesis. The rye also consists of another type of adaptability to drought through significant recovery of photosynthesis and chlorophyll development on reirrigation particularly at post‐anthesis stage, when other species failed to recover. However, in wheat Sonalika both these adaptive characteristics did not exist in such intensity.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1987.tb00113.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1439-037x.1987.tb00113.x", openalex = "W2132230021", references = "doi1010160002157182900103, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi10103713268000, doi101071ar9790791, doi101071ar9791001, doi101071pp9800299, doi101111j139930541973tb08592x, doi101111j146981371950tb05146x, doi101139b79163, doi1023072281404, skovmand1984triticale" } @article{diry1988agriculture, author = "Diry, Jean-Paul", title = "Agriculture industrielle et agriculture industrialisée (Industrial agriculture and industrialized agriculture)", year = "1988", journal = "Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français", abstract = "Résumé. - De nombreuses exploitations agricoles sont aujourd'hui considérées comme «industrielles». L'article dénonce remploi abusif de ce qualificatif qui devrait être réservé à certains cas exceptionnels, et établit la distinction entre une agriculture «industrielle » (ayant les caractères de l'industrie) et une agriculture «industrialisée » (qui entretient des rapports étroits avec l'«amont» et l'«aval» industriel, mais reste d'essence familiale).", url = "https://doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1988.1426", doi = "10.3406/bagf.1988.1426", number = "2", openalex = "W2347030407", pages = "125-137", volume = "65" } @article{doi101038hdy1988103, author = "Fominaya, A. and Orellana, Juan", title = "Does differential C-heterochromatin content affect chromosome pairing in octoploid triticale?", year = "1988", journal = "Heredity", url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1988.103", doi = "10.1038/hdy.1988.103", openalex = "W2044902123", references = "doi101139g80001" } @article{doi101111j143905231988tb00252x, author = "Lukaszewski, Adam J.", title = "Chromosome Constitution of Hexaploid Triticale Lines in the Recent International Yield Trials*", year = "1988", journal = "Plant Breeding", abstract = "Abstract Lines of hexaploid triticale included in the 11th and 12th Eucarpia Triticale Yield Nurseries and the 18th and 19th International Triticale Yield Nurseries were karyotyped using C‐banding. A new chromosome substitution, 6D(6A), was identified in both spring and winter triticales. It is likely that the substitution first appeared in the progenies of octoploid × hexaploid triticale hybrids at CIMMYT and within a few years spread to about one‐fourth of spring materials. The 2D(2R) substitution appeared in winter triticales, probably by introgression from spring lines from CIMMYT.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1988.tb00252.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1439-0523.1988.tb00252.x", openalex = "W2071814304" } @article{doi101007bf00023304, author = "Wallwork, H.", title = "Screening for resistance to take-all in wheat, triticale and wheat-triticale hybrid lines", year = "1989", journal = "Euphytica", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00023304", doi = "10.1007/bf00023304", openalex = "W131864943" } @article{doi101111j146795231989tb00360x, author = "FRIEDMA, HARRIET and McMichael, Philip", title = "AGRICULTURE AND THE STATE SYSTEM: The rise and decline of national agricultures, 1870 to the present", year = "1989", journal = "Sociologia Ruralis", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.1989.tb00360.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1467-9523.1989.tb00360.x", openalex = "W2065626875" } @article{openalexw216832656, author = "Ruskin, F. R.", title = "Triticale: a promising addition to the world's cereal grains.", year = "1989", openalex = "W216832656" } @article{openalexw2474710302, author = "Lelley, T. and Gimbel, E.-M.", title = {"Genome combining ability" of wheat and rye in triticale.}, year = "1989", journal = "Plant Breeding", abstract = "(...) While the average fertility of euploids over all genotypes was better than that of all plants, no correlation between aneuploid frequency and fertility was found when these two characters were compared for each genotype separately. (...) While floret fertility is influenced by both additive and non-additive gene actions, thousand kernel weight is mainly controlled by non-additive gene actions. It is concluded that preselection of the parental wheat genotype would have a definite effect on plant height and a limited effect on the other characters studied except thousand kernel weight. No such is expected from a preselection of the rye genotype", openalex = "W2474710302" } @article{doi101007bf00040364, author = "Fox, P. N. and Skovmand, B. and Thompson, B. K. and Braun, Hans‐Joachim and Cormier, Rachael", title = "Yield and adaptation of hexaploid spring triticale", year = "1990", journal = "Euphytica", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00040364", doi = "10.1007/bf00040364", openalex = "W2033983957", references = "doi101007bf00039203, doi1010160378429085901170, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi101016s0065211308608755, doi101038hdy197684, doi101071ar9630742, doi10108001621459195510501294, doi101111j143905231988tb00252x, doi104141cjps88018, openalexw205556007, skovmand1984triticale" } @article{doi101007bf00228683, author = "Oettler, G. and Wehmann, F. and Utz, H. Friedrich", title = "Influence of wheat and rye parents on agronomic characters in primary hexaploid and octoploid triticale", year = "1991", journal = "Theoretical and Applied Genetics", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00228683", doi = "10.1007/bf00228683", openalex = "W2086004256", references = "doi101007bf00024807, doi102135cropsci19780011183x001800030017x, doi1023073001853, doi1023074615733, openalexw1419377369, openalexw2474710302" } @article{doi101002jsfa2740600413, author = "Peña, Roberto J. and Amaya, Arnoldo", title = "Milling and breadmaking properties of wheat—triticale grain blends", year = "1992", journal = "Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture", abstract = "Abstract The milling and baking performances of wheat (Triticum aestivum L)/triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) grain blends (W /TCL‐GB), with 25 or 50\% triticale in the blend, were determined and compared with those of the two wheat and the two tritcale composite samples included in the W /TCL‐GB. The milling performance of the W /TCL‐GB resembled the wheat more than the triticale samples; therefore, the wheat/triticale co‐milling practice appears to be a good procedure to improve the milling performance of triticale. Bread loaf volume values for the W /TCL‐GB flours were significantly higher (at 5\% level) than those of the two triticales. When wheat of good breadmaking quality was used in the W /TCL‐GB, up to 50\% triticale could be substituted for wheat in the GB to produce flours with acceptable breadmaking quality.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740600413", doi = "10.1002/jsfa.2740600413", openalex = "W2030896833" } @article{doi101111j143905231992tb00144x, author = "Lelley, T.", title = "Triticale, Still a Promise?", year = "1992", journal = "Plant Breeding", abstract = "Abstract Experiments with primary triticale genotypes produced from defined wheat and rye parents provide a strong indication of a preponderance of specific genome combining ability in the phenotypic expression of triticale. Studying line families developed from specific cross combinations by means of the single seed descent method revealed that, in contrast to wheat, the distribution of genotypes in an F 2 population of triticale is strongly skewed, with the majority of them being inferior to the mid‐parent value. This is the case even if recombination is restricted to one fourth of one of the parental components of triticale, i.e. wheat or rye. Correlations of yield components were found to deviate substantially from known types of correlations in wheat, an established natural allopolyploid species. These findings give a strong indication for a genomic inbalance in triticale being a major cause for slow advance in varietal improvement. New breeding strategies designed for the specific genetic structure of triticale are necessary to accelerate breeding progress and to help triticale ultimately to live up to its promise.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1992.tb00144.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1439-0523.1992.tb00144.x", openalex = "W2032069318", references = "doi10100797814615695033, doi101007bf00228683, doi1010160378429083900266, doi101016s0065211308608755, doi101016s0065266008603004, doi101038hdy196134, doi101111j160152231939tb02704x, doi102134agronj194200021962003400100008x, openalexw216832656, skovmand1984triticale" } @article{doi101016037842909390161f, author = "Giunta, Francesco and Motzo, Rosella and Deidda, M.", title = "Effect of drought on yield and yield components of durum wheat and triticale in a Mediterranean environment", year = "1993", journal = "Field Crops Research", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(93)90161-f", doi = "10.1016/0378-4290(93)90161-f", openalex = "W2047096335", references = "doi101007bf02180051, doi101016b9780124095489051290, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi101038270431a0, doi101038285655a0, doi101071ar9780897, doi101071ar9791001, doi101093oxfordjournalsaoba086170, doi101093oxfordjournalsaoba086310, doi1010970001069419410500000005, openalexw612729420, skovmand1984triticale" } @article{doi101007bf01552727, author = "Cuadrado, Ángeles and Jouve, N.", title = "Mapping and organization of highly-repeated DNA sequences by means of simultaneous and sequential FISH and C-banding in 6�-triticale", year = "1994", journal = "Chromosome Research", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01552727", doi = "10.1007/bf01552727", openalex = "W2068588599", references = "doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x" } @book{openalexw2144011817, author = "Altieri, Miguel A.", title = "Agroecology: The Science Of Sustainable Agriculture, Second Edition", year = "1995", journal = "Medical Entomology and Zoology", abstract = "Based on new research results and practical findings, this revised edition text re-emphasizes the importance of agroecology as the discipline that provides the basic ecological principles for how to study, design and manage agroecosystems that are both productive and natural resource conserving, and are also culturally-sensitive, socially-just and economically viable. Agroecology goes beyond a one-dimensional view of agroecosystems - to embrace an understanding of ecological and social levels of coevolution, structure and function. However, ecological health is not the only goal of agroecology. In fact sustainability is not possible without preserving the cultural diversity that nurtures local agricultures. Stable production can only take place within the context of a social organization that protects the integrity of natural resources and nurtures the harmonious interaction of humans, the agroecosystem and the environment. The second edition incorporates new insights and concepts in the hope of helping guide agricultural students, researchers and practitioners to a deeper understanding of the ecology of agricultural systems that should open the doors to new management options more in tune with the objectives of a truly sustainable agriculture.", openalex = "W2144011817" } @incollection{doi10100797894009032964, author = "Schlegel, R.", title = "Triticale — Today and Tomorrow", year = "1996", booktitle = "Developments in plant breeding", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0329-6\_4", doi = "10.1007/978-94-009-0329-6\_4", openalex = "W1505336268", references = "doi101007978940172496832, doi101007bf00011072, doi101007bf00023076, doi101007bf00040364, doi101007bf00228683, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi101111j143905231992tb00144x, doi101111j160152231939tb02704x, doi101139g80001, openalexw1602757651, skovmand1984triticale" } @incollection{doi101007978940090329656, author = "Koebner, R. M. D. and Martin, P. K.", title = "High Levels of Salt Tolerance Revealed in Triticale", year = "1996", booktitle = "Developments in plant breeding", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0329-6\_56", doi = "10.1007/978-94-009-0329-6\_56", openalex = "W1928381727" } @article{openalexw2469081493, author = "Varughese, George and Pfeiffer, W. H. and Peña, R. J.", title = "Triticale: A successful alternative crop (Part 2)", year = "1996", journal = "Cereal Foods World", openalex = "W2469081493" } @book{openalexw624256473, author = "Byuro, Bangladesh. Parisaṃkhyāna", title = "Agriculture sample survey, 1997", year = "1999", journal = "Medical Entomology and Zoology", openalex = "W624256473" } @article{doi101016s0168945299001697, author = "Immonen, Sirkka and Robinson, Jonathan", title = "Stress treatments and ficoll for improving green plant regeneration in triticale anther culture", year = "2000", journal = "Plant Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9452(99)00169-7", doi = "10.1016/s0168-9452(99)00169-7", openalex = "W2128994422", references = "doi10100797894009032964" } @article{doi101023a1006416116366, author = "Pauk, János and Puolimatka, Matti and Tóth, K. Lőkös and Monostori, Tamás", title = "In vitro androgenesis of triticale in isolated microspore culture", year = "2000", journal = "Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC)", url = "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006416116366", doi = "10.1023/a:1006416116366", openalex = "W1592040841", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{doi101023a1012471516488, author = "Singh, Bhupinder and Singh, B.K.", title = "Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Content and Activity in Wheat, Rye and Triticale", year = "2001", journal = "Biologia Plantarum", abstract = "Photosynthetic parameters were measured in triticale and its parents wheat and rye. Soluble protein content in leaves, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) content per fresh mass, total chlorophyll content, biomass yield, leaf area, leaf mass and specific leaf mass were higher but Rubisco content expressed as percentage of soluble protein, carboxylase activity, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were significantly lower in rye than in wheat. Native-PAGE of Rubisco revealed that rye carboxylase was different from that of wheat. The difference was not related to either the small or large subunit of Rubisco but, may be, to the ionic and/or other properties of the Rubisco protein moiety. Triticale Rubisco was similar to wheat. For most of the studied physiological parameters, triticale showed much more similarity with wheat than with rye.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1012471516488", doi = "10.1023/a:1012471516488", openalex = "W34541890", references = "doi101111j1439037x1987tb00113x" } @article{openalexw198794361, author = "Fischer, Gernot Franz and Shah, M. Mostafizur Rahman and van Velthuizen, H.T. and Nachtergaele, Freddy", title = "Global Agro-ecological Assessment for Agriculture in the 21st Century", year = "2001", journal = "IIASA PURE (International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis)", abstract = "In recent years the ability to collect spatial information from volunteers has greatly expanded through the combination of Google Earth, geo-tagged photos and the Internet. A Geo-Wiki has been created to aid in both the validation of existing spatial information and the collection of new information through the powerful resource of crowdsourcing. A case study of a land cover validation Geo-Wiki is described, in which the tool is used to validate existing global land cover products. The potential of such a tool for other applications is also recognized.", openalex = "W198794361" } @article{doi101016s0034425702000184, author = "Haboudane, D. and Miller, John R. and Tremblay, Nicolas and Zarco‐Tejada, Pablo J. and Dextraze, L.", title = "Integrated narrow-band vegetation indices for prediction of crop chlorophyll content for application to precision agriculture", year = "2002", journal = "Remote Sensing of Environment", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0034-4257(02)00018-4", doi = "10.1016/s0034-4257(02)00018-4", openalex = "W2163410149" } @article{doi101046j13653180200200277x, author = "Bàrberi, Paolo", title = "Weed management in organic agriculture: are we addressing the right issues?", year = "2002", journal = "Weed Research", abstract = "Summary Despite the serious threat which weeds offer to organic crop production, relatively little attention has so far been paid to research on weed management in organic agriculture, an issue that is often approached from a reductionist perspective. This paper aims to outline why and how this problem should instead be tackled from a system perspective. Compared with conventional agriculture, in organic agriculture the effects of cultural practices (e.g. fertilization and direct weed control) on crop:weed interactions usually manifest themselves more slowly. It follows that weed management should be tackled in an extended time domain and needs deep integration with the other cultural practices, aiming to optimize the whole cropping system rather than weed control per se. In this respect, cover crop management is an important issue because of its implications for soil, nutrient, pest and weed management. It is stressed that direct (physical) weed control can only be successful where preventive and cultural weed management is applied to reduce weed emergence (e.g. through appropriate choice of crop sequence, tillage, smother/cover crops) and improve crop competitive ability (e.g. through appropriate choice of crop genotype, sowing/planting pattern and fertilization strategy). Two examples of system‐oriented weed management systems designed for organic agriculture are illustrated as well as future perspectives and problems.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.2002.00277.x", doi = "10.1046/j.1365-3180.2002.00277.x", openalex = "W2022246075", references = "doi101007bf02857949, doi101017s0890037x00032371" } @article{openalexw1727080593, author = "Myer, R. O. and Arseniuk, E. and ́ski, R. Osin", title = "Triticale grain in young pig diets.", year = "2002", openalex = "W1727080593" } @article{doi101007s0012200315325, author = "Kuleung, Chatuporn and Baenziger, P. Stephen and Dweikat, Ismail", title = "Transferability of SSR markers among wheat, rye, and triticale", year = "2003", journal = "Theoretical and Applied Genetics", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-003-1532-5", doi = "10.1007/s00122-003-1532-5", openalex = "W2054099690" } @article{doi1010780176161700963, author = "Morant-Manceau, Annick and Pradier, Elisabeth and Tremblin, Gérard", title = "Osmotic adjustment, gas exchanges and chlorophyll fluorescence of a hexaploid triticale and its parental species under salt stress", year = "2004", journal = "Journal of Plant Physiology", url = "https://doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-00963", doi = "10.1078/0176-1617-00963", openalex = "W2169119200", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{doi101139g04051, author = "Ma, Xuefeng and Peng, Fang and Gustafson, J. P.", title = "Polyploidization-induced genome variation in triticale", year = "2004", journal = "Genome", abstract = "Polyploidization-induced genome variation in triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) was investigated using both AFLP and RFLP analyses. The AFLP analyses were implemented with both EcoRI-MseI (E-M) and PstI-MseI (P-M) primer combinations, which, because of their relative differences in sensitivity to cytosine methylation, primarily amplify repetitive and low-copy sequences, respectively. The results showed that the genomic sequences in triticale involved a great degree of variation including both repetitive and low-copy sequences. The frequency of losing parental bands was much higher than the frequency of gaining novel bands, suggesting that sequence elimination might be a major force causing genome variation in triticale. In all cases, variation in E-M primer-amplified parental bands was more frequent in triticale than that using P-M primers, suggesting that repetitive sequences were more involved in variation than low-copy sequences. The data also showed that the wheat (Triticum spp.) genomes were relatively highly conserved in triticales, especially in octoploid triticales, whereas the rye (Secale cereale L.) genome consistently demonstrated a very high level of genomic sequence variation (68\%-72\%) regardless of the triticale ploidy levels or primers used. In addition, when a parental AFLP band was present in both wheat and rye, the tendency of the AFLP band to be present in triticale was much higher than when it was present in only one of the progenitors. Furthermore, the cDNA-probed RFLP analyses showed that over 97\% of the wheat coding sequences were maintained in triticale, whereas only about 61.6\% of the rye coding sequences were maintained, suggesting that the rye genome variation in triticale also involved a high degree of rye coding sequence changes. The data also suggested that concerted evolution might occur in the genomic sequences of triticale. In addition, the observed genome variation in wheat-rye addition lines was similar to that in triticale, suggesting that wheat-rye addition lines can be used to thoroughly study the genome evolution of polyploid triticale.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/g04-051", doi = "10.1139/g04-051", openalex = "W2125890103", references = "doi10100797814615695033" } @article{openalexw2063849688, author = "Tyrka, Mirosław and Chełkowski, J.", title = "Enhancing the resistance of triticale by using genes from wheat and rye.", year = "2004", journal = "PubMed", abstract = "At present two separate nomenclature systems exist for wheat and rye. This paper provides a proposed common catalogue of wheat, rye and triticale resistance gene symbols. More than 130 postulated wheat resistance genes are listed. Over 39 rye and 6 triticale resistance (R) genes have been identified and named. Genes responsible for reaction to powdery mildew and to leaf, stem and yellow rusts are the best-represented group of resistance genes. From the common catalogue it can be concluded that there exists a potential for further transfer of rye resistance genes to wheat and triticale. Many molecular markers can be applied for marker-assisted gene transfer, but the expression of the R genes in the new genetic background of triticale remains to be investigated.", openalex = "W2063849688", references = "doi101007bf00035277, doi101007bf00224219, doi101007s0012200208793, doi101007s001220051061, doi101007s001220051701, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi101094phyto2003932153, doi102135cropsci19900011183x003000050041x, openalexw49451050, openalexw620898706, openalexw88116606, skovmand1984triticale" } @book{openalexw603407191, author = "Mergoum, Mohamed and Macpherson, H. Gómez", title = "Triticale improvement and production", year = "2004", booktitle = "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations eBooks", abstract = "Triticale, the first successful human-made cereal grain, was deliberately produced in 1875 by crossing wheat with rye. Since then, the evolution of this crop has been the topic of keen interest for many plant scientists. This book presents updated information on various aspects of triticale production, improvement, uses and marketing strategies in the world. It also includes 13 country reports about triticale production and research status. In spite of the recent origin of this new crop and the limited research dedicated to its development, triticale inspires special attraction because of its good performance in stress environments and its diversified uses. Further research and commitment is needed to continue its progress and increase its adaptation to different environments. The present publication is part of this effort.", openalex = "W603407191" } @article{doi101016jagee200508003, author = "Lewandowski, Iris and Schmidt, Ulrich", title = "Nitrogen, energy and land use efficiencies of miscanthus, reed canary grass and triticale as determined by the boundary line approach", year = "2005", journal = "Agriculture Ecosystems \& Environment", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.08.003", doi = "10.1016/j.agee.2005.08.003", openalex = "W2037799228", references = "doi101016b9780124735422x50007, doi101016jbiombioe200504002, doi101016s0961953400000325, doi101016s0961953402001903, doi101016s0961953403000308, doi101016s1161030196020448, doi101016s1161030198000197, doi10108000221589197211514472, doi101126science1824111443, doi1023072260650" } @article{doi101017s0021859605005290, author = "Oettler, G.", title = "The fortune of a botanical curiosity – Triticale: past, present and future", year = "2005", journal = "The Journal of Agricultural Science", abstract = "Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is the intergeneric hybrid between the female parent wheat (Triticum ssp.) and the male parent rye (Secale ssp.). The early work identifying and then producing primary and secondary triticales is described. Early wheat–rye hybrids were characterized by reproductive disorders and the cytology and meiotic characteristics have received much attention. Chromosome constitution has been studied particularly in relation to R-D substitution. Triticale has always been bred as a self-pollinating crop, although outcrossing can occur, and current cultivars are all nearly homozygous and homogeneous lines. Hybrid breeding (using cytoplasmic male sterility) makes the optimum exploitation of heterosis possible and, with the aid of molecular markers, triticale germplasm is presently being investigated to establish genetically diverse heterotic groups. The first released spring and winter cultivars were generally characterized by good disease resistance, but low grain yield, shrivelled grain, high protein content, excessive height, lodging and preharvest sprouting. Breeding effort has increased yield, reduced shrivelling and improved test weight but at the expense of protein content, which is now comparable to wheat and rye. Plant height and lodging are also now comparable to wheat and rye. Progress in reducing preharvest sprouting by genetic selection is proving difficult and slow. Triticale may be suitable for grain production and for dual purpose usage for forage and grain. The role of biotechnology in triticale improvement is described. The future of the crop, especially in low-input systems, and as raw material for industrial uses is considered.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859605005290", doi = "10.1017/s0021859605005290", openalex = "W1988396867" } @article{doi101098rstb20051744, author = "Fischer, Günther and Shah, Mahendra and Tubiello, Francesco N. and van Velhuizen, Harrij", title = "Socio-economic and climate change impacts on agriculture: an integrated assessment, 1990–2080", year = "2005", journal = "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences", abstract = "A comprehensive assessment of the impacts of climate change on agro-ecosystems over this century is developed, up to 2080 and at a global level, albeit with significant regional detail. To this end an integrated ecological-economic modelling framework is employed, encompassing climate scenarios, agro-ecological zoning information, socio-economic drivers, as well as world food trade dynamics. Specifically, global simulations are performed using the FAO/IIASA agro-ecological zone model, in conjunction with IIASAs global food system model, using climate variables from five different general circulation models, under four different socio-economic scenarios from the intergovernmental panel on climate change. First, impacts of different scenarios of climate change on bio-physical soil and crop growth determinants of yield are evaluated on a 5' X 5' latitude/longitude global grid; second, the extent of potential agricultural land and related potential crop production is computed. The detailed bio-physical results are then fed into an economic analysis, to assess how climate impacts may interact with alternative development pathways, and key trends expected over this century for food demand and production, and trade, as well as key composite indices such as risk of hunger and malnutrition, are computed. This modelling approach connects the relevant bio-physical and socio-economic variables within a unified and coherent framework to produce a global assessment of food production and security under climate change. The results from the study suggest that critical impact asymmetries due to both climate and socio-economic structures may deepen current production and consumption gaps between developed and developing world; it is suggested that adaptation of agricultural techniques will be central to limit potential damages under climate change.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1744", doi = "10.1098/rstb.2005.1744", openalex = "W2097428353" } @article{doi101111j13652664200501005x, author = "Bengtsson, Janne and Ahnström, Johan and Weibull, Ann‐Christin", title = "The effects of organic agriculture on biodiversity and abundance: a meta‐analysis", year = "2005", journal = "Journal of Applied Ecology", abstract = "Summary The efficiency of agricultural subsidy programmes for preserving biodiversity and improving the environment has been questioned in recent years. Organic farming operates without pesticides, herbicides and inorganic fertilizers, and usually with a more diverse crop rotation. It has been suggested that this system enhances biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. We analysed the effects of organic farming on species richness and abundance using meta‐analysis of literature published before December 2002. Organic farming usually increases species richness, having on average 30\% higher species richness than conventional farming systems. However, the results were variable among studies, and 16\% of them actually showed a negative effect of organic farming on species richness. We therefore divided the data into different organism groups and according to the spatial scale of the study. Birds, insects and plants usually showed an increased species richness in organic farming systems. However, the number of studies was low in most organism groups (range 2–19) and there was significant heterogeneity between studies. The effect of organic farming was largest in studies performed at the plot scale. In studies at the farm scale, when organic and conventional farms were matched according to landscape structure, the effect was significant but highly heterogeneous. On average, organisms were 50\% more abundant in organic farming systems, but the results were highly variable between studies and organism groups. Birds, predatory insects, soil organisms and plants responded positively to organic farming, while non‐predatory insects and pests did not. The positive effects of organic farming on abundance were prominent at the plot and field scales, but not for farms in matched landscapes. Synthesis and applications. Our results show that organic farming often has positive effects on species richness and abundance, but that its effects are likely to differ between organism groups and landscapes. We suggest that positive effects of organic farming on species richness can be expected in intensively managed agricultural landscapes, but not in small‐scale landscapes comprising many other biotopes as well as agricultural fields. Measures to preserve and enhance biodiversity should be more landscape‐ and farm‐specific than is presently the case.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01005.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01005.x", openalex = "W2132879315" } @article{doi101111j14390523200401059x, author = "Pratap, Aditya and Sethi, G. S. and Chaudhary, H. K.", title = "Relative efficiency of different Gramineae genera for haploid induction in triticale and triticale x wheat hybrids through the chromosome elimination technique", year = "2005", journal = "Plant Breeding", abstract = "The study was undertaken to evaluate the relative efficiency of different Gramineae genera for haploid induction in triticale (x Triticosecale) and triticale × wheat (Triticum aestivum) hybrids through the chromosome elimination (wheat × maize, Zea mays) system. Eight intergenotypic triticale and 15 triticale x wheat crosses were subjected to hybridization with nine different Gramineae genera viz., Z. mays, Sorghum bicolor, Pennisetum americanum, Setaria italica, Festuca arundinacea, Imperata cylindrica, Cynodon dactylon, Lolium temulentum and Phalaris minor in two separate experiments. This was followed by in vivo auxin treatment of the crossed spikes and subsequent rescue of the haploid embryos to regenerate green haploid plantlets. All the triticale and triticale x wheat crosses resulted in seed set in variable frequencies when hybridized with maize, I. cylindrica, pearl millet and sorghum. Seed set was also obtained with S. italica, F. arundinacea and P. minor in a few crosses in both groups. In general, all the triticale x wheat crosses, except for one in each case, resulted in embryo formation and green haploid plantlet regeneration when hybridizations were carried out with maize and I. cylindrica. However, the latter outperformed the former in embryo formation (25.48\% vs. 20.0\%) and regeneration (34.17\% vs. 15.10\%) frequencies, the differences being significant for regeneration frequencies. In the case of triticale hybrids, no significant differences between maize and I. cylindrica were observed for the three parameters of haploid induction. Embryo formation and regeneration were also observed in some of the triticale as well as triticale × wheat F1 hybrids when hybridized with sorghum and pearl millet.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01059.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01059.x", openalex = "W2162358543" } @article{doi101007bf03194625, author = "Barnett, R. D. and Blount, Ann R. and Pfahler, P. L. and Bruckner, P. L. and Wesenberg, D. M. and Johnson, J. W.", title = "Environmental stability and heritability estimates for grain yield and test weight in triticale", year = "2006", journal = "Journal of Applied Genetics", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03194625", doi = "10.1007/bf03194625", openalex = "W1986796670", references = "doi101016s0065266008603004" } @article{doi101016jcarbpol200604013, author = "Ao, Zihua and Jane, Jay‐lin", title = "Characterization and modeling of the A- and B-granule starches of wheat, triticale, and barley", year = "2006", journal = "Carbohydrate Polymers", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.04.013", doi = "10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.04.013", openalex = "W2011581616" } @incollection{doi1012019780203489260ch13, author = "Lelley, T.", title = "Triticale", year = "2006", booktitle = "Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement series", url = "https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203489260.ch13", doi = "10.1201/9780203489260.ch13", openalex = "W2494073187", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{doi101016jmeatsci200612002, author = "Sullivan, Zebblin M. and Honeyman, Mark S. and Gibson, Lance R. and Prusa, Ken", title = "Effects of triticale-based diets on finishing pig performance and pork quality in deep-bedded hoop barns", year = "2007", journal = "Meat Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.12.002", doi = "10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.12.002", openalex = "W2075921354", references = "doi101016s0021925818648495, doi101021ac50052a726, doi101722619882, doi10172266016, doi102527199068124421x, doi102527200179112835x, doi1025272002803617x, doi10252720028071781x, doi1025272004821209x, doi10252720048241206x" } @article{doi101017s1742170507001640, author = "Badgley, Catherine and Moghtader, Jeremy and Quintero, Eileen and Zakem, Emily J. and Chappell, M. Jahi and Avilés-Vázquez, Katia Raquel and Samulon, A. S. and Perfecto, Ivette", title = "Organic agriculture and the global food supply", year = "2007", journal = "Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems", abstract = "Abstract The principal objections to the proposition that organic agriculture can contribute significantly to the global food supply are low yields and insufficient quantities of organically acceptable fertilizers. We evaluated the universality of both claims. For the first claim, we compared yields of organic versus conventional or low-intensive food production for a global dataset of 293 examples and estimated the average yield ratio (organic:non-organic) of different food categories for the developed and the developing world. For most food categories, the average yield ratio was slightly 1.0 for studies in the developing world. With the average yield ratios, we modeled the global food supply that could be grown organically on the current agricultural land base. Model estimates indicate that organic methods could produce enough food on a global per capita basis to sustain the current human population, and potentially an even larger population, without increasing the agricultural land base. We also evaluated the amount of nitrogen potentially available from fixation by leguminous cover crops used as fertilizer. Data from temperate and tropical agroecosystems suggest that leguminous cover crops could fix enough nitrogen to replace the amount of synthetic fertilizer currently in use. These results indicate that organic agriculture has the potential to contribute quite substantially to the global food supply, while reducing the detrimental environmental impacts of conventional agriculture. Evaluation and review of this paper have raised important issues about crop rotations under organic versus conventional agriculture and the reliability of grey-literature sources. An ongoing dialogue on these subjects can be found in the Forum editorial of this issue.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742170507001640", doi = "10.1017/s1742170507001640", openalex = "W2122411809" } @article{doi101051ebr2007046, author = "Hills, Melissa J. and Hall, Linda M. and Messenger, Doug F. and Graf, R. J. and Beres, Brian L. and Eudes, François", title = "Evaluation of crossability between triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) and common wheat, durum wheat and rye", year = "2007", journal = "Environmental Biosafety Research", abstract = "Development of transgenic triticale as a platform for novel bio-industrial products is predicated on an environmental biosafety assessment that quantifies the potential risks associated with its release. Pollen-mediated gene flow to related species and conventional triticale varieties is one pathway for transgene movement. A tier 1 quantification of triticale hybridization was conducted by emasculating and hand pollinating flowers under greenhouse conditions. Approximately 2000 manual pollinations were conducted for each cross and its reciprocal between two triticale genotypes: a modern triticale cultivar (AC Alta) and primary triticale (89TT108), and common wheat, durum wheat and rye. The frequency of outcrossing, hybrid seed appearance and weight, and F(1) emergence and fertility were recorded. Outcrossing, F(1) emergence and fertility rates were high from crosses between triticale genotypes. Outcrossing in inter-specific crosses was influenced by the species, and the genotype and gender of the triticale parent. In crosses to common and durum wheat where triticale was the male parent, outcrossing was > or =73.0\% and > or =69.5\%, respectively, but < or =23.9\% and < or =3.0\% when triticale was the female parent. Overall, outcrossing with rye was lower than with common and durum wheat. F(1) hybrid emergence was greater when triticale was the female parent. With the exception of a single seed, all wheat-triticale F(1) hybrid seeds were non-viable when triticale was the male parent in the cross. Only seven durum wheat-triticale F(1) hybrids emerged from 163 seeds sown, and all were produced with triticale 89TT108 as female parent. With rye, 8 F(1) hybrids emerged from 38 seeds sown, and all were produced from crosses to AC Alta; five with AC Alta as the female parent and three as the male. Interspecific F(1) hybrids were self-sterile, with the exception of those produced in crosses between common wheat and triticale where triticale was the female parent. Tier 2 hybridization quantification will be conducted under field conditions.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1051/ebr:2007046", doi = "10.1051/ebr:2007046", openalex = "W2086008688", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{doi101073pnas0701890104, author = "Howden, Mark and Soussana, Jean‐François and Tubiello, Francesco N. and Chhetri, Netra and Dunlop, Michael and Meinke, Holger", title = "Adapting agriculture to climate change", year = "2007", journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", abstract = "The strong trends in climate change already evident, the likelihood of further changes occurring, and the increasing scale of potential climate impacts give urgency to addressing agricultural adaptation more coherently. There are many potential adaptation options available for marginal change of existing agricultural systems, often variations of existing climate risk management. We show that implementation of these options is likely to have substantial benefits under moderate climate change for some cropping systems. However, there are limits to their effectiveness under more severe climate changes. Hence, more systemic changes in resource allocation need to be considered, such as targeted diversification of production systems and livelihoods. We argue that achieving increased adaptation action will necessitate integration of climate change-related issues with other risk factors, such as climate variability and market risk, and with other policy domains, such as sustainable development. Dealing with the many barriers to effective adaptation will require a comprehensive and dynamic policy approach covering a range of scales and issues, for example, from the understanding by farmers of change in risk profiles to the establishment of efficient markets that facilitate response strategies. Science, too, has to adapt. Multidisciplinary problems require multidisciplinary solutions, i.e., a focus on integrated rather than disciplinary science and a strengthening of the interface with decision makers. A crucial component of this approach is the implementation of adaptation assessment frameworks that are relevant, robust, and easily operated by all stakeholders, practitioners, policymakers, and scientists.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0701890104", doi = "10.1073/pnas.0701890104", openalex = "W2003004462", references = "doi101073pnas0700609104" } @article{doi101094cchem8440328, author = "Igne, Benoît and Gibson, Lance R. and Rippke, Glen R. and Schwarte, Aaron J. and Hurburgh, Charles R.", title = "Triticale Moisture and Protein Content Prediction by Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)", year = "2007", journal = "Cereal Chemistry", abstract = "ABSTRACT The use of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the prediction of whole‐grain triticale moisture and protein content was evaluated. Because triticale is genetically close to wheat, commercially available wheat prediction models for Foss Infratec analyzers were applied in a year‐by‐year basis to triticale samples harvested in Iowa between 2002 and 2006. Wheat models were not applicable to moisture prediction (SEP avg = 0.37\% pt; expected SEP on wheat samples 0.15\% pt), but usable for screening for protein (SEP avg = 0.38\% pt; expected SEP on wheat samples 0.25\% pt). Dedicated triticale calibrations were developed from 2002 to 2005 data. Prediction results for 2006 samples only were compared. Triticale calibrations performed better than wheat calibrations for 2006 samples (moisture SEP triticale = 0.29\% pt, SEP wheat = 0.50\% pt; protein SEP triticale = 0.30\% pt, SEP wheat = 0.68\% pt).", url = "https://doi.org/10.1094/cchem-84-4-0328", doi = "10.1094/cchem-84-4-0328", openalex = "W2062465429" } @article{doi101094cchem8460576, author = "Igne, Benoît and Gibson, Lance R. and Rippke, Glen R. and Hurburgh, Charles R.", title = "Influence of Yearly Variability of Agricultural Products on Calibration Process: A Triticale Example", year = "2007", journal = "Cereal Chemistry", abstract = "ABSTRACT Many elements can influence the calibration process for near‐infrared spectroscopy: variability within the population of interest, environmental effects, hardware instability, and others. This study evaluated two techniques to develop prediction models for triticale grain moisture and protein. The spectral addition strategy added new samples to the calibration set year after year. The spectral adaptation strategy selected only the spectral variability needed to successfully apply the model to new material. Triticale was a good study material because it was undergoing genetic change through the study period and is very responsive to climate variability. The two calibration techniques were significantly different from each other in terms of precision and accuracy. Spectral adaptation was the best technique with a relative predictive determinant (RPD) of 4.33 and a bias of 0.17\% versus RPD of 3.50 and a bias of –0.52\% for spectral addition. These results are contradictory to common practices that tend to add to the calibration set a maximum variability over as much time as possible. For highly variable matrixes, a constant adaptation rather than expansion of the calibration pool may be more appropriate.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1094/cchem-84-6-0576", doi = "10.1094/cchem-84-6-0576", openalex = "W2032737168", references = "doi1010399781847550484, doi101093biomet3112200, doi101094cchem8440328, doi1012019781003042204, doi101208pt060239, doi1012559781906715250, doi101255jnirs262, doi101255jnirs424, doi101255nirn378, openalexw1809141522" } @article{doi101098rstb20072169, author = "Hobbs, Peter and Sayre, Ken D. and Gupta, Raj Kumar", title = "The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture", year = "2007", journal = "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences", abstract = "The paper focuses on conservation agriculture (CA), defined as minimal soil disturbance (no-till, NT) and permanent soil cover (mulch) combined with rotations, as a more sustainable cultivation system for the future. Cultivation and tillage play an important role in agriculture. The benefits of tillage in agriculture are explored before introducing conservation tillage (CT), a practice that was borne out of the American dust bowl of the 1930s. The paper then describes the benefits of CA, a suggested improvement on CT, where NT, mulch and rotations significantly improve soil properties and other biotic factors. The paper concludes that CA is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly management system for cultivating crops. Case studies from the rice-wheat areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia and the irrigated maize-wheat systems of Northwest Mexico are used to describe how CA practices have been used in these two environments to raise production sustainably and profitably. Benefits in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on global warming are also discussed. The paper concludes that agriculture in the next decade will have to sustainably produce more food from less land through more efficient use of natural resources and with minimal impact on the environment in order to meet growing population demands. Promoting and adopting CA management systems can help meet this goal.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2169", doi = "10.1098/rstb.2007.2169", openalex = "W2105718554" } @article{doi101002jpln200700331, author = "Staß, Angelika and Smit, Inga and Eticha, Dejene and Oettler, G. and Horst, Walter J.", title = "The significance of organic‐anion exudation for the aluminum resistance of primary triticale derived from wheat and rye parents differing in aluminum resistance", year = "2008", journal = "Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science", abstract = "Abstract Eight primary octoploid triticale genotypes (x Triticosecale Wittmack) derived from four wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) and two rye inbred lines (Secale cereale L.) differing in aluminum (Al) resistance were investigated with respect to their response to Al supply. Aluminum‐induced inhibition of root elongation (48 h, 25 µM Al supply), callose formation, and the accumulation of Al in root tips (4 h, 25 µM Al supply) were used as parameters to assess Al resistance. Using these parameters, the existing information on Al resistance of the wheat and rye cultivars was generally confirmed. The triticale cultivars showed a wide range of Al resistance amongst the Al‐sensitive wheat and the Al‐resistant rye cultivars. The rye parents and the Al‐resistant wheat parent Carazinho were characterized by Al‐induced exudation particularly of citrate but also of malate from whole root systems of 14 d old seedlings (8 h, 50 µM Al supply). Regression analysis revealed that the degree of Al resistance of the triticale genotypes was closely related to the Al‐induced citrate exudation, which was mainly controlled by the Al resistance of the wheat parent.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200700331", doi = "10.1002/jpln.200700331", openalex = "W1978365448", references = "doi101007bf00228683" } @article{doi101007s1068100896909, author = "Wolfe, Martin S. and Baresel, Jörg Peter and Desclaux, Dominique and Goldringer, Isabelle and Hoad, SP and Kovács, G. and Löschenberger, Franziska and Miedaner, Thomas and Østergård, Hanne and van Bueren, E.T. Lammerts", title = "Developments in breeding cereals for organic agriculture", year = "2008", journal = "Euphytica", abstract = "The need for increased sustainability of performance in cereal varieties, particularly in organic agriculture (OA), is limited by the lack of varieties adapted to organic conditions. Here, the needs for breeding are reviewed in the context of three major marketing types, global, regional, local, in European OA. Currently, the effort is determined, partly, by the outcomes from trials that compare varieties under OA and CA (conventional agriculture) conditions. The differences are sufficiently large and important to warrant an increase in appropriate breeding. The wide range of environments within OA and between years, underlines the need to try to select for specific adaptation in target environments. The difficulty of doing so can be helped by decentralised breeding with farmer participation and the use of crops buffered by variety mixtures or populations. Varieties for OA need efficient nutrient uptake and use and weed competition. These and other characters need to be considered in relation to the OA cropping system over the whole rotation. Positive interactions are needed, such as early crop vigour for nutrient uptake, weed competition and disease resistance. Incorporation of all characteristics into the crop can be helped by diversification within the crop, allowing complementation and compensation among plants. Although the problems of breeding cereals for organic farming systems are large, there is encouraging progress. This lies in applications of ecology to organic crop production, innovations in plant sciences, and the realisation that such progress is central to both OA and CA, because of climate change and the increasing costs of fossil fuels.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9690-9", doi = "10.1007/s10681-008-9690-9", openalex = "W2158791848", references = "doi101002152226242002081654382aidjpln38230co2, doi101007bf00012037, doi101007s1068100897154, doi101038nature04742, doi101073pnas96115937, doi101086281736, doi101111j143905231995tb00816x, doi101126science1071148, doi101146annurevpy23090185001343, doi101722620264, doi1023072529912" } @article{doi101007s1068100897092, author = "Löschenberger, Franziska and Fleck, Andreas and Grausgruber, H. and Hetzendorfer, Herbert and Hof, Gerhard and Lafferty, Julia and Mar�n, M. Antonia and Neumayer, Anton and Pfaffinger, Georg and Birschitzky, Johann", title = "Breeding for organic agriculture: the example of winter wheat in Austria", year = "2008", journal = "Euphytica", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9709-2", doi = "10.1007/s10681-008-9709-2", openalex = "W2027016910", references = "doi101007s1068100897154" } @article{doi101016jecolecon200806014, author = "Gallai, Nicola and Salles, Jean‐Michel and Settele, Josef and Vaissière, Bernard", title = "Economic valuation of the vulnerability of world agriculture confronted with pollinator decline", year = "2008", journal = "Ecological Economics", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.06.014", doi = "10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.06.014", openalex = "W2115943082", references = "doi101038387253a0, doi101073pnas1231335100, doi101073pnas262413599, doi101093ajcn604644a, doi101093besa173164, doi101098rspb20063721, doi101126science1127863, doi101177000271621204000113, doi10164100063568200656311tevoes20co2, openalexw3202522595" } @article{doi101556crc362008213, author = "Márton, László", title = "Impact of rainfall, liming, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P 2 O 5), potassium (K 2 O), calcium (CaO), magnesium (MgO) mineral fertilization on triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) yield in a monoculture in Hungary", year = "2008", journal = "Cereal Research Communications", url = "https://doi.org/10.1556/crc.36.2008.2.13", doi = "10.1556/crc.36.2008.2.13", openalex = "W2010922072" } @incollection{doi10100797803877229799, author = "Mergoum, Mohamed and Singh, Pushpendra and Peña, R. J. and Río, Alejandro J. Lozano-del and Cooper, Kath and Salmon, D. F. and Macpherson, H. Gómez", title = "Triticale: A “New” Crop with Old Challenges", year = "2009", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72297-9\_9", doi = "10.1007/978-0-387-72297-9\_9", openalex = "W165786797", references = "doi101002jsfa2740600413, doi101007s0012200315325, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi101017s0021859605005290, doi101071ar01080, doi10108003746607309469536, doi101093yielyvt056, doi101111j14390523200401059x, openalexw2469081493, openalexw603407191, openalexw625718120, skovmand1984triticale" } @article{doi101111j160152231973tb01108x, author = "WEIMARCK, ANNA", title = "Cytogenetic behaviour in octoploid Triticale", year = "2009", journal = "Hereditas", abstract = "Meiotic irregularities, degree of aneuploidy and fertility were investigated in both primary and recombined strains of 8x Triticale. In bulk populations as well as in progenies of euploid plants, recombined strains showed a lower degree of aneuploidy than did the primary strains. The recombined strains also showed stabler meiosis and higher fertility than the primary strains. A close relationship was found between somatic chromosome number and fertility. Fertility is not correlated with cytological disturbances.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1973.tb01108.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1601-5223.1973.tb01108.x", openalex = "W2747848827" } @phdthesis{openalexw1953537066, author = "Pisani, Frances Du", title = "Evaluation of the structural and functional composition of South African triticale cultivars (X Triticosecale Wittmack)", year = "2009", booktitle = "SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)", openalex = "W1953537066", references = "doi101094cchem8460576" } @article{doi101007s0029901009710, author = "Oleszczuk, Sylwia and Rabiza-Świder, Julita and Zimny, J. and Lukaszewski, Adam J.", title = "Aneuploidy among androgenic progeny of hexaploid triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack)", year = "2010", journal = "Plant Cell Reports", abstract = "Doubled haploids are an established tool in plant breeding and research. Of several methods for their production, androgenesis is technically simple and can efficiently produce substantial numbers of lines. It is well suited to such crops as hexaploid triticale. Owing to meiotic irregularities of triticale hybrids, aneuploidy may affect the efficiency of androgenesis more severely than in meiotically stable crops. This study addresses the issue of aneuploidy among androgenic regenerants of triticale. Plant morphology, seed set and seed quality were better predictors of aneuploidy, as determined cytologically, than flow cytometry. Most aneuploids were hypoploids and these included nullisomics, telosomics, and translocation lines; among 42 chromosome plants were nulli-tetrasomics. Rye chromosomes involved in aneuploidy greatly outnumbered wheat chromosomes; in C(0) rye chromosomes 2R and 5R were most frequently involved. While the frequency of nullisomy 2R was fairly constant in most cross combinations, nullisomy 5R was more frequent in the most recalcitrant combination, and its frequency increased with time spent in culture with up to 70\% of green plants recovered late being nullisomic 5R. Given that 5R was not involved in meiotic aberrations with an above-average frequency, it is possible that its absence promotes androgenesis or green plant regeneration. Overall, aneuploidy among tested combinations reduced the average efficiency of double haploid production by 35\% and by 69\% in one recalcitrant combination, seriously reducing the yield of useful lines.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-010-0971-0", doi = "10.1007/s00299-010-0971-0", openalex = "W2073586573", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{doi101098rstb20100143, author = "Power, Alison G.", title = "Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies", year = "2010", journal = "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences", abstract = "Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient cycling and hydrological services. Preliminary assessments indicate that the value of these ecosystem services to agriculture is enormous and often underappreciated. Agroecosystems also produce a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulation of soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. Depending on management practices, agriculture can also be the source of numerous disservices, including loss of wildlife habitat, nutrient runoff, sedimentation of waterways, greenhouse gas emissions, and pesticide poisoning of humans and non-target species. The tradeoffs that may occur between provisioning services and other ecosystem services and disservices should be evaluated in terms of spatial scale, temporal scale and reversibility. As more effective methods for valuing ecosystem services become available, the potential for 'win-win' scenarios increases. Under all scenarios, appropriate agricultural management practices are critical to realizing the benefits of ecosystem services and reducing disservices from agricultural activities.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0143", doi = "10.1098/rstb.2010.0143", openalex = "W2114735032", references = "doi101016jecolecon200806014" } @article{doi101111j13653059201002379x, author = "Walker, A. S. and Bouguennec, Annaig and Confais, Johann and Morgant, G. and Leroux, Pierre", title = "Evidence of host‐range expansion from new powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) infections of triticale (× Triticosecale) in France", year = "2010", journal = "Plant Pathology", abstract = "This study aimed to determine whether powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis is an endemic pathogen of triticale (× Triticosecale: Triticum × Secale), emerging as a result of recent changes in its pathogenicity, or whether it is a new pathogen, possibly resulting from hybridization between ff. spp. tritici and secalis. A secondary aim was to consider breeding practices that may have favoured this emergence. Phylogenetic analyses based upon six genes revealed the close relatedness of the novel entity and the ff. spp. tritici and secalis, but the IGS marker finally grouped together the isolates collected on triticale and on wheat, supporting the scenario of a recent host‐range expansion from wheat to triticale. Pathotype analyses concluded that virulence spectra of B. graminis infecting triticale were new in comparison to those observed for other reference formae speciales, and lack of fungicide resistance in triticale isolates strengthens the hypothesis of no or little genetic exchange between wheat and triticale populations of powdery mildew. This adaptation may follow the breakdown of plant resistance genes, which are probably not very diverse in current triticale cultivars since this criterion was not considered as a major one until recent years. Moreover, the complex selection and genetics of this hybrid cereal makes it difficult to predict the transmission of powdery mildew resistance genes.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02379.x", doi = "10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02379.x", openalex = "W1528911283", references = "openalexw2063849688" } @article{doi102135cropsci2009110644, author = "Kavanagh, Vanessa and Hall, Linda M. and Hall, Jocelyn C.", title = "Potential Hybridization of Genetically Engineered Triticale with Wild and Weedy Relatives in Canada", year = "2010", journal = "Crop Science", abstract = "Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) is a promising cereal platform for novel bioindustrial products being developed using genetic engineering (GE). Before GE crop varieties are approved in Canada, the potential for gene flow to wild and weedy relatives must be examined. To identify at‐risk species for hybridization and gene flow, we reviewed the phylogeny of triticale relatives, outcrossing barriers, reported crosses, and occurrence of wild relatives in Canada. Presence of genes that inhibit outcrossing, genome constitution, geographic distribution, and floral structure influence triticale hybridization potential. Hybridization experiments between triticale and parental species indicate crosses may produce viable seeds, although outcrossing with rye (Secale cereale L.) is less likely. With respect to nonparental species that occur in Canada, jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) and intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv.) should be investigated to determine if viable hybrids with triticale can occur. While there are reports of wheat (Triticum spp.) hybridization with pubescent wheatgrass [Agropyron trichophorum (Link) K. Richt.], quackgrass [Elymus repens (L.) Gould], barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and lyme grass (Leymus arenarius Hochst), hybridization with triticale under natural conditions seem unlikely.", url = "https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.11.0644", doi = "10.2135/cropsci2009.11.0644", openalex = "W2001593203", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{openalexw2511166498, author = "Đekić, Vera and Milovanović, M. and Staletić, M. and Perišić, Vesna", title = "Investigation of yield components [of] Kragujevac varieties [of] winter triticale", year = "2010", openalex = "W2511166498" } @article{doi101002jsfa4338, author = "McGoverin, Cushla and Snyders, Franci and Muller, Nina and Botes, W. C. and Fox, Glen and Manley, Marena", title = "A review of triticale uses and the effect of growth environment on grain quality", year = "2011", journal = "Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture", abstract = "Triticale (× Triticosecale sp. Wittmack ex A. Camus 1927) is an anthropogenic cereal designed to incorporate the functionality and high yield of wheat (Triticum spp. Linnaeus 1753) and durability of rye (Secale cereale Linnaeus 1753). The potential of triticale has remained largely unrealised, and in the 135 years since A. Stephen Wilson first crossed wheat and rye, triticale has mostly been used as animal feed. Growing demand for food resources has led to an increased interest in triticale development. Efforts to breed cultivars appropriate for baking have met with difficulty, although relatively new approaches to triticale end-use propose greater applicability for human consumption. Further, environmental awareness has generated interest in the use of triticale within biofuel production. We review environmental and genetic effects on triticale yield with a view towards increased demand on a hardy and useful cereal crop. We find triticale could satisfy many of the hopes originally placed upon it, and may be useful in foodstuffs and fuel, but only when growth environment is carefully considered.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4338", doi = "10.1002/jsfa.4338", openalex = "W2063795014", references = "doi10100797803877229799, doi101016jmeatsci200612002" } @article{doi101016jjcs201106010, author = "Rakha, Allah and Åman, Pierre and Andersson, Roger", title = "Dietary fiber in triticale grain: Variation in content, composition, and molecular weight distribution of extractable components", year = "2011", journal = "Journal of Cereal Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2011.06.010", doi = "10.1016/j.jcs.2011.06.010", openalex = "W1972968765" } @article{doi101073pnas1116437108, author = "Tilman, David and Balzer, Christian and Hill, Jason and Befort, Belinda L.", title = "Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture", year = "2011", journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", abstract = "Global food demand is increasing rapidly, as are the environmental impacts of agricultural expansion. Here, we project global demand for crop production in 2050 and evaluate the environmental impacts of alternative ways that this demand might be met. We find that per capita demand for crops, when measured as caloric or protein content of all crops combined, has been a similarly increasing function of per capita real income since 1960. This relationship forecasts a 100-110\% increase in global crop demand from 2005 to 2050. Quantitative assessments show that the environmental impacts of meeting this demand depend on how global agriculture expands. If current trends of greater agricultural intensification in richer nations and greater land clearing (extensification) in poorer nations were to continue, \textasciitilde 1 billion ha of land would be cleared globally by 2050, with CO(2)-C equivalent greenhouse gas emissions reaching \textasciitilde 3 Gt y(-1) and N use \textasciitilde 250 Mt y(-1) by then. In contrast, if 2050 crop demand was met by moderate intensification focused on existing croplands of underyielding nations, adaptation and transfer of high-yielding technologies to these croplands, and global technological improvements, our analyses forecast land clearing of only \textasciitilde 0.2 billion ha, greenhouse gas emissions of \textasciitilde 1 Gt y(-1), and global N use of \textasciitilde 225 Mt y(-1). Efficient management practices could substantially lower nitrogen use. Attainment of high yields on existing croplands of underyielding nations is of great importance if global crop demand is to be met with minimal environmental impacts.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1116437108", doi = "10.1073/pnas.1116437108", openalex = "W2013414890", references = "doi101038nature01014, doi101038nature10452, doi101126science1057544, doi101126science1136674, doi101126science1185383, doi1018901051076119970070737haotgn20co2, openalexw2133119982, openalexw2150234230, openalexw2939474406, openalexw617039848" } @article{doi101139g11009, author = "Tyrka, Mirosław and Bednarek, Piotr Tomasz and Kilian, Andrzej and Wędzony, Maria and Hura, Tomasz and Bauer, Eva", title = "Genetic map of triticale compiling DArT, SSR, and AFLP markers", year = "2011", journal = "Genome", abstract = "A set of 90 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from F(1) plants that originated from a cross between × Triticosecale Wittm. 'Saka3006' and ×Triticosecale Wittm. 'Modus', via wide crossing with maize, were used to create a genetic linkage map of triticale. The map has 21 linkage groups assigned to the A, B, and R genomes including 155 simple sequence repeat (SSR), 1385 diversity array technology (DArT), and 28 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers covering 2397 cM with a mean distance between two markers of 4.1 cM. Comparative analysis with wheat consensus maps revealed that triticale chromosomes of the A and B genomes were represented by 15 chromosomes, including combinations of 2AS.2AL\#, 2AL\#2BL, 6AS.6AL\#, and 2BS.6AL\# instead of 2A, 2B, and 6A. In respect to published maps of rye, substantial rearrangements were found also for chromosomes 1R, 2R, and 3R of the rye genome. Chromosomes 1R and 2R were truncated and the latter was linked with 3R. A nonhomogeneous distribution of markers across the triticale genome was observed with evident bias (48\%) towards the rye genome. This genetic map may serve as a reference linkage map of triticale for efficient studies of structural rearrangements, gene mapping, and marker-assisted selection.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/g11-009", doi = "10.1139/g11-009", openalex = "W2124539553", references = "openalexw2063849688" } @article{doi103390su3091452, author = "Hirel, Bertrand and Tétu, Thierry and Lea, Peter J. and Dubois, Frédéric", title = "Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crops for Sustainable Agriculture", year = "2011", journal = "Sustainability", abstract = "In this review, we present the recent developments and future prospects of improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crops using various complementary approaches. These include conventional breeding and molecular genetics, in addition to alternative farming techniques based on no-till continuous cover cropping cultures and/or organic nitrogen (N) nutrition. Whatever the mode of N fertilization, an increased knowledge of the mechanisms controlling plant N economy is essential for improving NUE and for reducing excessive input of fertilizers, while maintaining an acceptable yield and sufficient profit margin for the farmers. Using plants grown under agronomic conditions, with different tillage conditions, in pure or associated cultures, at low and high N mineral fertilizer input, or using organic fertilization, it is now possible to develop further whole plant agronomic and physiological studies. These can be combined with gene, protein and metabolite profiling to build up a comprehensive picture depicting the different steps of N uptake, assimilation and recycling to produce either biomass in vegetative organs or proteins in storage organs. We provide a critical overview as to how our understanding of the agro-ecophysiological, physiological and molecular controls of N assimilation in crops, under varying environmental conditions, has been improved. We have used combined approaches, based on agronomic studies, whole plant physiology, quantitative genetics, forward and reverse genetics and the emerging systems biology. Long-term sustainability may require a gradual transition from synthetic N inputs to legume-based crop rotation, including continuous cover cropping systems, where these may be possible in certain areas of the world, depending on climatic conditions. Current knowledge and prospects for future agronomic development and application for breeding crops adapted to lower mineral fertilizer input and to alternative farming techniques are explored, whilst taking into account the constraints of both the current world economic situation and the environment.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/su3091452", doi = "10.3390/su3091452", openalex = "W2030443990", references = "doi101016jagee200508003, doi101016jenvint200605002" } @article{doi105897ajb10986, author = "Djekić, Vera and Mitrović, Sreten and Milovanović, M. and Djurić, Nenad and Kresović, Branka and Tapanarova, Angelina and Djermanovic, V. and Mitrovic, M.", title = "Implementation of triticale in nutrition of non-ruminant animals", year = "2011", journal = "AgroSpace (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture)", abstract = "Cognition of chemical composition and nutritive values of triticale grain as well as the effect of its application in non-ruminant animal nutrition were pointed out in this paper. There is a high level of proteins in the grain of triticale (2 to 3\% more than wheat and 4\% more than rye), with very beneficial amino acid composition, and is the reason for its usage in domestic animals nutrition. Nowadays, people are of the opinion that triticale is one of potential plant species with the brightest perspective in the production of food for domestic animals. Considering the increased production of triticale, some detail researching of its nutritional value is necessary due to the required evaluation of the role and significance in domestic animal nutrition based on triticale. Due to intensive plant breeding programs, there are new varieties of triticale in the market, distinctive by the higher yield and wide range of desired traits. As a result of this, triticale is becoming very attractive and is occupying larger portions of arable land. These review will show if there are some advantages of triticale compared to other cereals and how large the frame of these advantages is, as well as how it will affect the further spreading of triticale on arable land.", url = "https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb10.986", doi = "10.5897/ajb10.986", openalex = "W2167174766" } @article{openalexw1548925872, author = "Lithourgidis, Anastasios and Dordas, Christos and Damalas, Christos A. and Vlachostergios, Dimitrios Ν.", title = "Annual intercrops: an alternative pathway for sustainable agriculture.", year = "2011", journal = "Australian Journal of Crop Science", abstract = "Intercropping, the agricultural practice of cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time, is an old and commonly used cropping practice which aims to match efficiently crop demands to the available growth resources and labor. The most common advantage of intercropping is the production of greater yield on a given piece of land by making more efficient use of the available growth resources using a mixture of crops of different rooting ability, canopy structure, height, and nutrient requirements based on the complementary utilization of growth resources by the component crops. Moreover, intercropping improves soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation with the use of legumes, increases soil conservation through greater ground cover than sole cropping, and provides better lodging resistance for crops susceptible to lodging than when grown in monoculture. Intercrops often reduce pest incidence and improve forage quality by increasing crude protein yield of forage. Intercropping provides insurance against crop failure or against unstable market prices for a given commodity, especially in areas subject to extreme weather conditions such as frost, drought, and flood. Thus, it offers greater financial stability than sole cropping, which makes the system particularly suitable for labor-intensive small farms. Besides, intercropping allows lower inputs through reduced fertilizer and pesticide requirements, thus minimizing environmental impacts of agriculture. However, intercropping has some disadvantages such as the selection of the appropriate crop species and the appropriate sowing densities, including extra work in preparing and planting the seed mixture and also extra work during crop management practices, including harvest. The selection of an appropriate intercropping system for each case is quite complex as the success of intercropping systems depend much on the interactions between the component species, the available management practices, and the environmental conditions. Plant breeding can contribute determinedly to increase of productivity of intercropping systems by investigating and exploiting the genetic variability to intercrop adaptation. This paper provides an overall view and evaluation of annual intercropping, summarizing its main advantages supported by a number of key examples from the literature which point out its great value in the context of sustainable agriculture.", openalex = "W1548925872", references = "doi101007s1068100896909" } @article{doi101007s1111901292745, author = "Zhang, Chunhua and Kovacs, John M.", title = "The application of small unmanned aerial systems for precision agriculture: a review", year = "2012", journal = "Precision Agriculture", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-012-9274-5", doi = "10.1007/s11119-012-9274-5", openalex = "W2074464158" } @article{doi101016jagsy201112004, author = "de Ponti, Tomek and Rijk, Bert and van Ittersum, M.K.", title = "The crop yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture", year = "2012", journal = "Agricultural Systems", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2011.12.004", doi = "10.1016/j.agsy.2011.12.004", openalex = "W2166106775", references = "doi101007s1068100896909" } @article{doi101016jbiosystemseng201208009, author = "Mulla, D. J.", title = "Twenty five years of remote sensing in precision agriculture: Key advances and remaining knowledge gaps", year = "2012", journal = "Biosystems Engineering", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2012.08.009", doi = "10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2012.08.009", openalex = "W2038782607" } @article{doi101016jfcr201201003, author = "Estrada-Campuzano, Gaspar and Slafer, Gustavo A. and Miralles, Daniel J.", title = "Differences in yield, biomass and their components between triticale and wheat grown under contrasting water and nitrogen environments", year = "2012", journal = "Field Crops Research", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.01.003", doi = "10.1016/j.fcr.2012.01.003", openalex = "W2011234069", references = "doi101016037842909390161f, doi102134agronj199900021962009100020021x" } @article{doi101016jjcs201204004, author = "Nakurte, Ilva and Klavins, Kristaps and Kirhnere, Inga and Namniece, Jana and Adlere, Liene and Matvejevs, Jaroslavs and Kronberga, Arta and Kokare, Aina and Strazdiņa, Vija and Legzdiņa, Linda and Muceniece, Ruta", title = "Discovery of lunasin peptide in triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack)", year = "2012", journal = "Journal of Cereal Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2012.04.004", doi = "10.1016/j.jcs.2012.04.004", openalex = "W2050133428", references = "doi101002jsfa4338, doi101016jbbrc200910053, doi101016jcanlet200703022, doi101016jpeptides200811002, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi101021jf0256945, doi101021jf034460y, doi101021jf072911z, doi101111j175348872005tb00106x, openalexw2130617903, openalexw603407191, skovmand1984triticale" } @article{doi101038nature11069, author = "Seufert, Verena and Ramankutty, Navin and Foley, Jonathan A.", title = "Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture", year = "2012", journal = "Nature", url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11069", doi = "10.1038/nature11069", openalex = "W1977341902" } @article{doi101093yielyvt056, author = "Mekouar, Mohamed Ali", title = "15. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)", year = "2012", journal = "Yearbook of International Environmental Law", abstract = "At its December session, the FAO Council recommended an important amendment to the first global goal of the organization, from diminishing hunger to its elimination, which reads as follows: ‘eradication of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition, progressively ensuring a world in which all people at all times have sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life’ [revised language in italics]. Expected to be endorsed by the FAO Conference at its forthcoming session in June 2013, this substantial policy change would represent a radical transformation of the current strategy in this regard, which less ambitiously aims to reduce the absolute number of undernourished people—in line with Millennium Development Goal 1 to halve the proportion of those who suffer from starvation by 2015—rather than aspiring to the complete eradication of hunger and malnutrition worldwide.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/yiel/yvt056", doi = "10.1093/yiel/yvt056", openalex = "W2148571806" } @misc{doi1022004agecon288998, author = "Alexandratos, N. and Bruinsma, Jelle and Alexandratos, Nikos and Bruinsma, Jelle", title = "World agriculture towards 2030/2050: the 2012 revision", year = "2012", booktitle = "AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)", abstract = "Current UN projections indicate that world population could increase by 2.25 billion people from today's levels, reaching 9.15 billion by 2050. At the global level, agricultural production and consumption in 2050 are projected to be 60 percent higher than in 2005/07. The perceived limit to producing food for a growing global population remains a source of debate and preoccupation despite the agriculture sector's historical ability to meet such demand. This paper is the latest in the series by the Global Perspective Studies unit within FAO, which aims to provide insights into how food and agriculture may develop, between now and 2050, making note of key assumptions and uncertainties. Such a long look forward is inherently burdened with uncertainty, but the methodical inclusion of the range of technical expertise found throughout FAO on likely paths of development and constraints results in an outlook that is widely used for planning and framing debates in food and agriculture.", url = "https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.288998", doi = "10.22004/ag.econ.288998", openalex = "W2186066651", references = "doi101126science1185383" } @article{doi101007s1124801296832, author = "Kavanagh, Vanessa and Hills, Melissa J. and Goyal, Aakash and Randhawa, Harpinder and Topinka, A. Keith and Eudes, François and Hall, Linda M.", title = "Molecular markers as a complementary tool in risk assessments: quantifying interspecific gene flow from triticale to spring wheat and durum wheat", year = "2013", journal = "Transgenic Research", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-012-9683-2", doi = "10.1007/s11248-012-9683-2", openalex = "W2054471120", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{doi101007s1359301301567, author = "Mok, Hoi-Fei and Williamson, Virginia G. and Grove, James and Burry, Kristal and Barker, Fiona and Hamilton, Andrew J.", title = "Strawberry fields forever? Urban agriculture in developed countries: a review", year = "2013", journal = "Agronomy for Sustainable Development", abstract = "Food production in cities has long been a tradition in many countries around the world and a mainstream activity for many developed countries. While urban agriculture plays an important role in increasing food security and social well-being, it comes with significant costs and constraints. Here, we review the growth of urban agriculture throughout the developed world in order to clarify the different benefits, risks, and hindrances associated with the practice. Through this analysis, we identify the need for better understanding of the following five aspects if urban agriculture is to make a meaningful contribution to food security and social well-being in the future: (1) the impacts of continued urban sprawl and loss of peri-urban agricultural land; (2) appropriate government and institutional support at local, regional, and country levels; (3) the role of urban agriculture in self-sufficiency of cities; (4) the risks posed by pollutants from agriculture to urban ecosystems and from urban ecosystems to agriculture; and (5) the carbon footprint of urban agriculture and use of “food miles.” If urban agriculture is to have a legitimate place in resolving the global food crisis as advocates claim, then it is time to take urban agriculture seriously and assess more rigorously both the positive and negative impacts, especially carbon emissions. Only then can the world’s limited resources be properly allocated to the development of urban agriculture.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0156-7", doi = "10.1007/s13593-013-0156-7", openalex = "W2025051877", references = "doi101016jhealthplace201004013" } @article{doi101007s1359301301807, author = "Wezel, Alexander and Casagrande, Marion and Celette, Florian and Vian, Jean-François and Ferrer, Aurélie and Peigné, Josephine", title = "Agroecological practices for sustainable agriculture. A review", year = "2013", journal = "Agronomy for Sustainable Development", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-013-0180-7", doi = "10.1007/s13593-013-0180-7", openalex = "W2010410187", references = "doi101016s0065211305880046" } @article{doi101016jfcr201305010, author = "Ukalska, Joanna and Kociuba, W.", title = "Phenotypical diversity of winter triticale genotypes collected in the Polish gene bank between 1982 and 2008 with regard to major quantitative traits", year = "2013", journal = "Field Crops Research", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.05.010", doi = "10.1016/j.fcr.2013.05.010", openalex = "W2063565428", references = "doi101007bf00228683" } @article{doi101016jfoodhyd201308018, author = "Naguleswaran, Sabaratnam and Vasanthan, Thava and Hoover, R. and Bressler, David C.", title = "Amylolysis of amylopectin and amylose isolated from wheat, triticale, corn and barley starches", year = "2013", journal = "Food Hydrocolloids", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.08.018", doi = "10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.08.018", openalex = "W1990347281" } @article{doi101016jfoodpol201304006, author = "Aubry, Christine and Kebir, Leïla", title = "Shortening food supply chains: A means for maintaining agriculture close to urban areas? The case of the French metropolitan area of Paris", year = "2013", journal = "Food Policy", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.04.006", doi = "10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.04.006", openalex = "W2052109319" } @article{doi101094cchem02130021r, author = "Manley, Marena and McGoverin, Cushla and Snyders, Franci and Muller, Nina and Botes, W. C. and Fox, Glen", title = "Prediction of Triticale Grain Quality Properties, Based on Both Chemical and Indirectly Measured Reference Methods, Using Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy", year = "2013", journal = "Cereal Chemistry", abstract = "ABSTRACT The increasing demand for triticale as food, feed, and fuel has resulted in the availability of cultivars with different grain quality characteristics. Analyses of triticale composition can ensure that the most appropriate cultivars are obtained and used for the most suitable applications. Near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is often used for rapid measurements during quality control and has consequently been investigated as a method for the measurement of protein, moisture, and ash contents, as well as kernel hardness (particle size index [PSI]) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation from both whole grain and ground triticale samples. NIR spectroscopy prediction models calculated using ground samples were generally superior to whole grain models. Protein content was the most effectively modeled quality property; the best ground grain calibration had a ratio of the standard error of test set validation to the standard deviation of the reference data of the test set (RPD test) of 4.81, standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.52\% (w/w), and r 2 of 0.95. Whole grain protein calibrations were less accurate, with optimum RPD test of 3.54, SEP of 0.67\% (w/w), and r 2 of 0.92. NIR spectroscopy calibrations based on direct chemical reference measurements (protein and moisture contents) were better than those based on indirect measurements (PSI, ash content, and SDS sedimentation). Calibrations based on indirect measurements would, however, still be useful to identify extreme samples.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1094/cchem-02-13-0021-r", doi = "10.1094/cchem-02-13-0021-r", openalex = "W2101597260", references = "doi101094cchem8460576" } @article{doi104000bagf2264, author = "Poulot, Monique", title = "Agricultures dans la ville, agricultures pour la ville: vers de nouvelle figures de l’agriculture et de l’agriculteur (exemples franciliens et français)?", year = "2013", journal = "Bulletin de l Association de géographes français", abstract = "Un temps considérées comme marginales et en attente de disparition, les agricultures urbaines et périurbaines sont devenues aujourd’hui un enjeu tant de la ville durable que de l’agriculture durable. D’une part, la quasi-totalité des projets de la ville de demain, la ville post-carbone, décrivent une « ville constituée par une concentration de zones urbanisées compactes et un ensemble de fragments de paysages inclus ou englobants, qui rempliront chacun des fonctions urbaines spécifiques. (…)...", url = "https://doi.org/10.4000/bagf.2264", doi = "10.4000/bagf.2264", openalex = "W2243244401", references = "diry1988agriculture, doi101016jfoodpol201304006, doi101016jjrurstud200710002, doi101016jlandusepol200406002, doi101016s0743016702000475, doi101021es702969f, doi101065espr200505252, doi101111j146783061967tb00591x, doi103406ecoru20015217, doi103917scpodubui200901, doi1043249780203804520" } @article{doi101007s1124001405331, author = "Machczyńska, Joanna and Orłowska, Renata and Mańkowski, Dariusz R. and Zimny, J. and Bednarek, Piotr Tomasz", title = "DNA methylation changes in triticale due to in vitro culture plant regeneration and consecutive reproduction", year = "2014", journal = "Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC)", abstract = "Doubled haploids of triticale are of interest for plant breeders due to hybrid breeding programs based on cytoplasmic male sterility Tt phenomenon. However, (epi)mutations appearing during in vitro culture regeneration may lead to a phenotypic variation that makes the uniformity of plant materials questionable. Using RP-HPLC genomic DNA methylation of donor doubled haploid plants utilized as a source of tissues for the in vitro regeneration (via androgenesis and somatic embryogenesis) of triticale cv. Bogo and their consecutive generative progeny was evaluated. It was demonstrated that in vitro cultures induced a decrease of the DNA methylation of the regenerants independently of the approach used for plant regeneration. The decrease in DNA methylation of genomic DNA proceeded up to the first/second successive generations followed by the beginning of its reestablishment. Moreover, somatic embryogenesis resulted in a higher level of genomic DNA demethylation in regenerants than androgenesis and the process of methylation seems to be affected by donor plant. It is being speculated that long term changes in genomic DNA methylation may be a source of off-type individuals that may spontaneously arise during plant breeding.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0533-1", doi = "10.1007/s11240-014-0533-1", openalex = "W2053037809", references = "doi10100797803877229799" } @article{doi101038nclimate2437, author = "Lipper, Leslie and Thornton, Philip K. and Campbell, Bruce and Baedeker, Tobias and Braimoh, Ademola K. and Bwalya, Martin and Caron, Patrick and Cattaneo, Andrea and Garrity, Dennis P. and Henry, Kevin and Hottle, Ryan and Jackson, Louise and Jarvis, Andrew and Kossam, Fred and Mann, W. Neal and McCarthy, Nancy and Meybeck, A. and Neufeldt, Henry and Remington, Tom and Sen, Pham Thi and Sessa, Reuben and Shula, Reynolds and Tibu, Austin and Torquebiau, Emmanuel", title = "Climate-smart agriculture for food security", year = "2014", journal = "Nature Climate Change", url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2437", doi = "10.1038/nclimate2437", openalex = "W2078771477", references = "doi101146annurevenviron020411130608" } @article{doi101556crc42201431, author = "Blum, A.", title = "The abiotic stress response and adaptation of triticale — A review", year = "2014", journal = "Cereal Research Communications", url = "https://doi.org/10.1556/crc.42.2014.3.1", doi = "10.1556/crc.42.2014.3.1", openalex = "W2054223518", references = "doi1010079781441974914, doi10100797894009032964, doi101016jfcr200903009, doi101016jplantsci201105015, doi101023a1024573305997, doi101071ar05069, doi101093aobmcf049, doi101093jexbot51suppl1329, doi101111j14698137200501597x, doi102134agronj199900021962009100020021x, doi102135cropsci19980011183x003800060011x, openalexw1537015193" } @article{openalexw2189367984, author = "Popović, Vera and Milivojević, Jelena and Staletić, M. and Jelić, Miodrag", title = "EFFECTS OF FERTILIZATION ON YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY IN WINTER TRITICALE", year = "2014", journal = "Romanian Agricultural Research", abstract = "Study of fertilization effects were conducted in a stationary type of field trial, on a degrading vertisol soil with low pH. Eight variants of mineral nutrition (NK, NP1, NP2, NP3, NP1K, NP2K and NP3K) and untreated control (without nutrition) were tested in the experiment. The rates of nitrogen application were 80 kg N ha -1, and they were applied either individually or in combination with three phosphorus rates and the potassium fertilizer. The highest grain yields under mineral nutrition involving a combination of three mineral elements were: N, P and K (80 kg N ha -1, 60 kg P2O5 ha -1, 60 kg K2O ha -1), and under NP2K treatment at a rate of 80 kg N ha -1, 80 kg P2O5 ha -1 and 60 kg K2O ha -1. Based on the analysis of variance, it can be concluded that there were highly significant differences in grains yield among years of investigation and highly significant differences at 1000-grain weight and grain test weight.", openalex = "W2189367984", references = "doi101017s0021859600027222, doi101017s0021859606006538, doi101556crc362008213, doi102135cropsci20040063, doi102298gensr1101197p, doi104141cjss06022, doi105897ajb10986, openalexw2108175255, openalexw2167524316, openalexw2511166498" } @article{doi101007s1110301503680, author = "Machczyńska, Joanna and Zimny, J. and Bednarek, Piotr Tomasz", title = "Tissue culture-induced genetic and epigenetic variation in triticale (× Triticosecale spp. Wittmack ex A. Camus 1927) regenerants", year = "2015", journal = "Plant Molecular Biology", abstract = "Plant regeneration via in vitro culture can induce genetic and epigenetic variation; however, the extent of such changes in triticale is not yet understood. In the present study, metAFLP, a variation of methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis, was used to investigate tissue culture-induced variation in triticale regenerants derived from four distinct genotypes using androgenesis and somatic embryogenesis. The metAFLP technique enabled identification of both sequence and DNA methylation pattern changes in a single experiment. Moreover, it was possible to quantify subtle effects such as sequence variation, demethylation, and de novo methylation, which affected 19, 5.5, 4.5\% of sites, respectively. Comparison of variation in different genotypes and with different in vitro regeneration approaches demonstrated that both the culture technique and genetic background of donor plants affected tissue culture-induced variation. The results showed that the metAFLP approach could be used for quantification of tissue culture-induced variation and provided direct evidence that in vitro plant regeneration could cause genetic and epigenetic variation.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-015-0368-0", doi = "10.1007/s11103-015-0368-0", openalex = "W1787947051", references = "doi101556crc42201431" } @article{doi101080194763372014994565, author = "Cornejo-Ramírez, Yaeel Isbeth and Cinco‐Moroyoqui, Francisco J. and Ramírez‐Reyes, Francisco and Rosas‐Burgos, Ema Carina and Osuna-Amarillas, Pablo Sergio and Wong‐Corral, Francisco Javier and Borboa‐Flores, Jesús and Cota-Gastélum, Alma Guadalupe", title = "Physicochemical characterization of starch from hexaploid triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) genotypes", year = "2015", journal = "CyTA - Journal of Food", abstract = "The starch granules of complete and substituted triticale genotypes were analyzed for morphology and size distribution using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser diffraction, respectively. A quantitative comparison of total carbohydrate, starch, and amylose contents was also performed. The results showed that the complete triticales contained 8.8\% more total carbohydrate content and 13.8\% more starch content than the substituted ones. No significant differences in the average amylose content (22.8\%) were observed between the two sets of triticales. However, the A- and B-type starch granules of the substituted triticales showed significant differences in amylose content. Starch granule distribution profiles showed that the sizes of the A- and B-type starch granules of complete triticales were larger (in the range of 18–41 μm and 2–13 μm, respectively) than those of substituted triticales (in the range of 8–38 μm and 0.5–6 μm, respectively). This study demonstrated that the starch in triticale genotypes differs in physicochemical properties.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2014.994565", doi = "10.1080/19476337.2014.994565", openalex = "W1963673143", references = "doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi101371journalpone0145714, author = "Tyrka, Mirosław and Tyrka, Dorota and Wędzony, Maria", title = "Genetic Map of Triticale Integrating Microsatellite, DArT and SNP Markers", year = "2015", journal = "PLoS ONE", abstract = "Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm) is an economically important crop for fodder and biomass production. To facilitate the identification of markers for agronomically important traits and for genetic and genomic characteristics of this species, a new high-density genetic linkage map of triticale was constructed using doubled haploid (DH) population derived from a cross between cultivars 'Hewo' and 'Magnat'. The map consists of 1615 bin markers, that represent 50 simple sequence repeat (SSR), 842 diversity array technology (DArT), and 16888 DArTseq markers mapped onto 20 linkage groups assigned to the A, B, and R genomes of triticale. No markers specific to chromosome 7R were found, instead mosaic linkage group composed of 1880 highly distorted markers (116 bins) from 10 wheat chromosomes was identified. The genetic map covers 4907 cM with a mean distance between two bins of 3.0 cM. Comparative analysis in respect to published maps of wheat, rye and triticale revealed possible deletions in chromosomes 4B, 5A, and 6A, as well as inversion in chromosome 7B. The number of bin markers in each chromosome varied from 24 in chromosome 3R to 147 in chromosome 6R. The length of individual chromosomes ranged between 50.7 cM for chromosome 2R and 386.2 cM for chromosome 7B. A total of 512 (31.7\%) bin markers showed significant (P < 0.05) segregation distortion across all chromosomes. The number of 8 the segregation distorted regions (SDRs) were identified on 1A, 7A, 1B, 2B, 7B (2 SDRs), 5R and 6R chromosomes. The high-density genetic map of triticale will facilitate fine mapping of quantitative trait loci, the identification of candidate genes and map-based cloning.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145714", doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0145714", openalex = "W2197168882", references = "openalexw2063849688" } @article{doi1018699vj15072, author = "Orlovskaya, О. А. and Леонова, И. Н. and Адонина, И. Г. and Салина, Е. А. and Хотылева, Л. В. and Shumny, V. K.", title = "Molecular-cytogenetic analysis of triticale and wheat lines with introgressions of the tribe Triticeae species genetic material", year = "2015", journal = "Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding", abstract = "There are a number of problems in selection of cultivated cereals associated with the requirements to create forms with resistance to diseases, pests and unfavorable environmental conditions. The genetic diversity of genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses can be increased by means of the gene pool of wild and cultivated wheat relatives. To improve agronomic traits in cereals, we have developed common wheat hybrid lines T. aestivum/ T. durum, T. aestivum/ T. dicoccoides and triticale lines by crossing hexaploid triticale with common wheat forms with the substitution of genome D for the geno­me of diploid Aegilops species. The aim of the study was to identify the lines of common wheat and hexaploid triticale with alien introgression using cytological and molecular-genetic analyses and evaluation of their cytological stability. Comparative analysis of the structure of chromosomes by GISH and FISH methods, microsatellite- and chromosome-specific markers revealed that hybridization of triticale with genome-substitution forms of wheat leads to the reorganization of the genome, including both the introgression of foreign material and wheat chromosome rearrangements, which lead to new combinations of genetic loci. The efficiency of wheat microsatellite markers to characterize of the T. aestivum/ T. durum, T. aestivum/ T. dicoccum interspecific hybrid lines was shown. From 4 to 12 translocations of different lengths from T. durum and T. dicoccum were identified in the chromosomes of A and В genomes in the hybrid lines. Meiotic stability of wheat and triticale hybrids was found. It creates prerequisites for preservation of alien genetic material in subsequent generations.", url = "https://doi.org/10.18699/vj15.072", doi = "10.18699/vj15.072", openalex = "W2726532748", references = "doi101139g80001" } @article{doi103390insects6010152, author = "Pretty, Jules and Bharucha, Zareen Pervez", title = "Integrated Pest Management for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in Asia and Africa", year = "2015", journal = "Insects", abstract = "Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a leading complement and alternative to synthetic pesticides and a form of sustainable intensification with particular importance for tropical smallholders. Global pesticide use has grown over the past 20 years to 3.5 billion kg/year, amounting to a global market worth $45 billion. The external costs of pesticides are $4-$19 (€3-15) per kg of active ingredient applied, suggesting that IPM approaches that result in lower pesticide use will benefit, not only farmers, but also wider environments and human health. Evidence for IPM's impacts on pesticide use and yields remains patchy. We contribute an evaluation using data from 85 IPM projects from 24 countries of Asia and Africa implemented over the past twenty years. Analysing outcomes on productivity and reliance on pesticides, we find a mean yield increase across projects and crops of 40.9\% (SD 72.3), combined with a decline in pesticide use to 30.7\% (SD 34.9) compared with baseline. A total of 35 of 115 (30\%) crop combinations resulted in a transition to zero pesticide use. We assess successes in four types of IPM projects, and find that at least 50\% of pesticide use is not needed in most agroecosystems. Nonetheless, policy support for IPM is relatively rare, counter-interventions from pesticide industry common, and the IPM challenge never done as pests, diseases and weeds evolve and move.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/insects6010152", doi = "10.3390/insects6010152", openalex = "W2082755755", references = "doi101007s135930120105x" } @article{doi101016jaaspro201602083, author = "Cantale, Cristina and Petrazzuolo, F. and Correnti, Angelo and Farneti, Anna and Felici, Fabio and Latini, Arianna and Galeffi, Patrizia", title = "Triticale for Bioenergy Production", year = "2016", journal = "Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia", abstract = "The promotion of renewable energy represents a target of the European 2020 strategy for growth. Plant biomass and organic wastes from agriculture represent an effective resource to be exploited for a sustainable rural development, optimizing the land use, diversifying rural entrepreneurship. Cereals are considered a promising biomass producing crop in temperate regions of Europe to be used for both fuel alcohol and biogas production. In particular, triticale shows a number of advantages such as high grain yield even in marginal environments, tolerance to drought, tolerance to more acid soils, low susceptibility to biotic stresses and is known to have reduced production costs. The characteristics of triticale were reviewed, focusing on bio-energy applications. Furthermore, data from a two-year experiment carried out in Italy using nine triticale lines grown in marginal areas close to Bracciano, Italy, were reported. A bread wheat variety selected for bio-energy application, EW9, were also included for a more complete analysis. Traits such as day-to-heading, plant height, number of plants, number of spikes, grain yields were analysed. Preliminary results concerning biogas potential of biomass consisting of triticale hay harvested at milky-dough phase were also measured and results are reported.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.083", doi = "10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.083", openalex = "W2313261221", references = "doi10100797803877229799, doi101007bf02920159, doi101007s1201000700263, doi101016jbiortech200701002" } @article{doi101016jjcs201606016, author = "Fraś, Anna and Gołębiewska, Kinga and Gołębiewski, Damian and Mańkowski, Dariusz R. and Boros, Danuta and Szecówka, Przemysław", title = "Variability in the chemical composition of triticale grain, flour and bread", year = "2016", journal = "Journal of Cereal Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2016.06.016", doi = "10.1016/j.jcs.2016.06.016", openalex = "W2460628028", references = "doi10100797803877229799" } @article{doi101016jprocs201607275, author = "Mohanraj, I and Ashokumar, Kirthika and Naren, J.", title = "Field Monitoring and Automation Using IOT in Agriculture Domain", year = "2016", journal = "Procedia Computer Science", abstract = "Agriculture sector in India is diminishing day by day which affects the production capacity of ecosystem. There is an exigent need to solve the problem in the domain to restore vibrancy and put it back on higher growth. The paper proposes an e-Agriculture Application based on the framework consisting of KM-Knowledge base and Monitoring modules. To make profitable decisions, farmers need information throughout the entire farming cycle. The required information is scattered in various places which includes real time information such as market prices and current production level stats along with the available primary crop knowledge. A knowledge dataflow model is constructed connecting various scattered sources to the crop structures. The world around is getting automated replacing manual procedures with the advancement of technology, since it is energy efficient and engross minimal man power. The paper proposes the advantages of having ICT in Indian agricultural sector, which shows the path for rural farmers to replace some of the conventional techniques. Monitoring modules are demonstrated using various sensors for which the inputs are fed from Knowledge base. A prototype of the mechanism is carried out using TI CC3200 Launchpad interconnected sensors modules with other necessary electronic devices. A comparative study is made between the developed system and the existing systems. The system overcomes limitations of traditional agricultural procedures by utilizing water resource efficiently and also reducing labour cost.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.07.275", doi = "10.1016/j.procs.2016.07.275", openalex = "W2515751705" } @article{doi101017s0021859616000356, author = "Roques, S. and Kindred, D. R. and Clarke, Sarah", title = "Triticale out-performs wheat on range of UK soils with a similar nitrogen requirement", year = "2016", journal = "The Journal of Agricultural Science", abstract = "SUMMARY Triticale has a reputation for performing well on poor soils, under drought and with reduced inputs, but there has been little investigation of its performance on the better yielding soils dominated by wheat production. The present paper reports 16 field experiments comparing wheat and triticale yield responses to nitrogen (N) fertilizer on high-yielding soils in the UK in harvest years 2009–2014. Each experiment included at least two wheat and at least two triticale varieties, grown at five or six N fertilizer rates from 0 to at least 260 kg N/ha. Linear plus exponential curves were fitted to describe the yield response to N and to calculate economically optimal N rates. Normal type curves with depletion were used to describe protein responses to N. Whole crop samples from selected treatments were taken prior to harvest to measure crop biomass, harvest index, crop N content and yield components. At commercial N rates, mean triticale yield was higher than the mean wheat yield at 13 out of 16 sites; the mean yield advantage of triticale was 0·53 t/ha in the first cereal position and 1·26 t/ha in the second cereal position. Optimal N requirement varied with variety at ten of the 16 sites, but there was no consistent difference between the optimal N rates of wheat and triticale. Triticale grain had lower protein content and lower specific weight than wheat grain. Triticale typically showed higher biomass and straw yields, lower harvest index and higher total N uptake than wheat. Consequently, triticale had higher N uptake efficiency and higher N use efficiency. Based on this study, current N fertilizer recommendations for triticale in the UK are too low, as are national statistics and expectations of triticale yields. The implications of these findings for arable cropping and cereals markets in the UK and Northern Europe are discussed, and the changes which would need to occur to allow triticale to fulfil a role in achieving sustainable intensification are explored.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859616000356", doi = "10.1017/s0021859616000356", openalex = "W2495615867", references = "doi101556crc42201431" } @article{doi1010801742914520161262914, author = "Arough, Younes Kheirizadeh and Sharifi, Raouf Seyed and Sharifi, Raouf Seyed and Sharifi, Reza Seyed and Sharifi, Reza Seyed", title = "Bio fertilizers and zinc effects on some physiological parameters of triticale under water-limitation condition", year = "2016", journal = "Journal of Plant Interactions", abstract = "In order to study bio fertilizers and zinc effects on some physiological parameters of triticale under a water-limitation condition, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014 and 2015. Experimental factors consisted of three irrigation treatments [normal irrigation (W0); moderate water limitation (W1) and severe water limitation (W2)]; four bio fertilizers' levels [(no bio fertilizer (F0), application of mycorrhiza (F1), plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (F2) and both application PGPR and mycorrhiza (F3)] and four nano zinc oxide levels [(without nano zinc oxide (Zn0) as control, application of 0.3 (Zn1), 0.6 (Zn2) and 0.9 (Zn3) g L−1)]. Results showed that water limitation decreased chlorophyll content, relative water content, stomatal conductance, quantum yield and grain yield of triticale, whereas electrical conductivity and the activity of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO, EC 1.14.18.1) enzymes were increased. Inoculation of plants with bio fertilizers and zinc application improved these traits (except electrical conductivity) under water-limitation condition as well as normal irrigation. Based on the results, it was concluded that bio fertilizers and nano zinc oxide application can be recommended for profitable triticale production under water-limitation condition.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2016.1262914", doi = "10.1080/17429145.2016.1262914", openalex = "W2559967373", references = "doi101016jaaspro201602083" } @article{doi101111pbr12433, author = "Losert, Dominik and Maurer, Hans Peter and Marulanda, Jose and Würschum, Tobias", title = "Phenotypic and genotypic analyses of diversity and breeding progress in European triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack)", year = "2016", journal = "Plant Breeding", abstract = "Abstract Knowledge of the extent of phenotypic variability, genetic diversity and the realized breeding progress is central for the optimum design of breeding programmes, but little information is available for triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack). In this study, a collection of 885 diverse European triticale lines was evaluated in multilocation field trials in 2 years. We observed significant genotypic variances and high heritabilities for several agronomic and morphological traits and significant correlations among different traits including grain yield. Based on a subset of the population of 121 varieties registered in Europe between 1983 and 2014, we observed a substantial breeding progress for grain yield with a significant rate of increase of 53 kg/ha or 0.67\% per year. All lines were genotyped by a genotyping‐by‐sequencing approach yielding 58 888 polymorphic markers. Our analyses revealed the absence of major population structure but a certain grouping of lines according to their origin. Taken together, our results on triticale germplasm and its breeding history provide important information for breeding programmes and future selection gain in this crop.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.12433", doi = "10.1111/pbr.12433", openalex = "W2567084103", references = "openalexw2063849688" } @article{doi101134s2079059716050087, author = "Orlovskaya, О. А. and Леонова, И. Н. and Адонина, И. Г. and Салина, Е. А. and Хотылева, Л. В. and Shumny, V. K.", title = "Molecular cytogenetic analysis of triticale and wheat lines with introgressions of the genetic material of triticeae tribe species", year = "2016", journal = "Russian Journal of Genetics Applied Research", abstract = "A number of problems associated with the necessity of creating forms that are characterized by resistance to diseases, pests, and unfavorable environmental conditions exist in the selection of cultivated cereals. The expansion of the genetic diversity by the genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses is reached by the use of the gene pool of wild and cultural common wheat relatives. In order to improve cereals by a number of economically valuable traits, the hybrid lines of the common wheat (T. aestivum/T. durum and T. aestivum/T. dicoccoides), as well as the triticale lines from the crossing between hexaploid triticale varieties and genome-substituted common wheat forms (in which the D genome is substituted for diploid Aegilops genomes), were obtained by the remote hybridization method. The aim of the study was to identify the lines of common wheat and hexaploid triticale with alien introgressions and to estimate their cytological stability by means of cytological and molecular genetic analyses. The use of the comparative analysis of the chromosome structure by the GISH and FISH methods, microsatellite and chromosome-specific markers for the triticale line genotyping allowed us to establish that the genome reorganization, which includes both introgression of the alien material and the common wheat chromosome rearrangement (resulting in new combinations of the genetic loci), occurs in the process of triticale hybridization with genome-substituted common wheat forms. The efficiency of using microsatellite markers developed on the base of the common wheat genome was demonstrated for the characterization of the T. aestivum/T. durum and T. aestivum/T. dicoccum lines created as a result of interspecific hybridization. From 4 to 12 translocations of different length from the T. durum, T. dicoccum were found in the chromosomes of the A and B genomes of the studied hybrid lines. The meiotic stability was detected in the studied hybrid triticale and wheat material; this created the preconditions for the preservation of alien introgressions in a number of the following generations.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079059716050087", doi = "10.1134/s2079059716050087", openalex = "W2495993962", references = "doi101139g80001" } @article{doi1015835nbha44110224, author = "Arough, Younes Kheirizadeh and Sharifi, Raouf Seyed and Sedghi, Mohammad and Barmaki, Morteza", title = "Effect of Zinc and Bio Fertilizers on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity, Chlorophyll Content, Soluble Sugars and Proline in Triticale Under Salinity Condition", year = "2016", journal = "Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca", abstract = "In order to study the effects of bio fertilizers and zinc fertilizer on antioxidant enzymes activity, chlorophyll content, soluble sugars and proline in triticale under salinity condition, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications under greenhouse condition. Experiment factors were included salinity in four levels [no-salt (control or S0), salinity 20 (S1), 40 (S2) and 60 (S3) mM NaCl) equivalent of 1.85, 3.7 and 5.55 dS m−1 respectively], four bio fertilizers levels (no bio fertilizer (F0), application of mycorrhiza (F1), PGPR (F2), both application PGPR and mycorrhiza (F3) and three nano zinc oxide levels (without nano zinc oxide as control (Zn0), application of 0.4 (Zn1) and 0.8 (Zn2) g lit-1). Results showed that salinity severe stress (60 mM) decreased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and grain yield of triticale, whereas soluble sugars and proline content, the activities of Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) enzymes increased. Results showed that both application of bio fertilizer and 0.8 g lit-1 nano zinc oxide (F3Zn2) increased about 39\% from grain yield in comparison with F0Zn0 under the highest salinity level. Based on the results, it was concluded that bio fertilizers and nano zinc oxide application can be recommended for profitable triticale production under salinity condition.", url = "https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha44110224", doi = "10.15835/nbha44110224", openalex = "W2426141525", references = "doi101016jaaspro201602083" } @article{doi101007s0042501728270, author = "Kalinka, Anna and Achrem, Magdalena", title = "Reorganization of wheat and rye genomes in octoploid triticale (× Triticosecale)", year = "2017", journal = "Planta", abstract = "The analysis of early generations of triticale showed numerous rearrangements of the genome. Complexed transformation included loss of chromosomes, t-heterochromatin content changes and the emergence of retrotransposons in new locations. This study investigated certain aspects of genomic transformations in the early generations (F5 and F8) of the primary octoploid triticale derived from the cross of hexaploid wheat with the diploid rye. Most of the plants tested were hypoploid; among eliminated chromosomes were rye chromosomes 4R and 5R and variable number of wheat chromosomes. Wheat chromosomes were eliminated to a higher extent. The lower content of telomeric heterochromatin was also found in rye chromosomes in comparison with parental rye. Studying the location of selected retrotransposons from Ty1-copia and Ty3-gypsy families using fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed additional locations of these retrotransposons that were not present in chromosomes of parental species. ISSR, IRAP and REMAP analyses showed significant changes at the level of specific DNA nucleotide sequences. In most cases, the disappearance of certain types of bands was observed, less frequently new types of bands appeared, not present in parental species. This demonstrates the scale of genome rearrangement and, above all, the elimination of wheat and rye sequences, largely due to the reduction of chromosome number. With regard to the proportion of wheat to rye genome, the rye genome was more affected by the changes, thus this study was focused more on the rye genome. Observations suggest that genome reorganization is not finished in the F5 generation but is still ongoing in the F8 generation.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-017-2827-0", doi = "10.1007/s00425-017-2827-0", openalex = "W2774265055", references = "doi10100797814615695033, doi102135cropsci19750011183x001500020029x" } @article{doi101016jfoodchem201709009, author = "Zhu, Fan", title = "Triticale: Nutritional composition and food uses", year = "2017", journal = "Food Chemistry", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.009", doi = "10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.009", openalex = "W2753646330", references = "bandara2011protein, doi101002jsfa4338, doi101007s1194701208354, doi101016jfct201111048, doi101016jfoodchem201203046, doi101016jfoodhyd201308018, doi101016jjcs201106010, doi101016jjcs201204004, doi101016jjcs201606016, doi101021jf3000482, doi1010801040839820171287659, doi1010801040869059096, doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi101016s1002016017603096, author = "Vimal, Shobhit Raj and Singh, Jay Shankar and Arora, Naveen Kumar and Singh, Surendra", title = "Soil-Plant-Microbe Interactions in Stressed Agriculture Management: A Review", year = "2017", journal = "Pedosphere", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0160(17)60309-6", doi = "10.1016/s1002-0160(17)60309-6", openalex = "W2591824450", references = "doi101016jmicres201511007" } @article{doi1010801488838620171351892, author = "Dudley, Nigel and Alexander, Sasha", title = "Agriculture and biodiversity: a review", year = "2017", journal = "Biodiversity", abstract = "Agriculture is the largest contributor to biodiversity loss with expanding impacts due to changing consumption patterns and growing populations. Agriculture destroys biodiversity by converting natural habitats to intensely managed systems and by releasing pollutants, including greenhouses gases. Food value chains further amplify impacts including through energy use, transport and waste. Reducing the food system’s toll on biodiversity is a critical challenge. The ‘sparing or sharing’ debate contrasts two response pathways: intensifying agriculture to release other land for protection versus biodiversity-friendly farming over larger areas. Most conservation policies focus on intensification and set-aside but recent research challenges these assumptions. The Global Land Outlook of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification highlights how modern farming is undermining the sustainability of large land areas. Intensification has not solved the biodiversity crisis and has often made it worse. Effective responses must involve both producers and consumers, and require a mixture of conservation, sustainable management and restoration. Agricultural land serves many purposes beyond food production and mechanisms are needed to pay farmers for wider stewardship of land resources. A multifunctional landscape approach balances different needs at a landscape scale while incorporating site-level specificity on land use, demand, and condition. At the same time, consumers play a critical role in reducing unsustainable food waste. Many of the techniques and strategies for biodiversity-friendly farming systems exist; the challenge is to bring them to scale.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2017.1351892", doi = "10.1080/14888386.2017.1351892", openalex = "W2740978266", references = "doi101186s1230201600700" } @article{doi101109mcc20175, author = "Roopaei, Mehdi and Rad, Paul and Choo, Kim‐Kwang Raymond", title = "Cloud of Things in Smart Agriculture: Intelligent Irrigation Monitoring by Thermal Imaging", year = "2017", journal = "IEEE Cloud Computing", abstract = "Thermal imaging has shown potential in assisting many aspects of smart irrigation management. This article examines key technical and legal issues and requirements supporting the use of Cloud of Things for managing water source-related data prior to discussing potential solutions.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/mcc.2017.5", doi = "10.1109/mcc.2017.5", openalex = "W2596004444" } @article{doi101126sciadv1602638, author = "Seufert, Verena and Ramankutty, Navin", title = "Many shades of gray—The context-dependent performance of organic agriculture", year = "2017", journal = "Science Advances", abstract = "Organic agriculture is often proposed as a more sustainable alternative to current conventional agriculture. We assess the current understanding of the costs and benefits of organic agriculture across multiple production, environmental, producer, and consumer dimensions. Organic agriculture shows many potential benefits (including higher biodiversity and improved soil and water quality per unit area, enhanced profitability, and higher nutritional value) as well as many potential costs including lower yields and higher consumer prices. However, numerous important dimensions have high uncertainty, particularly the environmental performance when controlling for lower organic yields, but also yield stability, soil erosion, water use, and labor conditions. We identify conditions that influence the relative performance of organic systems, highlighting areas for increased research and policy support.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1602638", doi = "10.1126/sciadv.1602638", openalex = "W2592363630" } @article{doi103390rs9111110, author = "Adão, Telmo and Hruška, Jonáš and Pádua, Luís and Bessa, José and Peres, Emanuel and Morais, Raul and Sousa, Joaquim J.", title = "Hyperspectral Imaging: A Review on UAV-Based Sensors, Data Processing and Applications for Agriculture and Forestry", year = "2017", journal = "Remote Sensing", abstract = "Traditional imagery—provided, for example, by RGB and/or NIR sensors—has proven to be useful in many agroforestry applications. However, it lacks the spectral range and precision to profile materials and organisms that only hyperspectral sensors can provide. This kind of high-resolution spectroscopy was firstly used in satellites and later in manned aircraft, which are significantly expensive platforms and extremely restrictive due to availability limitations and/or complex logistics. More recently, UAS have emerged as a very popular and cost-effective remote sensing technology, composed of aerial platforms capable of carrying small-sized and lightweight sensors. Meanwhile, hyperspectral technology developments have been consistently resulting in smaller and lighter sensors that can currently be integrated in UAS for either scientific or commercial purposes. The hyperspectral sensors’ ability for measuring hundreds of bands raises complexity when considering the sheer quantity of acquired data, whose usefulness depends on both calibration and corrective tasks occurring in pre- and post-flight stages. Further steps regarding hyperspectral data processing must be performed towards the retrieval of relevant information, which provides the true benefits for assertive interventions in agricultural crops and forested areas. Considering the aforementioned topics and the goal of providing a global view focused on hyperspectral-based remote sensing supported by UAV platforms, a survey including hyperspectral sensors, inherent data processing and applications focusing both on agriculture and forestry—wherein the combination of UAV and hyperspectral sensors plays a center role—is presented in this paper. Firstly, the advantages of hyperspectral data over RGB imagery and multispectral data are highlighted. Then, hyperspectral acquisition devices are addressed, including sensor types, acquisition modes and UAV-compatible sensors that can be used for both research and commercial purposes. Pre-flight operations and post-flight pre-processing are pointed out as necessary to ensure the usefulness of hyperspectral data for further processing towards the retrieval of conclusive information. With the goal of simplifying hyperspectral data processing—by isolating the common user from the processes’ mathematical complexity—several available toolboxes that allow a direct access to level-one hyperspectral data are presented. Moreover, research works focusing the symbiosis between UAV-hyperspectral for agriculture and forestry applications are reviewed, just before the paper’s conclusions.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111110", doi = "10.3390/rs9111110", openalex = "W2765366036" } @article{doi105751es09595220408, author = "Campbell, Bruce and Beare, Douglas and Bennett, Elena M. and Hall‐Spencer, Jason M. and Ingram, John and Jaramillo, Fernando and Ortíz, Rodomiro and Ramankutty, Navin and Sayer, Jeffrey and Shindell, Drew", title = "Agriculture production as a major driver of the Earth system exceeding planetary boundaries", year = "2017", journal = "Ecology and Society", abstract = "Campbell, B. M., D. J. Beare, E. M. Bennett, J. M. Hall-Spencer, J. S. I. Ingram, F. Jaramillo, R. Ortiz, N. Ramankutty, J. A. Sayer, and D. Shindell. 2017. Agriculture production as a major driver of the Earth system exceeding planetary boundaries. Ecology and Society 22(4):8. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09595-220408", url = "https://doi.org/10.5751/es-09595-220408", doi = "10.5751/es-09595-220408", openalex = "W2762931876", references = "doi101098rstb20100149, doi101146annurevenviron020411130608" } @article{doi101007s1103201808043, author = "Tyrka, Mirosław and Oleszczuk, Sylwia and Rabiza-Świder, Julita and Woś, H. and Wędzony, Maria and Zimny, J. and Ponitka, A. and Ślusarkiewicz‐Jarzina, A. and Metzger, R. J. and Baenziger, P. Stephen and Lukaszewski, Adam J.", title = "Populations of doubled haploids for genetic mapping in hexaploid winter triticale", year = "2018", journal = "Molecular Breeding", abstract = "To create a framework for genetic dissection of hexaploid triticale, six populations of doubled haploid (DH) lines were developed from pairwise hybrids of high-yielding winter triticale cultivars. The six populations comprise between 97 and 231 genotyped DH lines each, totaling 957 DH lines. A consensus genetic map spans 4593.9 cM is composed of 1576 unique DArT markers. The maps reveal several structural rearrangements in triticale genomes. In preliminary tests of the populations and maps, markers specific to wheat segments of the engineered rye chromosome 1R (RM1B) were identified. Example QTL mapping of days to heading in cv. Krakowiak revealed loci on chromosomes 2BL and 2R responsible for extended vernalization requirement, and candidate genes were identified. The material is available to all parties interested in triticale genetics.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-018-0804-3", doi = "10.1007/s11032-018-0804-3", openalex = "W2794890400", references = "openalexw2063849688" } @article{doi101016jcompag201802016, author = "Kamilaris, Andreas and Prenafeta‐Boldú, Francesc X.", title = "Deep learning in agriculture: A survey", year = "2018", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2018.02.016", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2018.02.016", openalex = "W2790979755", references = "doi101016jneunet201409003, doi101038nature14539, doi101109cvpr20095206848, doi101109cvpr20157298594, doi101109tkde2009191, doi1011453065386, doi101162089976600300015015, doi101609aaaiv31i111231, doi103389fpls201601419, doi105555303568303704" } @article{doi101016jcompag201805012, author = "Chlingaryan, Anna and Sukkarieh, Salah and Whelan, Brett", title = "Machine learning approaches for crop yield prediction and nitrogen status estimation in precision agriculture: A review", year = "2018", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2018.05.012", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2018.05.012", openalex = "W2805142011" } @article{doi101016jcompag201808001, author = "Patrício, Diego and Rieder, Rafael", title = "Computer vision and artificial intelligence in precision agriculture for grain crops: A systematic review", year = "2018", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2018.08.001", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2018.08.001", openalex = "W2887311010", references = "doi101007978331910590153, doi1010160004370296000070, doi101016jcompag201802016, doi1011095726791, doi101109cvpr201481, doi101109cvpr20157298594, doi101109cvpr201690, doi101109iccv2015169, doi1011453065386, doi105860choice331577" } @article{doi101016jcropro201801007, author = "Gharde, Yogita and Singh, P. K. and Dubey, Rachana and Gupta, Pravin", title = "Assessment of yield and economic losses in agriculture due to weeds in India", year = "2018", journal = "Crop Protection", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2018.01.007", doi = "10.1016/j.cropro.2018.01.007", openalex = "W2783018199" } @article{doi101016jjconrel201812012, author = "Kumar, Sandeep and Nehra, Monika and Dilbaghi, Neeraj and Marrazza, Giovanna and Hassan, Ashraf Aly and Kim, Ki‐Hyun", title = "Nano-based smart pesticide formulations: Emerging opportunities for agriculture", year = "2018", journal = "Journal of Controlled Release", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.12.012", doi = "10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.12.012", openalex = "W2904084259", references = "doi101007s135930120105x" } @article{doi101016jprocs201807063, author = "Mogili, Umamaheswara Rao and Deepak, B. B. V. L.", title = "Review on Application of Drone Systems in Precision Agriculture", year = "2018", journal = "Procedia Computer Science", abstract = "In the present era, there are too many developments in precision agriculture for increasing the crop productivity. Especially, in the developing countries like India, over 70\% of the rural people depends upon the agriculture fields. The agriculture fields faces dramatic losses due to the diseases. These diseases came from the pests and insets, which reduces the productivity of the crops. Pesticides and fertilizers are used to kill the insects and pests in order to enhance the crop quality. The WHO (World Health Organization) estimated as one million cases of ill effected, when spraying the pesticides in the crop filed manually. The Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) – aircrafts are used to spray the pesticides to avoid the health problems of humans when they spray manually. UAVs can be used easily, where the equipment and labors difficulty to operate. This paper reviews briefly the implementation of UAVs for crop monitoring and pesticide spraying.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.063", doi = "10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.063", openalex = "W2883113516" } @article{doi101016jtplants201811007, author = "Maes, Wouter H. and Steppe, Kathy", title = "Perspectives for Remote Sensing with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Precision Agriculture", year = "2018", journal = "Trends in Plant Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2018.11.007", doi = "10.1016/j.tplants.2018.11.007", openalex = "W2904027073" } @article{doi1022616rrd242018047, author = "Jaśkiewicz, B. and Szczepanek, Malgorzata", title = "Amino acids content in triticale grain depending on meteorological, agrotechnical and genetic factors", year = "2018", journal = "Research for Rural Development/Research for Rural Development (Online)", abstract = "The field studies were conducted in the years of 2011 and 2014 at the Experimental Station in Osiny, Poland. Triticale (Triticosecale) is a valuable fodder cereal with a high nutritional value of grains. It can also gain importance as a consumer cereal, providing the body with the necessary amino acids. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of precipitation and temperature conditions in the harvest year, agronomic factors (intensive or integrated type of production) and the percentage of cereals in crop rotation (50, 75 and 100\%) on the amino acid content of two winter triticale cultivars ('Pizarro' and 'Pigmej') as well as to determine the nutritive value of the protein: chemical score (CS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI). Our studies have shown that although the amino acid content of winter triticale is strongly genetically determined, it also depends on weather and agrotechnical factors. Precipitation and temperature factors had the biggest effect on the tyrosine (Tyr) content. The contents of essential and non-essential amino acids in triticale grains and EAAI value were higher under intensive technology, with 50\% of cereal grains in the crop rotation, and in the traditional cultivar 'Pizarro' as compared to the dwarf one 'Pigmej'. The most important amino acids that limit the quality of protein in the grain are lysine (Lys) and tryptophan (Trp). Using intensive technology, reducing the cereal percentage of cereals in the crop rotation and selecting a proper cultivar, it is possible to maximize the content of the desired essential and non-essential amino acids in the triticale grains, and thereby improve their feed and consumer value.", url = "https://doi.org/10.22616/rrd.24.2018.047", doi = "10.22616/rrd.24.2018.047", openalex = "W2920840222", references = "openalexw2189367984" } @article{doi103389fpls201801130, author = "Ayalew, Habtamu and Kumssa, Tadele T. and Butler, Twain J. and Ma, Xuefeng", title = "Triticale Improvement for Forage and Cover Crop Uses in the Southern Great Plains of the United States", year = "2018", journal = "Frontiers in Plant Science", abstract = "Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a man-made species developed by crossing wheat (Triticum spp.) and rye (Secale cereale L.). It incorporates favorable alleles from both progenitor species (wheat and rye), enabling adaptation to environments that are less favorable for wheat yet providing better biomass yield and forage quality. Triticale has huge potential for both grain and forage production, though research to improve the crop for better adaptation and grain quality is lagging behind that of other small grains. It is also gaining popularity as a cover crop to improve soil health and reduce nutrient leaching. Because of its genetic and flower structure, triticale is suitable for both line and hybrid breeding methods. Advances in the areas of molecular biology and the wealth of genomic resources from both wheat and rye can be exploited for triticale improvement. Gene mapping and genomic selection will facilitate triticale breeding by increasing selection precision and reducing time and cost. The objectives of this review are to summarize current triticale production status, breeding, and genetics research achievements and to highlight gaps for future research.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01130", doi = "10.3389/fpls.2018.01130", openalex = "W2883516128", references = "doi10100797803877229799, doi101007bf00228683, doi101556crc42201431, openalexw2063849688" } @article{doi103390molecules23040795, author = "Manyi-Loh, Christy E. and Mamphweli, Sampson and Meyer, Edson L. and Okoh, Anthony I.", title = "Antibiotic Use in Agriculture and Its Consequential Resistance in Environmental Sources: Potential Public Health Implications", year = "2018", journal = "Molecules", abstract = "Due to the increased demand of animal protein in developing countries, intensive farming is instigated, which results in antibiotic residues in animal-derived products, and eventually, antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance is of great public health concern because the antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with the animals may be pathogenic to humans, easily transmitted to humans via food chains, and widely disseminated in the environment via animal wastes. These may cause complicated, untreatable, and prolonged infections in humans, leading to higher healthcare cost and sometimes death. In the said countries, antibiotic resistance is so complex and difficult, due to irrational use of antibiotics both in the clinical and agriculture settings, low socioeconomic status, poor sanitation and hygienic status, as well as that zoonotic bacterial pathogens are not regularly cultured, and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics are scarcely investigated (poor surveillance systems). The challenges that follow are of local, national, regional, and international dimensions, as there are no geographic boundaries to impede the spread of antibiotic resistance. In addition, the information assembled in this study through a thorough review of published findings, emphasized the presence of antibiotics in animal-derived products and the phenomenon of multidrug resistance in environmental samples. This therefore calls for strengthening of regulations that direct antibiotic manufacture, distribution, dispensing, and prescription, hence fostering antibiotic stewardship. Joint collaboration across the world with international bodies is needed to assist the developing countries to implement good surveillance of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040795", doi = "10.3390/molecules23040795", openalex = "W2794891594", references = "doi101073pnas1503141112" } @article{doi103390s18082674, author = "Λιάκος, Κωνσταντίνος and Busato, Patrizia and Moshou, Dimitrios and Pearson, Simon and Bochtis, Dionysis", title = "Machine Learning in Agriculture: A Review", year = "2018", journal = "Sensors", abstract = "Machine learning has emerged with big data technologies and high-performance computing to create new opportunities for data intensive science in the multi-disciplinary agri-technologies domain. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of research dedicated to applications of machine learning in agricultural production systems. The works analyzed were categorized in (a) crop management, including applications on yield prediction, disease detection, weed detection crop quality, and species recognition; (b) livestock management, including applications on animal welfare and livestock production; (c) water management; and (d) soil management. The filtering and classification of the presented articles demonstrate how agriculture will benefit from machine learning technologies. By applying machine learning to sensor data, farm management systems are evolving into real time artificial intelligence enabled programs that provide rich recommendations and insights for farmer decision support and action.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/s18082674", doi = "10.3390/s18082674", openalex = "W2885770726" } @book{doi1043249781351114417, title = "Integrated weed management for sustainable agriculture", year = "2018", abstract = "Increased world population will demand more food production, less water-consuming crops, better crop production techniques and better strategies for weed control.More production with rational use of available resources should enhance food security.Here, we review weed management approaches, which vary from crop to crop, with focus on organic weed management, non-chemical weed control, cover crops and allelopathy.Weeding practice in any crop depends on crop factors such as position in rotation, plant spacing and architecture; on field factors such as soil type and weed seed bank history; and on seasonal factors, e.g.rainfall.Crop losses can be reduced by integrated weed management with resistant crop varieties, rational use of agrochemicals, biocontrol agents, allelopathic crops, crop rotation and better cultural practices.Complementary weed control methods include grazing, herbicide application, land fallowing, biological control, cover crops, inclusion of competitive ability of crops, mechanical weeding, sowing time adjustment, irrigation methods, mulching and intercropping.", url = "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351114417", doi = "10.4324/9781351114417", openalex = "W2779781620", references = "doi103390agronomy10010099" } @incollection{doi101007978303023108811, author = "Mergoum, Mohamed and Sapkota, Suraj and ElDoliefy, Ahmed ElFatih A. and Naraghi, Sepehr Mohajeri and Pirseyedi, Seyed Mostafa and Alamri, Mohammed and AbuHammad, Wesam A.", title = "Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) Breeding", year = "2019", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23108-8\_11", doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-23108-8\_11", openalex = "W2980056549", references = "doi10100797803877229799, doi101556crc42201431" } @article{doi101007s1103201909907, author = "Chen, Ying and Gong, Biran and Xi, Ling and Tang, Lin and Zhu, Wei and Xu, Lili and Zeng, Jian and Wang, Yi and Fan, Xing and Sha, Lina and Chen, Guoyue and Zhang, Haiqin and Zhou, Yonghong and Kang, Houyang", title = "Effective introgression of wheat D-genome chromosomes into hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm.) using trigeneric hybrids", year = "2019", journal = "Molecular Breeding", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-019-0990-7", doi = "10.1007/s11032-019-0990-7", openalex = "W2946002168", references = "doi101111j143905231992tb00144x" } @article{doi101016jaiia201905004, author = "Jha, Kirtan and Doshi, Aalap and Patel, Poojan and Shah, Manan", title = "A comprehensive review on automation in agriculture using artificial intelligence", year = "2019", journal = "Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture", abstract = "Agriculture automation is the main concern and emerging subject for every country. The world population is increasing at a very fast rate and with increase in population the need for food increases briskly. Traditional methods used by farmers aren't sufficient enough to serve the increasing demand and so they have to hamper the soil by using harmful pesticides in an intensified manner. This affects the agricultural practice a lot and in the end the land remains barren with no fertility. This paper talks about different automation practices like IOT, Wireless Communications, Machine learning and Artificial Intelligence, Deep learning. There are some areas which are causing the problems to agriculture field like crop diseases, lack of storage management, pesticide control, weed management, lack of irrigation and water management and all this problems can be solved by above mentioned different techniques. Today, there is an urgent need to decipher the issues like use of harmful pesticides, controlled irrigation, control on pollution and effects of environment in agricultural practice. Automation of farming practices has proved to increase the gain from the soil and also has strengthened the soil fertility. This paper surveys the work of many researchers to get a brief overview about the current implementation of automation in agriculture. The paper also discusses a proposed system which can be implemented in botanical farm for flower and leaf identification and watering using IOT.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiia.2019.05.004", doi = "10.1016/j.aiia.2019.05.004", openalex = "W2950944546", references = "doi101016jcompag201801009, doi101016jcompag201802016, doi101016jprocs201607275, doi101016s0168169903000760, doi101016s1364815299000079, doi101109mcc20175, doi101109tim2008917198, doi101109tim20132276487, doi101109wts20177943540, doi105897sre10949" } @article{doi101016jjhazmat2019121525, author = "Singh, Amrita and Dhiman, Nitesh and Kar, Aditya K. and Singh, Divya and Purohit, Mahaveer P. and Ghosh, Debabrata and Patnaik, Satyakam", title = "Advances in controlled release pesticide formulations: Prospects to safer integrated pest management and sustainable agriculture", year = "2019", journal = "Journal of Hazardous Materials", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121525", doi = "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121525", openalex = "W2989079286", references = "doi101007s135930120105x" } @article{doi101016jnjas2019100315, author = "Klerkx, Laurens and Jakku, Emma and Labarthe, Pierre", title = "A review of social science on digital agriculture, smart farming and agriculture 4.0: New contributions and a future research agenda", year = "2019", journal = "NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences", abstract = "While there is a lot of literature from a natural or technical sciences perspective on different forms of digitalization in agriculture (big data, internet of things, augmented reality, robotics, sensors, 3D printing, system integration, ubiquitous connectivity, artificial intelligence, digital twins, and blockchain among others), social science researchers have recently started investigating different aspects of digital agriculture in relation to farm production systems, value chains and food systems. This has led to a burgeoning but scattered social science body of literature. There is hence lack of overview of how this field of study is developing, and what are established, emerging, and new themes and topics. This is where this article aims to make a contribution, beyond introducing this special issue which presents seventeen articles dealing with social, economic and institutional dynamics of precision farming, digital agriculture, smart farming or agriculture 4.0. An exploratory literature review shows that five thematic clusters of extant social science literature on digitalization in agriculture can be identified: 1) Adoption, uses and adaptation of digital technologies on farm; 2) Effects of digitalization on farmer identity, farmer skills, and farm work; 3) Power, ownership, privacy and ethics in digitalizing agricultural production systems and value chains; 4) Digitalization and agricultural knowledge and innovation systems (AKIS); and 5) Economics and management of digitalized agricultural production systems and value chains. The main contributions of the special issue articles are mapped against these thematic clusters, revealing new insights on the link between digital agriculture and farm diversity, new economic, business and institutional arrangements both on-farm, in the value chain and food system, and in the innovation system, and emerging ways to ethically govern digital agriculture. Emerging lines of social science enquiry within these thematic clusters are identified and new lines are suggested to create a future research agenda on digital agriculture, smart farming and agriculture 4.0. Also, four potential new thematic social science clusters are also identified, which so far seem weakly developed: 1) Digital agriculture socio-cyber-physical-ecological systems conceptualizations; 2) Digital agriculture policy processes; 3) Digitally enabled agricultural transition pathways; and 4) Global geography of digital agriculture development. This future research agenda provides ample scope for future interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary science on precision farming, digital agriculture, smart farming and agriculture 4.0.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2019.100315", doi = "10.1016/j.njas.2019.100315", openalex = "W2990272218", references = "doi101016jcompag201808001" } @article{doi101016jplantsci2019110270, author = "Zulfiqar, Faisal and Navarro, M. M. Riquelme and Ashraf, Muhammad and Akram, Nudrat Aisha and Munné‐Bosch, Sergi", title = "Nanofertilizer use for sustainable agriculture: Advantages and limitations", year = "2019", journal = "Plant Science", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110270", doi = "10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110270", openalex = "W2973451381", references = "doi101038nature15743" } @book{doi1012019781351072519, author = "Pimentel, David", title = "Handbook of Energy Utilization In Agriculture", year = "2019", abstract = "The aim of this volume is to collect and present available data, both published and unpublished, on energy use in agriculture and forestry production. Energy analyses for some sciences such as ecology are not new, but their applications to agriculture started in 1973. These analyses have grown rapidly in number and complexity. This handbook is intended for agriculturalists and others concerned with energy use in crop, livestock, and forestry production.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351072519", doi = "10.1201/9781351072519", openalex = "W1562018214" } @article{doi1020431245462240509002, author = "Zakir, Mohammedsani and Belete, Tegegn and Aufhammer, G and Schneider, R and Fischbeck, G and Gobeze, L and Legese, H and Daniel, M and Koebner, R and Martin, P and Krolow and Krolow, K and Krolow, K and Krolow, K and Mergoum, M and Pfeiffer, W and a, R Pen and Ammar, K and Rajaram, S and Mergoum, M and Ryan, J and Shroyer, J and Muluken, B and Wondale, L and Gashu, K and Sharie, G and Teshager, A and Alemneh, M and Muntzing and Mntzing, A and Myer, R and Osborne, L and Rengel, Z and a, R Pen and Saxena, A and Bakhshi, A and Sehgal, K and Sandha, G and Sayre, K and Pfeiffer, W and Mergoum, M and Singh, R and Saari, E and Skovmand, B and Fox, P and Villareal, R and Varughese, G and Pfeiffer, W and a, R Pen and Vettel, F and Zakir, Tegegn Mohammedsani and Belete and Wallwork, H and Zillinsky, F and Borlaug, N", title = "Review on History and Achievements of Triticale Breeding Status in Ethiopia", year = "2019", journal = "International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences", url = "https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0509002", doi = "10.20431/2454-6224.0509002", openalex = "W4249088417", references = "doi101007978940090329656, doi101007bf00023304, doi101016s0065211308604502, doi101111j160152231939tb02704x, doi1020431245462240509002, openalexw1727080593, openalexw603407191, openalexw624256473, skovmand1984triticale" } @article{doi103390info10110349, author = "Tsouros, Dimosthenis C. and Bibi, Stamatia and Sarigiannidis, Panagiotis", title = "A Review on UAV-Based Applications for Precision Agriculture", year = "2019", journal = "Information", abstract = "Emerging technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) can provide significant potential in Smart Farming and Precision Agriculture applications, enabling the acquisition of real-time environmental data. IoT devices such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be exploited in a variety of applications related to crops management, by capturing high spatial and temporal resolution images. These technologies are expected to revolutionize agriculture, enabling decision-making in days instead of weeks, promising significant reduction in cost and increase in the yield. Such decisions enable the effective application of farm inputs, supporting the four pillars of precision agriculture, i.e., apply the right practice, at the right place, at the right time and with the right quantity. However, the actual proliferation and exploitation of UAVs in Smart Farming has not been as robust as expected mainly due to the challenges confronted when selecting and deploying the relevant technologies, including the data acquisition and image processing methods. The main problem is that still there is no standardized workflow for the use of UAVs in such applications, as it is a relatively new area. In this article, we review the most recent applications of UAVs for Precision Agriculture. We discuss the most common applications, the types of UAVs exploited and then we focus on the data acquisition methods and technologies, appointing the benefits and drawbacks of each one. We also point out the most popular processing methods of aerial imagery and discuss the outcomes of each method and the potential applications of each one in the farming operations.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/info10110349", doi = "10.3390/info10110349", openalex = "W2983056308", references = "doi101007s1111901292745, doi101016jbiosystemseng201208009, doi101016jcompag201802016, doi101016jgeomorph201208021, doi101016jprocs201807063, doi101016jtplants201811007, doi10108002757259509532298, doi10115520171353691, doi103390rs9111110, doi103390s18082674" } @article{doi103390su11215915, author = "Bielski, Stanisław and Romaneckas, Kęstutis and Novikova, Anastasija and Šarauskis, Egidijus", title = "Are Higher Input Levels to Triticale Growing Technologies Effective in Biofuel Production System?", year = "2019", journal = "Sustainability", abstract = "Energy use in agricultural production has been increasing faster than in many other sectors of the world economy. Owing to high energy consumption during the production of agricultural inputs, with mineral nitrogen fertilizers in particular, it is often questioned as to whether agricultural production is still energy efficient. The objective of this research was to evaluate the energy efficiency of different intensity systems for the production of semi-dwarf winter triticale cultivar ”Twingo”. Cultivar “Twingo” entered the Polish National List in 2012 as one of the best yielding. For this reason, it was used in this experiment to examine its response to basic agrotechnical factors. The field experiment was conducted in the Agricultural Experiment Station in Tomaszkowo in 2013–2015. Low-input, medium-input and high-input production systems were evaluated. The compared systems differed in nitrogen fertilization rates and the level of fungicide protection. The highest output/input ratio was noticed growing winter triticale in low-input production system. The most energy-consuming operation during winter triticale production in the compared systems was mineral fertilization. The high-input production system was significantly lower energy efficiency than the other systems (6.21, medium-input 5.95, low-input 8.19). The energy return on investment (EROI) ratio was low, but above 1, in all the analyzed technologies (low-input 1.30, medium-input 1.14, high-input 1.15). The energy value of the bioethanol produced was higher than the energy inputs into the production of raw material and its processing. The conversion of winter triticale grain to bioethanol proved that the EROI reached the most favorable value for the low-input production system.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/su11215915", doi = "10.3390/su11215915", openalex = "W2981815982", references = "doi101016jaaspro201602083" } @incollection{doi101016bsagron202002001, author = "Mącik, Mateusz and Gryta, Agata and Frąc, Magdalena", title = "Biofertilizers in agriculture: An overview on concepts, strategies and effects on soil microorganisms", year = "2020", booktitle = "Advances in agronomy", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2020.02.001", doi = "10.1016/bs.agron.2020.02.001", openalex = "W3015144564", references = "doi101016jmicres201511007" } @article{doi101016jaiia202004002, author = "Talaviya, Tanha and Shah, Dhara and Patel, Nivedita and Yagnik, Hiteshri and Shah, Manan", title = "Implementation of artificial intelligence in agriculture for optimisation of irrigation and application of pesticides and herbicides", year = "2020", journal = "Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture", abstract = "Agriculture plays a significant role in the economic sector. The automation in agriculture is the main concern and the emerging subject across the world. The population is increasing tremendously and with this increase the demand of food and employment is also increasing. The traditional methods which were used by the farmers, were not sufficient enough to fulfill these requirements. Thus, new automated methods were introduced. These new methods satisfied the food requirements and also provided employment opportunities to billions of people. Artificial Intelligence in agriculture has brought an agriculture revolution. This technology has protected the crop yield from various factors like the climate changes, population growth, employment issues and the food security problems. This main concern of this paper is to audit the various applications of Artificial intelligence in agriculture such as for irrigation, weeding, spraying with the help of sensors and other means embedded in robots and drones. These technologies saves the excess use of water, pesticides, herbicides, maintains the fertility of the soil, also helps in the efficient use of man power and elevate the productivity and improve the quality. This paper surveys the work of many researchers to get a brief overview about the current implementation of automation in agriculture, the weeding systems through the robots and drones. The various soil water sensing methods are discussed along with two automated weeding techniques. The implementation of drones is discussed, the various methods used by drones for spraying and crop-monitoring is also discussed in this paper.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiia.2020.04.002", doi = "10.1016/j.aiia.2020.04.002", openalex = "W3019464069", references = "doi101016jaiia201905004" } @article{doi101016jcomnet2020107148, author = "Radoglou‐Grammatikis, Panagiotis and Sarigiannidis, Panagiotis and Λάγκας, Θωμάς and Moscholios, Ioannis D.", title = "A compilation of UAV applications for precision agriculture", year = "2020", journal = "Computer Networks", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107148", doi = "10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107148", openalex = "W3005863531", references = "doi101007s0019000803003, doi101016jcompag201808001" } @article{doi101016jcopbio202009003, author = "Jung, Jinha and Maeda, Murilo and Chang, Anjin and Bhandari, Mahendra and Ashapure, Akash and Landivar-Bowles, Juan", title = "The potential of remote sensing and artificial intelligence as tools to improve the resilience of agriculture production systems", year = "2020", journal = "Current Opinion in Biotechnology", abstract = "Modern agriculture and food production systems are facing increasing pressures from climate change, land and water availability, and, more recently, a pandemic. These factors are threatening the environmental and economic sustainability of current and future food supply systems. Scientific and technological innovations are needed more than ever to secure enough food for a fast-growing global population. Scientific advances have led to a better understanding of how various components of the agricultural system interact, from the cell to the field level. Despite incredible advances in genetic tools over the past few decades, our ability to accurately assess crop status in the field, at scale, has been severely lacking until recently. Thanks to recent advances in remote sensing and Artificial Intelligence (AI), we can now quantify field scale phenotypic information accurately and integrate the big data into predictive and prescriptive management tools. This review focuses on the use of recent technological advances in remote sensing and AI to improve the resilience of agricultural systems, and we will present a unique opportunity for the development of prescriptive tools needed to address the next decade's agricultural and human nutrition challenges.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2020.09.003", doi = "10.1016/j.copbio.2020.09.003", openalex = "W3092075612", references = "doi103390info10110349" } @article{doi101109access20203048415, author = "Sharma, Abhinav and Jain, Arpit and Gupta, Prateek and Chowdary, Vinay", title = "Machine Learning Applications for Precision Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review", year = "2020", journal = "IEEE Access", abstract = "Agriculture plays a vital role in the economic growth of any country. With the increase of population, frequent changes in climatic conditions and limited resources, it becomes a challenging task to fulfil the food requirement of the present population. Precision agriculture also known as smart farming have emerged as an innovative tool to address current challenges in agricultural sustainability. The mechanism that drives this cutting edge technology is machine learning (ML). It gives the machine ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. ML together with IoT (Internet of Things) enabled farm machinery are key components of the next agriculture revolution. In this article, authors present a systematic review of ML applications in the field of agriculture. The areas that are focused are prediction of soil parameters such as organic carbon and moisture content, crop yield prediction, disease and weed detection in crops and species detection. ML with computer vision are reviewed for the classification of a different set of crop images in order to monitor the crop quality and yield assessment. This approach can be integrated for enhanced livestock production by predicting fertility patterns, diagnosing eating disorders, cattle behaviour based on ML models using data collected by collar sensors, etc. Intelligent irrigation which includes drip irrigation and intelligent harvesting techniques are also reviewed that reduces human labour to a great extent. This article demonstrates how knowledge-based agriculture can improve the sustainable productivity and quality of the product.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3048415", doi = "10.1109/access.2020.3048415", openalex = "W3120697286", references = "doi101016jaiia201905004, doi103389fpls201601419" } @article{doi101109tii20203003910, author = "Liu, Ye and Ma, Xiaoyuan and Shu, Lei and Hancke, Gerhard P. and Abu‐Mahfouz, Adnan M.", title = "From Industry 4.0 to Agriculture 4.0: Current Status, Enabling Technologies, and Research Challenges", year = "2020", journal = "IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics", abstract = "The three previous industrial revolutions profoundly transformed agriculture industry from indigenous farming to mechanized farming and recent precision agriculture. Industrial farming paradigm greatly improves productivity, but a number of challenges have gradually emerged, which have exacerbated in recent years. Industry 4.0 is expected to reshape the agriculture industry once again and promote the fourth agricultural revolution. In this article, first, we review the current status of industrial agriculture along with lessons learned from industrialized agricultural production patterns, industrialized agricultural production processes, and the industrialized agri-food supply chain. Furthermore, five emerging technologies, namely the Internet of Things, robotics, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and blockchain, toward Agriculture 4.0 are discussed. Specifically, we focus on the key applications of these emerging technologies in the agricultural sector and corresponding research challenges. This article aims to open up new research opportunities for readers, particularly industrial practitioners.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2020.3003910", doi = "10.1109/tii.2020.3003910", openalex = "W3035883408", references = "doi101016jrse2019111402" } @article{doi1021005asp202019203, author = "Biel, Wioletta and Kazimierska, Katarzyna and Bashutskа, U.", title = "NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF WHEAT, TRITICALE, BARLEY AND OAT GRAINS", year = "2020", journal = "Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica", abstract = "Cereals are the main source of carbohydrates in the human diet, providing the major source of energy and contributing significantly to protein intake. Cereals make up the bigger part of crop production. The chemical composition of cereals depends on agrotechnical factors that affect the quality of grain. Naked oat has the highest protein content. The analysis of crude fat in the grain revealed that the highest values were identified for naked oat and the lowest -in the triticale. The study showed the differences in the profile of amino acids of grain of wheat, triticale, barley and oats. The content and composition of dietary fiber are factors determining the quality of cereal and cereal products. The content of different fiber fractions is also varying in each other cereals. Cereal grain is a source of numerous mineral compounds. Consumption of whole grain cereal products is associated with higher diet quality and nutrient-dense foods.", url = "https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2020.19.2.03", doi = "10.21005/asp.2020.19.2.03", openalex = "W3090069874", references = "doi101007s0039400806987, doi101016jjcs200706006, doi101016jmam200507013, doi101016jprocbio200605011, doi101016jtplants200806005, doi101046j14698137200300820x, doi101093ajcn8051237, doi101093jxberp058, doi101371journalpone0156362, doi103945ajcn200928191" } @article{doi103390agronomy10020279, author = "Bielski, Stanisław and Romaneckas, Kęstutis and Šarauskis, Egidijus", title = "Impact of Nitrogen and Boron Fertilization on Winter Triticale Productivity Parameters", year = "2020", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "Research related to fertilization in winter triticale cultivation was limited to macroelements. The effects of boron on triticale (deficiency or toxicity) affecting productivity are still unknown. In 2013–2015, a field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo near Olsztyn. The objective was set response of winter triticale variety Pigmej under the influence of various levels of nitrogen (N) and boron (B) fertilization. Five levels of nitrogen fertilization: 0, 40, 80 (50 + 30), 120 (90 + 30), and 160 (90 + 70) kg ha−1 and four levels of boron fertilization: 0, 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 kg ha−1 were tested. The experiment has demonstrated considerable differences in the grain yield volume and structure under the influence of various weather conditions and different doses of nitrogen. The difference between the highest and lowest grain yield was 1.7 t ha−1—53.6\%. The effect of boron application was also manifested as an increase in the winter triticale grain yield and improved yield component structure, but the statistically significant differences were observed only in ears number per 1 m2. The highest dose of boron applied in the experiment caused a decrease in the quantity of grain yield and its component parts.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020279", doi = "10.3390/agronomy10020279", openalex = "W3006514348", references = "doi101016jjcs201204004, openalexw2189367984" } @article{doi103390agronomy10040605, author = "Mgolozeli, Sibongiseni and Nciizah, Adornis D. and Wakindiki, I. I. C. and Mudau, Fhatuwani N.", title = "Innovative Pro-Smallholder Farmers’ Permanent Mulch for Better Soil Quality and Food Security Under Conservation Agriculture", year = "2020", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "Soil degradation is the greatest threat to agricultural production globally. The practice of applying or retaining crop residues in the field as mulch is imperative to prevent soil erosion, maintain soil quality and improve crop productivity. However, smallholder farmers resort to maximizing profit by removing crop residues after harvest to sell or use them as feed for livestock. Agrimats are innovative pro-smallholder farming mulching materials that are manufactured using cheap or freely available organic waste materials. These materials include forestry waste, grasses, etc., therefore allowing smallholder farmers to make more profit through improved crop productivity for better food security. The most notable attributes of agrimats include their ability to prevent soil erosion, increase and sustain soil organic matter, suppress weeds, and conserve soil moisture. Food security challenge can be addressed by adopting agrimat technology as a sustainable permanent soil cover to improve soil quality and crop productivity. Agrimat incorporation in conservation agriculture practice could produce more food from less input resources (chemical fertilizers, water, etc.) with minimal or no adverse effect on the environment. This study aims to advocate permanent soil cover using agrimat as an innovative pro-smallholder farmer technology to improve soil quality for better food security.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040605", doi = "10.3390/agronomy10040605", openalex = "W3019444278" } @article{doi103390agronomy10050641, author = "Segarra, Joel and Buchaillot, Ma. Luisa and Araus, J. L. and Kefauver, Shawn C.", title = "Remote Sensing for Precision Agriculture: Sentinel-2 Improved Features and Applications", year = "2020", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "The use of satellites to monitor crops and support their management is gathering increasing attention. The improved temporal, spatial, and spectral resolution of the European Space Agency (ESA) launched Sentinel-2 A + B twin platform is paving the way to their popularization in precision agriculture. Besides the Sentinel-2 A + B constellation technical features the open-access nature of the information they generate, and the available support software are a significant improvement for agricultural monitoring. This paper was motivated by the challenges faced by researchers and agrarian institutions entering this field; it aims to frame remote sensing principles and Sentinel-2 applications in agriculture. Thus, we reviewed the features and uses of Sentinel-2 in precision agriculture, including abiotic and biotic stress detection, and agricultural management. We also compared the panoply of satellites currently in use for land remote sensing that are relevant for agriculture to the Sentinel-2 A + B constellation features. Contrasted with previous satellite image systems, the Sentinel-2 A + B twin platform has dramatically increased the capabilities for agricultural monitoring and crop management worldwide. Regarding crop stress monitoring, Sentinel-2 capacities for abiotic and biotic stresses detection represent a great step forward in many ways though not without its limitations; therefore, combinations of field data and different remote sensing techniques may still be needed. We conclude that Sentinel-2 has a wide range of useful applications in agriculture, yet still with room for further improvements. Current and future ways that Sentinel-2 can be utilized are also discussed.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10050641", doi = "10.3390/agronomy10050641", openalex = "W3023149787", references = "doi101016jrse2019111402" } @article{doi103390agronomy10060757, author = "Rajičić, Vera and Popović, Vera and Perišić, Vesna and Biberdžić, M. and Јоvоvić, Zоrаn and Gudžić, Nebojša and Mihailović, Vojislav and Čolić, Vladislava and Đurić, Nenad and Terzić, Dragan", title = "Impact of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Grain Yield in Winter Triticale Grown on Degraded Vertisol", year = "2020", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) the effects of fertilization, environment, and their interactions on the thousand grain weight (TGW), hectolitre weight (HW) and grain yield (GY) of winter triticale, and (2) the correlations between these traits in different environments. The invariable nitrogen (80 kg N ha−1), potassium (60 kg K2O ha−1) and two phosphorus (60 and 100 kg P2O5 ha−1) doses were used in Kragujevac location in central Serbia. Nitrogen was applied individually and in combination with two phosphorus rates and one rate of potassium fertilizer. Eight fertilization treatment controls and N80, P60, P100, N80P60K60, N80P100K60, N80P60 and N80P100 were examined during three growing seasons. The yield and quality of triticale significantly varied across years and treatments. The average yield of all treatments in the 2015 growing season was significantly greater than in the previous years (3.597 t ha−1). Combined usage of NPK fertilizer (80 kg N ha−1, 100 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 60 kg K2O ha−1) represented the excellent base for optimum supply of major nutrients, resulting in maximum GY (4.0 t ha−1). Negative and significant correlation was found between grain GY and TGW (−0.392*) in 2015, and positive highly significant correlation were in 2013 (0.648**) and 2014 (0.493**). The positive effect over complete application of fertilizer is the result of a lower pH value of the soil, as well as the low content of available phosphorus and potassium in Vertisol soil type. Optimizing fertilization for maximum profitability is of great importance in the future triticale production in Pannonian Environments.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060757", doi = "10.3390/agronomy10060757", openalex = "W3029079931", references = "openalexw2189367984" } @article{doi103390agronomy10081144, author = "Feledyn-Szewczyk, Beata and Nakielska, Małgorzata and Jończyk, K. and Berbeć, Adam Kleofas and Kopiński, Jerzy", title = "Assessment of the Suitability of 10 Winter Triticale Cultivars (x Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus) for Organic Agriculture: Polish Case Study", year = "2020", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "The aim of the study was to compare 10 winter triticale varieties according to their traits useful for cultivation in organic farming. The study was carried out in the years 2014–2017 in the experimental organic farm of the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation–State Research Institute in Pulawy (Poland). The highest-yielding varieties under organic conditions were Pizarro and Subito. Borowik cultivar showed the highest competitive ability against weeds. The highest number of weeds was found in the Leontyno cultivar, which was connected to the lowest plant density, the lowest weight of the above-ground parts of the canopy and smaller value of tillering coefficient. The most affected by the fungal pathogens Drechslera tritici-repentis (Died.) Shoem. and Puccinia striiformis Schwein. were Fredro and Algoso. Cluster analyses indicated that the most useful cultivars for cultivation in the organic system were: Borowik, Subito, and Tomko, which all showed higher yielding potential, bigger competitiveness against weeds, and average resistance against fungal pathogens. Pizarro, Tulus, and Twingo, which showed high resistance to fungal pathogens with lower competitiveness to weeds, were classified to the second group of usefulness. The least useful for the organic system were: Algoso, Fredro, Grenado, and Leontyno.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081144", doi = "10.3390/agronomy10081144", openalex = "W3047219180", references = "doi101007s1068100896909, doi101007s1068100897154, doi101007s13165019002493, doi101016jaaspro201602083, doi101016jfoodchem201709009, doi101016jmeatsci200612002, doi101111j174473481987tb03275x, doi1024326asx201812, doi103390agronomy10010099, openalexw2189367984" } @article{doi103390agronomy10121900, author = "Feledyn-Szewczyk, Beata and Cacak‐Pietrzak, Grażyna and Lenc, L. and Stalenga, Jarosław", title = "Rating of Spring Wheat Varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) According to Their Suitability for Organic Agriculture", year = "2020", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "The selection of a proper variety is one of the main factors influencing the quantity and quality of cereal grain yield in organic agriculture. The aim of the study was to determine the suitability of 13 varieties of spring wheat for cultivation in organic farming according to their competitive potential against weeds, susceptibility to fungal diseases and grain yield. Due to the large share of cereals in organic farms both in Poland and in Europe, the research results could be applied by organic farming system farmers and advisors. High-yielding varieties in the organic system were: KWS Torridon, Kandela, Arabella, Zadra and Waluta. The KWS Torridon and Kandela varieties were resistant to fungal pathogens infestation, while Brawura, Izera, Korynta and Ostka Smolicka showed the highest infestation rate. Ethos variety yields were the lowest due to its low plant density, with a high weed infestation rate. The wheat yields proved to be significantly correlated with plant density and the thousand grain weight, but no significant negative effects of weed infestation and pathogen infestation were found. A synthesis of the three-year results showed that the varieties most useful for organic farming were: Arabella, KWS Torridon, Kandela, Katoda, Waluta and Zadra.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121900", doi = "10.3390/agronomy10121900", openalex = "W3109002479", references = "doi101007s1068100896909, doi101007s1068100897154, doi101007s1088601302476, doi101016jnjas201004001, doi101017cbo9780511615146, doi101046j13653180200200277x, doi101111j136531801996tb01679x, doi101111j13653180200400442x, doi101111j174473481987tb03275x, doi103390agriculture10090413, doi103390agronomy10081144, openalexw1587627133" } @article{doi103390foods9121837, author = "Galoburda, Ruta and Straumīte, Evita and Šabovics, Mārtiņš and Krūma, Zanda", title = "Dynamics of Volatile Compounds in Triticale Bread with Sourdough: From Flour to Bread", year = "2020", journal = "Foods", abstract = "Triticale has been suggested for human consumption due to its valuable nutritional composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate volatile compound dynamics in the technological processes of triticale bread and triticale bread with sourdough prepared using Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis based cultures. Two types of sourdough ready-to-use sourdough and two-stage sourdough were used for bread making. Triticale bread without sourdough was used as a control. Volatile compounds from a headspace of flour blend, sourdough, as well as mixed dough, fermented dough, bread crumb and crust were extracted using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) in combination with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Alcohols, mainly 1-hexanol, were the main volatiles in the triticale flour blend, whereas in the headspace of sourdough samples ethyl-acetate, ethanol and acetic acid dominated. Two-stage sourdough after 30 min fermentation showed the highest sum of peak areas formed by 14 volatile compounds, resulting in substrates for further aroma development in bread. A total of 29 compounds were identified in the bread: in the crumb the dominant volatile compounds were alcohols, ketones, acids, but in the crust-alcohols, aldehydes, furans dominated. The use of two-stage sourdough provided a more diverse spectrum of volatile compounds. Such volatile compounds as ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-hydroxy-2-butanone, 2-methylpropanoic acid, and acetic acid were identified in all the analysed samples in all stages of bread making.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9121837", doi = "10.3390/foods9121837", openalex = "W3112665246", references = "doi101016jfoodchem201709009" } @article{doi103390rs12091491, author = "Messina, Gaetano and Modica, Giuseppe", title = "Applications of UAV Thermal Imagery in Precision Agriculture: State of the Art and Future Research Outlook", year = "2020", journal = "Remote Sensing", abstract = "Low-altitude remote sensing (RS) using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a powerful tool in precision agriculture (PA). In that context, thermal RS has many potential uses. The surface temperature of plants changes rapidly under stress conditions, which makes thermal RS a useful tool for real-time detection of plant stress conditions. Current applications of UAV thermal RS include monitoring plant water stress, detecting plant diseases, assessing crop yield estimation, and plant phenotyping. However, the correct use and interpretation of thermal data are based on basic knowledge of the nature of thermal radiation. Therefore, aspects that are related to calibration and ground data collection, in which the use of reference panels is highly recommended, as well as data processing, must be carefully considered. This paper aims to review the state of the art of UAV thermal RS in agriculture, outlining an overview of the latest applications and providing a future research outlook.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12091491", doi = "10.3390/rs12091491", openalex = "W3022843305", references = "doi103390info10110349" } @article{doi103390rs12162659, author = "Lu, Bing and Dao, Phuong D. and Liu, Jiangui and He, Yuhong and Shang, Jiali", title = "Recent Advances of Hyperspectral Imaging Technology and Applications in Agriculture", year = "2020", journal = "Remote Sensing", abstract = "Remote sensing is a useful tool for monitoring spatio-temporal variations of crop morphological and physiological status and supporting practices in precision farming. In comparison with multispectral imaging, hyperspectral imaging is a more advanced technique that is capable of acquiring a detailed spectral response of target features. Due to limited accessibility outside of the scientific community, hyperspectral images have not been widely used in precision agriculture. In recent years, different mini-sized and low-cost airborne hyperspectral sensors (e.g., Headwall Micro-Hyperspec, Cubert UHD 185-Firefly) have been developed, and advanced spaceborne hyperspectral sensors have also been or will be launched (e.g., PRISMA, DESIS, EnMAP, HyspIRI). Hyperspectral imaging is becoming more widely available to agricultural applications. Meanwhile, the acquisition, processing, and analysis of hyperspectral imagery still remain a challenging research topic (e.g., large data volume, high data dimensionality, and complex information analysis). It is hence beneficial to conduct a thorough and in-depth review of the hyperspectral imaging technology (e.g., different platforms and sensors), methods available for processing and analyzing hyperspectral information, and recent advances of hyperspectral imaging in agricultural applications. Publications over the past 30 years in hyperspectral imaging technology and applications in agriculture were thus reviewed. The imaging platforms and sensors, together with analytic methods used in the literature, were discussed. Performances of hyperspectral imaging for different applications (e.g., crop biophysical and biochemical properties’ mapping, soil characteristics, and crop classification) were also evaluated. This review is intended to assist agricultural researchers and practitioners to better understand the strengths and limitations of hyperspectral imaging to agricultural applications and promote the adoption of this valuable technology. Recommendations for future hyperspectral imaging research for precision agriculture are also presented.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162659", doi = "10.3390/rs12162659", openalex = "W3075397214", references = "doi101016003442579090100z, doi101016jbiosystemseng201208009, doi101016jcompag201802016, doi101016jcompag201805012, doi101016jrse2019111402, doi101016jrse2020111716, doi101016s0034425702000184, doi101016s003442579900067x, doi101023a1010933404324, doi103389fpls201601419" } @article{doi103390rs12193136, author = "Sishodia, Rajendra P. and Ray, Ram L. and Singh, Sudhir Kumar", title = "Applications of Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture: A Review", year = "2020", journal = "Remote Sensing", abstract = "Agriculture provides for the most basic needs of humankind: food and fiber. The introduction of new farming techniques in the past century (e.g., during the Green Revolution) has helped agriculture keep pace with growing demands for food and other agricultural products. However, further increases in food demand, a growing population, and rising income levels are likely to put additional strain on natural resources. With growing recognition of the negative impacts of agriculture on the environment, new techniques and approaches should be able to meet future food demands while maintaining or reducing the environmental footprint of agriculture. Emerging technologies, such as geospatial technologies, Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data analysis, and artificial intelligence (AI), could be utilized to make informed management decisions aimed to increase crop production. Precision agriculture (PA) entails the application of a suite of such technologies to optimize agricultural inputs to increase agricultural production and reduce input losses. Use of remote sensing technologies for PA has increased rapidly during the past few decades. The unprecedented availability of high resolution (spatial, spectral and temporal) satellite images has promoted the use of remote sensing in many PA applications, including crop monitoring, irrigation management, nutrient application, disease and pest management, and yield prediction. In this paper, we provide an overview of remote sensing systems, techniques, and vegetation indices along with their recent (2015–2020) applications in PA. Remote-sensing-based PA technologies such as variable fertilizer rate application technology in Green Seeker and Crop Circle have already been incorporated in commercial agriculture. Use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has increased tremendously during the last decade due to their cost-effectiveness and flexibility in obtaining the high-resolution (cm-scale) images needed for PA applications. At the same time, the availability of a large amount of satellite data has prompted researchers to explore advanced data storage and processing techniques such as cloud computing and machine learning. Given the complexity of image processing and the amount of technical knowledge and expertise needed, it is critical to explore and develop a simple yet reliable workflow for the real-time application of remote sensing in PA. Development of accurate yet easy to use, user-friendly systems is likely to result in broader adoption of remote sensing technologies in commercial and non-commercial PA applications.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193136", doi = "10.3390/rs12193136", openalex = "W3088154325", references = "doi101016jaiia201905004, doi101016jrse2019111402, doi101073pnas0912953109" } @article{doi103390rs12223783, author = "Khanal, Sami and KC, Kushal and Fulton, John P and Shearer, S. A. and Özkan, Erdal", title = "Remote Sensing in Agriculture—Accomplishments, Limitations, and Opportunities", year = "2020", journal = "Remote Sensing", abstract = "Remote sensing (RS) technologies provide a diagnostic tool that can serve as an early warning system, allowing the agricultural community to intervene early on to counter potential problems before they spread widely and negatively impact crop productivity. With the recent advancements in sensor technologies, data management and data analytics, currently, several RS options are available to the agricultural community. However, the agricultural sector is yet to implement RS technologies fully due to knowledge gaps on their sufficiency, appropriateness and techno-economic feasibilities. This study reviewed the literature between 2000 to 2019 that focused on the application of RS technologies in production agriculture, ranging from field preparation, planting, and in-season applications to harvesting, with the objective of contributing to the scientific understanding on the potential for RS technologies to support decision-making within different production stages. We found an increasing trend in the use of RS technologies in agricultural production over the past 20 years, with a sharp increase in applications of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) after 2015. The largest number of scientific papers related to UASs originated from Europe (34\%), followed by the United States (20\%) and China (11\%). Most of the prior RS studies have focused on soil moisture and in-season crop health monitoring, and less in areas such as soil compaction, subsurface drainage, and crop grain quality monitoring. In summary, the literature highlighted that RS technologies can be used to support site-specific management decisions at various stages of crop production, helping to optimize crop production while addressing environmental quality, profitability, and sustainability.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12223783", doi = "10.3390/rs12223783", openalex = "W3106881551", references = "doi101016jrse2019111402" } @article{doi103390s20041042, author = "García, Laura and Parra, Lorena and Jiménez, Jose M. and Lloret, Jaime and Lorenz, Pascal", title = "IoT-Based Smart Irrigation Systems: An Overview on the Recent Trends on Sensors and IoT Systems for Irrigation in Precision Agriculture", year = "2020", journal = "Sensors", abstract = "Water management is paramount in countries with water scarcity. This also affects agriculture, as a large amount of water is dedicated to that use. The possible consequences of global warming lead to the consideration of creating water adaptation measures to ensure the availability of water for food production and consumption. Thus, studies aimed at saving water usage in the irrigation process have increased over the years. Typical commercial sensors for agriculture irrigation systems are very expensive, making it impossible for smaller farmers to implement this type of system. However, manufacturers are currently offering low-cost sensors that can be connected to nodes to implement affordable systems for irrigation management and agriculture monitoring. Due to the recent advances in IoT and WSN technologies that can be applied in the development of these systems, we present a survey aimed at summarizing the current state of the art regarding smart irrigation systems. We determine the parameters that are monitored in irrigation systems regarding water quantity and quality, soil characteristics and weather conditions. We provide an overview of the most utilized nodes and wireless technologies. Lastly, we will discuss the challenges and the best practices for the implementation of sensor-based irrigation systems.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/s20041042", doi = "10.3390/s20041042", openalex = "W3006230761", references = "doi101016jaiia201905004" } @incollection{doi101007978303073245511, author = "Hussain, Muhammad Iftikhar and Abideen, Zainul and Danish, Subhan and Asghar, Muhammad Ahsan and Iqbal, Khalid Javed", title = "Integrated Weed Management for Sustainable Agriculture", year = "2021", booktitle = "Sustainable agriculture reviews", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73245-5\_11", doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-73245-5\_11", openalex = "W3187582696", references = "doi103390agronomy10010099" } @article{doi101016jcompag2020105942, author = "Pylianidis, Christos and Osinga, Sjoukje and Athanasiadis, Ioannis N.", title = "Introducing digital twins to agriculture", year = "2021", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", abstract = "Digital twins are being adopted by increasingly more industries, transforming them and bringing new opportunities. Digital twins provide previously unheard levels of control over physical entities and help to manage complex systems by integrating an array of technologies. Recently, agriculture has seen several technological advancements, but it is still unclear if this community is making an effort to adopt digital twins in its operations. In this work, we employ a mixed-method approach to investigate the added-value of digital twins for agriculture. We examine the extent of digital twin adoption in agriculture, shed light on the concept and the benefits it brings, and provide an application-based roadmap for a more extended adoption. We report a literature review of digital twins in agriculture, covering years 2017-2020. We identify 28 use cases, and compare them with use cases in other disciplines. We compare reported benefits, service categories, and technology readiness levels to assess the level of digital twin adoption in agriculture. We distill the digital twin characteristics that can provide added-value to agriculture from the examined digital twin applications in agriculture and in other disciplines. Then, inspired by digital twin applications in other disciplines, we propose a roadmap for digital twins in agriculture, consisting of examples of growing complexity. We conclude this paper by identifying the distinctive characteristics of agricultural digital twins.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105942", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2020.105942", openalex = "W3137711069", references = "doi101016jcompag201808001" } @article{doi101016jfoodchem2021131283, author = "Chavoushi, Mahsa and Kadivar, Mahdi and Arzani, Ahmad and Sabzalian, Mohammad R.", title = "Relationships between grain, flour, and dough quality characteristics and solvent retention capacity tests of twelve triticale cultivars and parental species", year = "2021", journal = "Food Chemistry", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131283", doi = "10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131283", openalex = "W3202310835", references = "doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi101016jlwt2021112771, author = "Xiong, Min and Zheng, Siyuan and Bai, Tingmei and Chen, Daiwen and Qin, Wen and Zhang, Qing and Lin, Derong and Liu, Yuntao and Liu, Aiping and Huang, Zhiqing and Chen, Hong", title = "The difference among structure, physicochemical and functional properties of dietary fiber extracted from triticale and hull-less barley", year = "2021", journal = "LWT", abstract = "The dietary fiber (DF) composition, physicochemical and functional properties of triticale dietary fiber (TRDF) and hull-less barley dietary fiber (HUDF) were investigated and compared in this study. Results revealed that triticale soluble dietary fiber (TRSDF) had higher arabinose and xylose contents but lower glucose content than that of hull-less barley soluble dietary fiber (HUSDF). Compared with hull-less barley insoluble dietary fiber (HUIDF), triticale insoluble dietary fiber (TRIDF) had more arabinose and xylose. HUSDF exhibited a smaller particle size and lower viscosity than TRSDF. HUSDF had greater hydroxyl scavenging activity, whereas TRSDF showed higher DPPH radicals scavenging activity. Glucose adsorption capacity, glucose dialysis retardation index, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of TRSDF were all higher than those of HUSDF. TRIDF and its bound polyphenols demonstrated higher α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities than those of HUIDF and its polyphenols. In conclusion, TRDF had better hypoglycemic activities than that of HUDF and the antioxidant activity of TRIDF was lower than that of HUIDF.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112771", doi = "10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112771", openalex = "W3212710619", references = "doi101016jfoodchem201709009" } @article{doi101109access20213116814, author = "Singh, Ritesh Kumar and Berkvens, Rafael and Weyn, Maarten", title = "AgriFusion: An Architecture for IoT and Emerging Technologies Based on a Precision Agriculture Survey", year = "2021", journal = "IEEE Access", abstract = "Precision Agriculture (PA) is a management strategy that utilizes communication and information technology for farm management. It is a key to improve productivity by using the best agricultural practices and optimal usage of resources. Agriculture faces diverse challenges due to soil degradation, climate variation, and increasing costs. To unfold these challenges, PA uses Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) and exploits acquisition, communication, and processing of the data as basic enabling technologies to amplify the crop yield. Also, many other multidisciplinary technologies are supporting PA in finding the most novel use cases for PA. The use of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed PA at almost every level. The fog/edge paradigm is mitigating many challenges such as network bandwidth and security by bringing computation closer to the deployed network. At the same time, Software Defined Networks (SDN) brings flexibility, big data assists in handling data, and nano-technology plays a crucial part in driving the innovation in PA. This paper delves into ways these technologies are transforming PA in respective tracks, exhibiting the significance of integrating multidisciplinary approaches towards the future of PA. In addition to a comprehensive survey, this paper proposes a multidisciplinary architecture: AgriFusion, for efficient and cost-effective agriculture solutions. A list of industrial solutions for different aspects of farm management and their underlying focused technology have been highlighted. This can help to align research and industrial goals for PA. Furthermore, this paper defines a step approach to describe the performance dichotomy between resource availability and objectives for PA. In addition, solution architecture is proposed for designing Key Performance Indicators (KPI) in PA. In the end, some open research issues in implementing PA and respective future scopes have been presented.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3116814", doi = "10.1109/access.2021.3116814", openalex = "W3203677996", references = "doi103390rs12162659" } @article{doi101109jas20211003925, author = "Friha, Othmane and Ferrag, Mohamed Amine and Shu, Lei and Μαγλαράς, Λέανδρος and Wang, Xiaochan", title = "Internet of Things for the Future of Smart Agriculture: A Comprehensive Survey of Emerging Technologies", year = "2021", journal = "IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica", abstract = "This paper presents a comprehensive review of emerging technologies for the internet of things (IoT)-based smart agriculture. We begin by summarizing the existing surveys and describing emergent technologies for the agricultural IoT, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, wireless technologies, open-source IoT platforms, software defined networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV) technologies, cloud/fog computing, and middleware platforms. We also provide a classification of IoT applications for smart agriculture into seven categories: including smart monitoring, smart water management, agrochemicals applications, disease management, smart harvesting, supply chain management, and smart agricultural practices. Moreover, we provide a taxonomy and a side-by-side comparison of the state-of-the-art methods toward supply chain management based on the blockchain technology for agricultural IoTs. Furthermore, we present real projects that use most of the aforementioned technologies, which demonstrate their great performance in the field of smart agriculture. Finally, we highlight open research challenges and discuss possible future research directions for agricultural IoTs.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/jas.2021.1003925", doi = "10.1109/jas.2021.1003925", openalex = "W3138616181", references = "doi101016jaiia201905004" } @article{doi101109jsen20213049471, author = "Maddikunta, Praveen Kumar Reddy and Hakak, Saqib and Alazab, Mamoun and Bhattacharya, Sweta and Gadekallu, Thippa Reddy and Khan, Wazir Zada and Pham, Quoc‐Viet", title = "Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Smart Agriculture: Applications, Requirements, and Challenges", year = "2021", journal = "IEEE Sensors Journal", abstract = "In the next few years, smart farming will reach each and every nook of the world. The prospects of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for smart farming are immense. However, the cost and the ease in controlling UAVs for smart farming might play an important role for motivating farmers to use UAVs in farming. Mostly, UAVs are controlled by remote controllers using radio waves. There are several technologies such as Wi-Fi or ZigBee that are also used for controlling UAVs. However, Smart Bluetooth (also referred to as Bluetooth Low Energy) is a wireless technology used to transfer data over short distances. Smart Bluetooth is cheaper than other technologies and has the advantage of being available on every smart phone. Farmers can use any smart phone to operate their respective UAVs along with Bluetooth Smart enabled agricultural sensors in the future. However, certain requirements and challenges need to be addressed before UAVs can be operated for smart agriculture-related applications. Hence, in this article, an attempt has been made to explore the types of sensors suitable for smart farming, potential requirements and challenges for operating UAVs in smart agriculture. We have also identified the future applications of using UAVs in smart farming.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2021.3049471", doi = "10.1109/jsen.2021.3049471", openalex = "W3044921708", references = "doi101016jrse2019111402" } @article{doi103390agriculture11121182, author = "Durazzo, Alessandra", title = "New Traits of Agriculture/Food Quality Interface", year = "2021", journal = "Agriculture", abstract = "There is a close link between food and territory [...]", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121182", doi = "10.3390/agriculture11121182", openalex = "W3216242930", references = "doi103390agriculture11080765" } @article{doi103390agronomy11020223, author = "Diacono, Mariangela and Trinchera, Alessandra and Montemurro, Francesco", title = "An Overview on Agroecology and Organic Agriculture Strategies for Sustainable Crop Production", year = "2021", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "Within the new “European Green Deal”, the European Commission defined crucial challenges for the agriculture of future decades, such as making food production more sustainable by considering the local pedo-climatic and socio-economic specificities [...]", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020223", doi = "10.3390/agronomy11020223", openalex = "W3121191597", references = "doi103390agronomy10010009, doi103390agronomy10020230, doi103390agronomy10040605, doi103390agronomy10050614, doi103390agronomy10050732, doi103390agronomy10081144, doi103390agronomy10081210, doi103390agronomy10091334, doi103390agronomy10091418, doi103390agronomy10091447" } @article{doi103390app11135911, author = "Martos, Vanesa and Ali, Ahmad and Cartujo, P. and Ordóñez, Javier", title = "Ensuring Agricultural Sustainability through Remote Sensing in the Era of Agriculture 5.0", year = "2021", journal = "Applied Sciences", abstract = "Timely and reliable information about crop management, production, and yield is considered of great utility by stakeholders (e.g., national and international authorities, farmers, commercial units, etc.) to ensure food safety and security. By 2050, according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates, around 70\% more production of agricultural products will be needed to fulfil the demands of the world population. Likewise, to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially the second goal of “zero hunger”, potential technologies like remote sensing (RS) need to be efficiently integrated into agriculture. The application of RS is indispensable today for a highly productive and sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the present study draws a general overview of RS technology with a special focus on the principal platforms of this technology, i.e., satellites and remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), and the sensors used, in relation to the 5th industrial revolution. Nevertheless, since 1957, RS technology has found applications, through the use of satellite imagery, in agriculture, which was later enriched by the incorporation of remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), which is further pushing the boundaries of proficiency through the upgrading of sensors capable of higher spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions. More prominently, wireless sensor technologies (WST) have streamlined real time information acquisition and programming for respective measures. Improved algorithms and sensors can, not only add significant value to crop data acquisition, but can also devise simulations on yield, harvesting and irrigation periods, metrological data, etc., by making use of cloud computing. The RS technology generates huge sets of data that necessitate the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data to extract useful products, thereby augmenting the adeptness and efficiency of agriculture to ensure its sustainability. These technologies have made the orientation of current research towards the estimation of plant physiological traits rather than the structural parameters possible. Futuristic approaches for benefiting from these cutting-edge technologies are discussed in this study. This study can be helpful for researchers, academics, and young students aspiring to play a role in the achievement of sustainable agriculture.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135911", doi = "10.3390/app11135911", openalex = "W3176731445", references = "doi103390rs12162659" } @article{doi103390en14041003, author = "Szempliński, W. and Dubis, Bogdan and Lachutta, Krzysztof and Jankowski, K.", title = "Energy Optimization in Different Production Technologies of Winter Triticale Grain", year = "2021", journal = "Energies", abstract = "This article presents the results of a field experiment investigating the energy efficiency of grain produced by a semi-dwarf genotype of winter triticale at different levels of agricultural inputs. The energy efficiency of winter triticale grain production was evaluated in two low-input and two high-input cultivation practices that differed in the rate of nitrogen fertilizer (split application) and disease control. The energy inputs associated with the production of winter triticale grain at low levels of agricultural inputs were determined to be 14.5 to 14.7 GJ ha−1. Higher levels of agricultural inputs increased the demand for energy in grain production by 25\% on average. The energy output of grain peaked (163.3 GJ ha−1) in response to a fertilizer rate of 120 kg ha−1 applied in a split ratio of 50:50 (BBCH 27/32) and two fungicide treatments (BBCH 31 and 39). The energy output of grain from the remaining cultivation regimes was 3–13\% lower. The energy efficiency ratio was highest in the low-input cultivation regime with a nitrogen rate of 90 kg ha−1 split into two applications (60 and 30 kg ha−1 for BBCH 27 and 32, respectively), seed dressing with fungicide (thiram and tebuconazole) and one fungicide treatment (azoxystrobin) (BBCH 39).", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/en14041003", doi = "10.3390/en14041003", openalex = "W3130589833", references = "doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi103390rs13061204, author = "Delavarpour, Nadia and Koparan, Cengiz and Nowatzki, John and Bajwa, Sreekala G. and Sun, Xin", title = "A Technical Study on UAV Characteristics for Precision Agriculture Applications and Associated Practical Challenges", year = "2021", journal = "Remote Sensing", abstract = "The incorporation of advanced technologies into Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) platforms have enabled many practical applications in Precision Agriculture (PA) over the past decade. These PA tools offer capabilities that increase agricultural productivity and inputs’ efficiency and minimize operational costs simultaneously. However, these platforms also have some constraints that limit the application of UAVs in agricultural operations. The constraints include limitations in providing imagery of adequate spatial and temporal resolutions, dependency on weather conditions, and geometric and radiometric correction requirements. In this paper, a practical guide on technical characterizations of common types of UAVs used in PA is presented. This paper helps select the most suitable UAVs and on-board sensors for different agricultural operations by considering all the possible constraints. Over a hundred research studies were reviewed on UAVs applications in PA and practical challenges in monitoring and mapping field crops. We concluded by providing suggestions and future directions to overcome challenges in optimizing operational proficiency.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061204", doi = "10.3390/rs13061204", openalex = "W3136619453", references = "doi103390info10110349" } @article{doi103390rs13132585, author = "Ullo, Silvia Liberata and Sinha, G. R.", title = "Advances in IoT and Smart Sensors for Remote Sensing and Agriculture Applications", year = "2021", journal = "Remote Sensing", abstract = "Modern sensors find their wide usage in a variety of applications such as robotics, navigation, automation, remote sensing, underwater imaging, etc. and in recent years the sensors with advanced techniques such as the artificial intelligence (AI) play a significant role in the field of remote sensing and smart agriculture. The AI enabled sensors work as smart sensors and additionally the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has resulted into very useful tools in the field of agriculture by making available different types of sensor-based equipment and devices. In this paper, we have focused on an extensive study of the advances in smart sensors and IoT, employed in remote sensing and agriculture applications such as the assessment of weather conditions and soil quality; the crop monitoring; the use of robots for harvesting and weeding; the employment of drones. The emphasis has been given to specific types of sensors and sensor technologies by presenting an extensive study, review, comparison and recommendation for advancements in IoT that would help researchers, agriculturists, remote sensing scientists and policy makers in their research and implementations.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132585", doi = "10.3390/rs13132585", openalex = "W3182788757", references = "doi103390rs12162659" } @article{doi103390s21113758, author = "Benos, Lefteris and Tagarakis, Aristotelis C. and Dolias, Georgios and Berruto, Remigio and Katerıs, Dimitrios and Bochtis, Dionysis", title = "Machine Learning in Agriculture: A Comprehensive Updated Review", year = "2021", journal = "Sensors", abstract = {The digital transformation of agriculture has evolved various aspects of management into artificial intelligent systems for the sake of making value from the ever-increasing data originated from numerous sources. A subset of artificial intelligence, namely machine learning, has a considerable potential to handle numerous challenges in the establishment of knowledge-based farming systems. The present study aims at shedding light on machine learning in agriculture by thoroughly reviewing the recent scholarly literature based on keywords' combinations of "machine learning" along with "crop management", "water management", "soil management", and "livestock management", and in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Only journal papers were considered eligible that were published within 2018-2020. The results indicated that this topic pertains to different disciplines that favour convergence research at the international level. Furthermore, crop management was observed to be at the centre of attention. A plethora of machine learning algorithms were used, with those belonging to Artificial Neural Networks being more efficient. In addition, maize and wheat as well as cattle and sheep were the most investigated crops and animals, respectively. Finally, a variety of sensors, attached on satellites and unmanned ground and aerial vehicles, have been utilized as a means of getting reliable input data for the data analyses. It is anticipated that this study will constitute a beneficial guide to all stakeholders towards enhancing awareness of the potential advantages of using machine learning in agriculture and contributing to a more systematic research on this topic.}, url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113758", doi = "10.3390/s21113758", openalex = "W3165319944", references = "doi101016jcompag201808001, doi101016jcompeleceng201904011" } @incollection{doi104324978100302454519, author = "de Janvry, Alain and Sadoulet, Élisabeth", title = "Agriculture for Development", year = "2021", url = "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003024545-19", doi = "10.4324/9781003024545-19", openalex = "W3153132868", references = "doi1010800735260291044188" } @article{doi101007s13353022007197, author = "Orłowska, Renata", title = "Triticale doubled haploid plant regeneration factors linked by structural equation modeling", year = "2022", journal = "Journal of Applied Genetics", abstract = "Triticale regeneration via anther culture faces many difficulties, e.g., a low percentage of regenerated plants and the presence of albinos. Plant regeneration may be affected by abiotic stresses and by ingredients added to the induction medium. The latter influences biochemical pathways and plant regeneration efficiency. Among such ingredients, copper and silver ions acting as cofactors for enzymatic reactions are of interest. However, their role in plant tissue cultures and relationships with biochemical pathways has not been studied yet.The study evaluated relationships between DNA methylation, changes in DNA sequence variation, and green plant regeneration efficiency influenced by copper and silver ions during triticale plant regeneration. For this purpose, a biological model based on donor plants and their regenerants, a methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism, and structural equation modeling were employed.The green plant regeneration efficiency varied from 0.71 to 6.06 green plants per 100 plated anthers. The values for the components of tissue culture-induced variation related to cytosine methylation in a CHH sequence context (where H is A, C, or T) were 8.65\% for sequence variation, 0.76\% for DNA demethylation, and 0.58\% for de novo methylation. The proposed model states that copper ions affect the regeneration efficiency through cytosine methylation and may induce mutations through, e.g., oxidative processes, which may interfere with the green plant regeneration efficiency. The linear regression confirms that the plant regeneration efficiency rises with increasing copper ion concentration in the absence of Ag ions in the induction medium. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression shows that de novo methylation, demethylation, and copper ions may be involved in the green plant regeneration efficiency. According to structural equation modeling, copper ions play a central role in the model determining the regeneration efficiency.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-022-00719-7", doi = "10.1007/s13353-022-00719-7", openalex = "W4293199487", references = "doi101016jcell200803029, doi101037003329091053430, doi1010371082989x12130, doi1010371082989x34424, doi101038nature06745, doi101038nrg2719, doi10108010705519909540118, doi101090qam10666, doi1011370111030, doi103390agronomy10081144, openalexw1816720378" } @article{doi101007s13593021007428, author = "Jacquet, Florence and Jeuffroy, Marie‐Hélène and Jouan, Julia and Cadre, Edith Le and Litrico, Isabelle and Malausa, Thibaut and Reboud, Xavier and Huyghe, C.", title = "Pesticide-free agriculture as a new paradigm for research", year = "2022", journal = "Agronomy for Sustainable Development", abstract = "Abstract Reducing pesticide use has become a goal shared by several European countries and a major issue in public policies due to the negative impacts of pesticides on the environment and on human health. However, since most of the agri-food sector relies on pesticides in these countries, substantially reducing pesticide use is a complex issue. To overcome this situation, we argue that agricultural research has a major role to play and must adopt a pesticide-free paradigm to expect a deep impact on pesticide use. In this article, we explain why this new paradigm is needed and outline research fronts that it will help address. These research fronts are related to five strategies: (1) redesigning cropping systems to enhance prophylaxis, (2) diversifying biocontrol strategies and associated business models, (3) broadening the scope of plant breeding to include functional biodiversity and evolutionary ecology concepts, (4) setting new goals for agricultural machinery and digital technologies, and (5) supporting development of public policies and private initiatives for the transition toward pesticide-free agri-food systems. The corresponding research activities must be managed conjointly to develop systemic and coupled innovations, which are essential for reducing pesticide use significantly. We therefore provide examples of cross-cutting objectives that combine these fronts while also highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research projects. By doing so, we provide an overall orientation for research to achieve sustainable agriculture.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-021-00742-8", doi = "10.1007/s13593-021-00742-8", openalex = "W4210668703", references = "doi101007s135930120105x, doi101890es15002171" } @article{doi101016jaac202210001, author = "Javaid, Mohd and Haleem, Abid and Khan, Ibrahim Haleem and Suman, Rajiv", title = "Understanding the potential applications of Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture Sector", year = "2022", journal = "Advanced Agrochem", abstract = "Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been extensively applied in farming recently. To cultivate healthier crops, manage pests, monitor soil and growing conditions, analyse data for farmers, and enhance other management activities of the food supply chain, the agriculture sector is turning to AI technology. It makes it challenging for farmers to choose the ideal time to plant seeds. AI helps farmers choose the optimum seed for a particular weather scenario. It also offers data on weather forecasts. AI-powered solutions will help farmers produce more with fewer resources, increase crop quality, and hasten product time to reach the market. AI aids in understanding soil qualities. AI helps farmers by suggesting the nutrients they should apply to increase the quality of the soil. AI can help farmers choose the optimal time to plant their seeds. Intelligent equipment can calculate the spacing between seeds and the maximum planting depth. An AI-powered system known as a health monitoring system provides farmers with information on the health of their crops and the nutrients that need to be given to enhance yield quality and quantity. This study identifies and analyses relevant articles on AI for Agriculture. Using AI, farmers can now access advanced data and analytics tools that will foster better farming, improve efficiencies, and reduce waste in biofuel and food production while minimising the negative environmental impacts. AI and Machine Learning (ML) have transformed various industries, and the AI wave has now reached the agriculture sector. Companies are developing several technologies to make monitoring farmers' crop and soil health easier. Hyperspectral imaging and 3D laser scanning are the leading AI-based technologies that can help ensure crop health. These AI-powered technologies collect precise data on the health of the crops in greater volume for analysis. This paper studied AI and its need in Agriculture. The process of AI in Agriculture and some Agriculture parameters monitored by AI are briefed. Finally, we identified and discussed the significant applications of AI in agriculture.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aac.2022.10.001", doi = "10.1016/j.aac.2022.10.001", openalex = "W4307486628", references = "doi101016jaiia201905004, doi101016jcompag201808001" } @article{doi101016jatech2022100042, author = "Abbasi, Rabiya and Martı́nez, Pablo and Ahmad, Rafiq", title = "The digitization of agricultural industry – a systematic literature review on agriculture 4.0", year = "2022", journal = "Smart Agricultural Technology", abstract = "Agriculture is considered one of the most important sectors that play a strategic role in ensuring food security. However, with the increasing world's population, agri-food demands are growing — posing the need to switch from traditional agricultural methods to smart agriculture practices, also known as agriculture 4.0. To fully benefit from the potential of agriculture 4.0, it is significant to understand and address the problems and challenges associated with it. This study, therefore, aims to contribute to the development of agriculture 4.0 by investigating the emerging trends of digital technologies in the agricultural industry. For this purpose, a systematic literature review based on Protocol of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses is conducted to analyse the scientific literature related to crop farming published in the last decade. After applying the protocol, 148 papers were selected and the extent of digital technologies adoption in agriculture was examined in the context of service type, technology readiness level, and farm type. The results have shown that digital technologies such as autonomous robotic systems, internet of things, and machine learning are significantly explored and open-air farms are frequently considered in research studies (69\%), contrary to indoor farms (31\%). Moreover, it is observed that most use cases are still in the prototypical phase. Finally, potential roadblocks to the digitization of the agriculture sector were identified and classified at technical and socio-economic levels. This comprehensive review results in providing useful information on the current status of digital technologies in agriculture along with prospective future opportunities.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2022.100042", doi = "10.1016/j.atech.2022.100042", openalex = "W4213430843", references = "doi101016jcompag201901012" } @article{doi101016jcompag2022107017, author = "Rejeb, Abderahman and Abdollahi, Alireza and Rejeb, Karim and Treiblmaier, Horst", title = "Drones in agriculture: A review and bibliometric analysis", year = "2022", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", abstract = "Drones, also called Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), have witnessed a remarkable development in recent decades. In agriculture, they have changed farming practices by offering farmers substantial cost savings, increased operational efficiency, and better profitability. Over the past decades, the topic of agricultural drones has attracted remarkable academic attention. We therefore conduct a comprehensive review based on bibliometrics to summarize and structure existing academic literature and reveal current research trends and hotspots. We apply bibliometric techniques and analyze the literature surrounding agricultural drones to summarize and assess previous research. Our analysis indicates that remote sensing, precision agriculture, deep learning, machine learning, and the Internet of Things are critical topics related to agricultural drones. The co-citation analysis reveals six broad research clusters in the literature. This study is one of the first attempts to summarize drone research in agriculture and suggest future research directions.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107017", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2022.107017", openalex = "W4280610169", references = "doi103390info10110349" } @article{doi101016jcompag2022107119, author = "Shaikh, Tawseef Ayoub and Rasool, Tabasum and Lone, Faisal Rasheed", title = "Towards leveraging the role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in precision agriculture and smart farming", year = "2022", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107119", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2022.107119", openalex = "W4281690062", references = "doi101109access20213069646" } @article{doi101126scienceabm9267, author = "Pendrill, Florence and Gardner, Toby and Meyfroidt, Patrick and Persson, U. Martin and Adams, Justin and Azevedo, Tasso and Lima, Mairon G. Bastos and Baumann, Matthias and Curtis, Philip G. and Sy, Veronique De and Garrett, Rachael and Godar, Javier and Goldman, Elizabeth Dow and Hansen, Matthew C. and Heilmayr, Robert and Herold, Martin and Kuemmerle, Tobias and Lathuillière, Michael J. and Ribeiro, Vivian and Tyukavina, Alexandra and Weisse, Mikaela and West, Chris", title = "Disentangling the numbers behind agriculture-driven tropical deforestation", year = "2022", journal = "Science", abstract = "Tropical deforestation continues at alarming rates with profound impacts on ecosystems, climate, and livelihoods, prompting renewed commitments to halt its continuation. Although it is well established that agriculture is a dominant driver of deforestation, rates and mechanisms remain disputed and often lack a clear evidence base. We synthesize the best available pantropical evidence to provide clarity on how agriculture drives deforestation. Although most (90 to 99\%) deforestation across the tropics 2011 to 2015 was driven by agriculture, only 45 to 65\% of deforested land became productive agriculture within a few years. Therefore, ending deforestation likely requires combining measures to create deforestation-free supply chains with landscape governance interventions. We highlight key remaining evidence gaps including deforestation trends, commodity-specific land-use dynamics, and data from tropical dry forests and forests across Africa.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm9267", doi = "10.1126/science.abm9267", openalex = "W4295077776", references = "doi101016jgloenvcha201808006, doi101016jrse2019111402, doi105194essd1419172022" } @article{doi10183569789210018289c230, author = "Dalling, T.", title = "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations", year = "2022", journal = "Permanent missions to the United Nations", url = "https://doi.org/10.18356/9789210018289c230", doi = "10.18356/9789210018289c230", openalex = "W189916372" } @article{doi103389fpls2022877016, author = "Wang, Meng and Ren, Li-Tong and Wei, Xiaoyong and Ling, Yueming and Gu, Haitao and Wang, Shanshan and Ma, Xuefeng and Kong, Guang-Chao", title = "NAC Transcription Factor TwNAC01 Positively Regulates Drought Stress Responses in Arabidopsis and Triticale", year = "2022", journal = "Frontiers in Plant Science", abstract = "The NAC transcription factors play important roles in regulating plant growth, development, and senescence, and responding to biotic and abiotic stressors in plants. A novel coding sequence (1,059 bp) was cloned from hexaploid triticale in this study. The putative protein (352 amino acids) encoded by this sequence was over 95\% similar to the amino acid sequence of a NAC protein from Aegilops tauschii (XP020161331), and it formed a clade with Ae. tauschii, durum wheat, and barley. The putative protein contained a conserved nature actomyosin (NAM) domain (129 consecutive amino acids) between the 20th and 148th amino acids at the N-terminus and three transcription activation regions at the C-terminus. The novel gene was identified as a triticale NAC gene localized in the nucleus and designated as TwNAC01 (GenBank accession MG736919). The expression levels of TwNAC01 were the highest in roots, followed by leaves and stems when triticale lines were exposed to drought, polyethylene glycol 6,000 (PEG6000), NaCl, cold, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing TwNAC01 had significantly lower leaf water loss rates and longer roots than wild-type (WT) A. thaliana. Virus-induced silencing of the TwNAC01 gene in triticale delayed root development and decreased length of primary root. Under drought stress, leaves of TwNAC01- silenced triticale had higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), but lower relative water content (RWC), net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO 2 concentration, and transpiration rate than the leaves of the WT. Gene overexpression and silencing experiments suggested that TwNAC01 improves plant stress tolerance by increasing root length, regulating the water content of plant leaves by reducing MDA and H 2 O 2 content, and adjusting respiration rate. The results suggest that TwNAC01 is a novel NAC transcription factor gene that can be exploited for triticale and cereal improvement.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.877016", doi = "10.3389/fpls.2022.877016", openalex = "W4283376041", references = "doi101016s0065211308608755" } @article{doi103390cells12010163, author = "Orłowska, Renata and Żebrowski, Jacek and Dynkowska, Wioletta Monika and Androsiuk, Piotr and Bednarek, Piotr Tomasz", title = "Metabolomic Changes as Key Factors of Green Plant Regeneration Efficiency of Triticale In Vitro Anther Culture", year = "2022", journal = "Cells", abstract = "Green plant regeneration efficiency (GPRE) via in vitro anther culture results from biochemical pathways and cycle dysfunctions that may affect DNA and histone methylation, with gene expression influencing whole cell functioning. The reprogramming from gametophytic to sporophytic fate is part of the phenomenon. While DNA methylation and sequence changes related to the GPRE have been described, little attention was paid to the biochemical aspects of the phenomenon. Furthermore, only a few theoretical models that describe the complex relationships between biochemical aspects of GPRE and the role of Cu(II) ions in the induction medium and as cofactors of enzymatic reactions have been developed. Still, none of these models are devoted directly to the biochemical level. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in the current study to analyze triticale regenerants derived under various in vitro tissue culture conditions, including different Cu(II) and Ag(I) ion concentrations in the induction medium and anther culture times. The FTIR spectra of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), glutathione, and pectins in parallel with the Cu(II) ions, as well as the evaluated GPRE values, were put into the structural equation model (SEM). The data demonstrate the relationships between SAM, glutathione, pectins, and Cu(II) in the induction medium and how they affect GPRE. The SEM reflects the cell functioning under in vitro conditions and varying Cu(II) concentrations. In the presented model, the players are the Krebs and Yang cycles, the transsulfuration pathway controlled by Cu(II) ions acting as cofactors of enzymatic reactions, and the pectins of the primary cell wall.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010163", doi = "10.3390/cells12010163", openalex = "W4313472973", references = "doi101007s13353022007197" } @article{doi103390plants11172230, author = "Latif, Ghazanfar and Abdelhamid, Sherif E. and Mallouhy, Roxane Elias and Alghazo, Jaafar and Kazimi, Zafar Abbas", title = "Deep Learning Utilization in Agriculture: Detection of Rice Plant Diseases Using an Improved CNN Model", year = "2022", journal = "Plants", abstract = "Rice is considered one the most important plants globally because it is a source of food for over half the world's population. Like other plants, rice is susceptible to diseases that may affect the quantity and quality of produce. It sometimes results in anywhere between 20-40\% crop loss production. Early detection of these diseases can positively affect the harvest, and thus farmers would have to be knowledgeable about the various disease and how to identify them visually. Even then, it is an impossible task for farmers to survey the vast farmlands on a daily basis. Even if this is possible, it becomes a costly task that will, in turn, increases the price of rice for consumers. Machine learning algorithms fitted to drone technology combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) can offer a solution to this problem. In this paper, we propose a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) transfer learning-based approach for the accurate detection and classification of rice leaf disease. The modified proposed approach includes a modified VGG19-based transfer learning method. The proposed modified system can accurately detect and diagnose six distinct classes: healthy, narrow brown spot, leaf scald, leaf blast, brown spot, and bacterial leaf blight. The highest average accuracy is 96.08\% using the non-normalized augmented dataset. The corresponding precision, recall, specificity, and F1-score were 0.9620, 0.9617, 0.9921, and 0.9616, respectively. The proposed modified approach achieved significantly better results compared with similar approaches using the same dataset or similar-size datasets reported in the extant literature.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172230", doi = "10.3390/plants11172230", openalex = "W4293770138", references = "doi101109access20213069646" } @article{doi103390su142214945, author = "Zhou, Xiaohong and Ding, Donghong", title = "Factors Influencing Farmers’ Willingness and Behaviors in Organic Agriculture Development: An Empirical Analysis Based on Survey Data of Farmers in Anhui Province", year = "2022", journal = "Sustainability", abstract = "Organic agriculture is currently the dominant method used for the sustainable development of modern agriculture. As the main component in agricultural production, farmers and their willingness and behaviors are important to the overall progress of the organic agriculture industry. Based on survey data from 306 farmers in the Anhui Province, we applied a bivariate probit model to analyze the relevant factors influencing farmers’ willingness and behaviors in organic agriculture. The findings showed that a correlation existed between farmers’ willingness to engage in organic agriculture and their behaviors. Factors such as farmer education level, political status, family disposable income, and their understanding of organic agriculture and environmental hazards considerably influenced the farmers’ willingness to engage in organic agriculture. The variables of age, no-agricultural employment, and other factors played a substantial inhibitory role. This conclusion has certain value for further understanding of farmers’ willingness to be engaged in organic agriculture and their behaviors and so contributed to the structural reform of the agricultural supply side and the implementation of the “Rural Revitalization” strategy.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/su142214945", doi = "10.3390/su142214945", openalex = "W4309008087", references = "doi101007s13165019002493" } @incollection{doi101016bsagron202211002, author = "Deguine, Jean‐Philippe and Aubertot, Jean‐Noël and Bellon, Stéphane and Côté, François and Lauri, Pierre‐Éric and Lescourret, Françoise and Ratnadass, Alain and Scopel, Éric and Andrieu, Nadine and Bàrberi, Paolo and Becker, Nathalie and Bouyer, Jérémy and Brévault, Thierry and Cerdán, Claire and Cortesero, Anne‐Marie and Dangles, Olivier and Delatte, Hélène and Dinh, Phuong and Dreyer, Hans C. and Duru, Michel and Flor, Rica Joy and Gardarin, Antoine and Husson, Olivier and Jacquot, Maxime and Javelle, Aurélie and Justes, Éric and Lam, Mai Thi Xuan and Launay, Marie and Le, Van Vang and Longis, Sandrine and Martı́n, José and Munier‐Jolain, Nicolas and Nguyen, Nga Thi Thu and Nguyen, Truc Thi Ngoc and Penvern, Servane and Petit, Sandrine and Poisot, Anne-Sophie and Robin, Marie‐Hélène and Rolland, Bernard and Rusch, Adrien and Sabourin, Éric and Sanguin, Hervé and Sarthou, Jean‐Pierre and Sester, Mathilde and Simon, Sylvaine and Sourisseau, Jean-Michel and Steinberg, Christian and Tchamitchian, Marc and Thoumazeau, Alexis and Tibi, Anaïs and Tivet, Florent and Tixier, Philippe and Trinh, Xuan Thi and Vialatte, Aude and Wyckhuys, Kris A. G. and Lamichhane, Jay Ram", title = "Agroecological crop protection for sustainable agriculture", year = "2023", booktitle = "Advances in agronomy", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2022.11.002", doi = "10.1016/bs.agron.2022.11.002", openalex = "W4315491151", references = "doi101007s1359302000646z" } @article{doi101016jengappai2023106034, author = "Saranya, T. and Deisy, C. and Sridevi, S. and Anbananthen, Kalaiarasi Sonai Muthu", title = "A comparative study of deep learning and Internet of Things for precision agriculture", year = "2023", journal = "Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2023.106034", doi = "10.1016/j.engappai.2023.106034", openalex = "W4323306744", references = "doi101109access20213069646" } @article{doi101016jfarsys2023100005, author = "Gamage, Ashoka and Gangahagedara, Ruchira and Gamage, Jeewan and Jayasinghe, Nepali and Kodikara, Nathasha and Suraweera, Piumali and Merah, Othmane", title = "Role of organic farming for achieving sustainability in agriculture", year = "2023", journal = "Farming System", abstract = "Agriculture and farming have a long history. Agriculture is the main economic structure for many developed and developing countries. The modern agricultural practices affect the environment namely nutrient cycle, soil erosion, carbon sequestration, and many other ecological patterns. Organic farming is influential practice to minimize the environmental and ecological impact of sustainable development. Usage of more organic matters in agricultural practices can reduce the adverse effects on the environment by keep saving its natural cycles on recovery process and organic farming may enhance the food quality too. The organic farming may largely exclude the usage of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, growth hormones and feed additives of livestock activities. A combination of organic farming and new technologies is of utmost importance to reduce the limitations and challenges of organic farming. The innovative methods and new approaches making new trends toward sustainability farming system and enhances the agricultural productivity, and quality of life of many farmers in an environmentally friendly way. In other words, organic farming mirrors the sustainability concepts of Global Agriculture.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.farsys.2023.100005", doi = "10.1016/j.farsys.2023.100005", openalex = "W4361189739" } @article{doi101016jjcs2023103744, author = "Camerlengo, Francesco and Kiszonas, Alecia M.", title = "Genetic factors influencing triticale quality for food", year = "2023", journal = "Journal of Cereal Science", abstract = "Triticale is an amphiploid hybrid between wheat and rye. It combines good agronomic performance of wheat with hardiness and resilience to pathogens of rye. Its plasticity to adapt to adverse environmental conditions makes it more suitable for growing under poor conditions compared to wheat and other cereal crops. Since the release of the first cultivars, triticale had a wide range of use from animal feed to industry applications, but there is still a gap in terms of end-use quality for food production between triticale and wheat that limits consumer acceptance, especially in developed countries. Although technological and rheological properties of doughs obtained from triticale flour justify its poor adoption in food production, the high nutritional value conferred by a more balanced amino acid composition and higher content of protein and health promoting compounds are a key strength for human consumption. This review aims to bring out nutritional and technological properties of triticale flours and doughs through a genetic dissection of the major traits determining superior quality characteristics.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2023.103744", doi = "10.1016/j.jcs.2023.103744", openalex = "W4385297226", references = "doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi101021acssuschemeng3c02282, author = "Campos, Estefânia Vangelie Ramos and Ratko, Jonathan and Bidyarani, Ngangom and Takeshita, Vanessa and Fraceto, Leonardo Fernandes", title = "Nature-Based Herbicides and Micro-/Nanotechnology Fostering Sustainable Agriculture", year = "2023", journal = "ACS Sustainable Chemistry \& Engineering", abstract = "Bioherbicides, also known as nature-based herbicides, play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by effectively inhibiting weed growth and development. They help increase crop productivity by reducing competition between plants for nutrients, water, and light. Their eco-friendly nature sets bioherbicides apart, promoting environmentally conscious farming practices. Despite their numerous benefits, many bioherbicide compounds are inherently unstable and susceptible to environmental degradation by temperature, light, humidity, and microbial activity, thus posing challenges for effective weed management. To address this issue, a growing emphasis has been placed on encapsulation strategies in recent years. Encapsulation techniques offer several advantages for bioherbicides, including enhanced efficacy, sustainable biological compound release, environmental factor protection, and shelf life improvement. Polymers, particularly biopolymers, are promising materials for bioherbicide encapsulation in micro-/nanoparticles. These particles are specifically designed for the targeted delivery of bioherbicides, ensuring effective crop protection and weed management. Micro-/nanotechnology incorporation in encapsulated formulation development has revealed their notable potential. This study focuses on the latest developments in the encapsulation of bioherbicides into micro-/nanoparticles and their practical application for weed management. By leveraging micro-/nanotechnology, researchers aim to maximize bioherbicidal application and efficacy, paving the way for sustainable agricultural weed management practices. The findings of this study may serve as a reference for expanding the use of micro-/nanotechnology-associated bioherbicides for providing potential sustainable weed control solutions.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c02282", doi = "10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c02282", openalex = "W4382061977", references = "doi103390agronomy12081808" } @article{doi101038s4159802336119y, author = "Alagoz, Soheyla Mohammadi and Hadi, Hashem and Toorchi, Mahmoud and Pawłowski, Tomasz Andrzej and Lajayer, Behnam Asgari and Price, G.W. and Farooq, Muhammad and Astatkie, Tess", title = "Morpho-physiological responses and growth indices of triticale to drought and salt stresses", year = "2023", journal = "Scientific Reports", abstract = "Salinity and drought are two major abiotic stresses challenging global crop production and food security. In this study, the effects of individual and combined effects of drought (at different phenological stages) and salt stresses on growth, morphology, and physiology of triticale were evaluated. For this purpose, a 3 x 4 factorial design in three blocks experiment was conducted. The stress treatments included three levels of salinity (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl) and four levels of drought (regular irrigation as well as irrigation disruption at heading, flowering, and kernel extension stages). The stresses, individual as well as combined, caused a significant decrease in chlorophyll contents, total dry matter, leaf area index, relative water content, and grain yield of triticale. In this regard, the highest reduction was recorded under combined stresses of 100 mM NaCl and drought stress at flowering. However, an increase in soluble sugars, leaf free proline, carotenoid contents, and electrolyte leakage was noted under stress conditions compared to the control. In this regard, the highest increase in leaf free proline, soluble sugars, and carotenoid contents were noted under the combination of severe salinity and drought stress imposed at the flowering stage. Investigating the growth indices in severe salinity and water deficit stress in different phenological stages shows the predominance of ionic stress over osmotic stress under severe salinity. The highest grain yield was observed under non-saline well-watered conditions whereas the lowest grain yield was recorded under severe salinity and drought stress imposed at the flowering stage. In conclusion, the flowering stage was more sensitive than the heading and kernel extension stages in terms of water deficit. The impact of salinity and water deficit was more pronounced on soluble sugars and leaf free proline; so, these criteria can be used as physiological indicators for drought and salinity tolerance in triticale.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36119-y", doi = "10.1038/s41598-023-36119-y", openalex = "W4379052114", references = "doi10100797803877229799" } @article{doi101093femsecfiad024, author = "Tang, Guojian and Yang, Fan and Li, Xinqin and Tian, Rong and Tang, Ruxue and Xu, Liuxing and Zhang, Jianguo", title = "Effects of leaf properties on the counts of microbes on the leaf surfaces of wheat, rye and triticale", year = "2023", journal = "FEMS Microbiology Ecology", abstract = "Currently, our understanding of the effects of glaucousness on the population sizes of microbial communities on leaf surfaces is limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of glaucousness and chemical composition on the colony-forming unit (CFU) counts of microbes on leaf surfaces. Various leaf morphological and physicochemical features, microbial CFU counts and glaucousness on the leaf surfaces of wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Shimai No.1), rye (Secale cereale var. Gannong No.1) and triticale (Triticale wittmack var. Gannong No.2) were assessed. The results showed that larger CFU counts of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts were found on the non-glaucous leaf surfaces in wheat than on the glaucous leaf surfaces in rye and triticale. The CFU counts of LAB and yeasts were negatively correlated with the amount of soluble wax (P < 0.05), and positively correlated with the contents of starch and fructose in leaf tissue (P < 0.05), soluble and reduced sugars, soluble protein and free amino acids on leaf surfaces (P < 0.05). The CFU counts of microbes on leaf surfaces were mainly influenced by the level of available carbon sources and glaucousness of leaf surfaces.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad024", doi = "10.1093/femsec/fiad024", openalex = "W4324304727", references = "doi101016s0065211308608755" } @article{doi101146annurevresource102422090105, author = "Ewert, Frank and Baatz, Roland and Finger, Robert", title = "Agroecology for a Sustainable Agriculture and Food System: From Local Solutions to Large-Scale Adoption", year = "2023", journal = "Annual Review of Resource Economics", abstract = "Agroecology is often considered as the ultimate and most comprehensive solution to the many challenges of the agricultural and food system, also referred to as the agri-food system. This review investigates to what extent agroecology can become the mainstream model for transforming agriculture toward more sustainable and resilient agri-food systems within the given economic and political context. We find that enhancing agroecology will require a fully integrated multiscale systems approach from farm to region to globe. The approach must consider relevant processes and relationships, actors and stakeholders as well as drivers, sustainability indicators, and the respective assessment methods across all scales. Giving specific attention to drivers related to economy, technology, and policy we point out that agroecology needs to be economically viable for farmers and other food system actors. In particular, new and emerging technologies related to digitalization and breeding should be given more consideration in agroecological transformation. We stress the need for an analytical and operational framework and adequate multiscale policy design and suggest six areas of needed attention to support the large-scale adoption of agroecology.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-102422-090105", doi = "10.1146/annurev-resource-102422-090105", openalex = "W4384008139", references = "doi101007s1359302000646z" } @article{doi101515biol20220713, author = "Sharma, Amit and Sharma, Amit and Sharma, Ashutosh and Sharma, Ashutosh and Tselykh, Alexey and Bozhenyuk, Alexander and Choudhury, Tanupriya and Alomar, Madani Abdu and Sánchez‐Chero, Manuel", title = "Artificial intelligence and internet of things oriented sustainable precision farming: Towards modern agriculture", year = "2023", journal = "Open Life Sciences", abstract = "Agriculture encompasses the study, practice, and discipline of plant cultivation. Agriculture has an extensive history dating back thousands of years. Depending on climate and terrain, it began independently in various locations on the planet. In comparison to what could be sustained by foraging and gathering, agriculture has the potential to significantly increase the human population. Throughout the twenty-first century, precision farming (PF) has increased the agricultural output. precision agriculture (PA) is a technology-enabled method of agriculture that assesses, monitors, and evaluates the needs of specific fields and commodities. The primary objective of this farming method, as opposed to conventional farming, is to increase crop yields and profitability through the precise application of inputs. This work describes in depth the development and function of artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT) in contemporary agriculture. Modern day-to-day applications rely extensively on AI and the IoT. Modern agriculture leverages AI and IoT for technological advancement. This improves the accuracy and profitability of modern agriculture. The use of AI and IoT in modern smart precision agricultural applications is highlighted in this work and the method proposed incorporates specific steps in PF and demonstrates superior performance compared to existing classification methods. It achieves a remarkable accuracy of 98.65\%, precision of 98.32\%, and recall rate of 97.65\% while retaining competitive execution time of 0.23 s, when analysing PF using the FAOSTAT benchmark dataset. Additionally, crucial equipment and methods used in PF are described and the vital advantages and real-time tools utilised in PA are covered in detail.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0713", doi = "10.1515/biol-2022-0713", openalex = "W4387680949", references = "doi101016jjksuci202301014" } @article{doi1017221672023cjfs, author = "Kamanova, Svetlana and Yermekov, Yernaz and Shah, Kamran and Mulati, Azigul and Liu, X. H. and Bulashev, Berdibek and Toimbayeva, Dana and Ospankulova, Gulnazym", title = "Review on nutritional benefits of triticale", year = "2023", journal = "Czech Journal of Food Sciences", abstract = "Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a hybrid cereal prepared by crossing wheat and rye. Triticale grain contains substances that have a positive effect on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer, and type 2 diabetes, as well as increasing body's immune response and intestinal function, which warrants a need for greater attention to research on triticale crop's nutritional composition. This review covers the most recent research on the nutritional composition of triticale grain in comparison to other cereals, its role in the food industry, and its usage as a food, providing a scientific foundation for triticale's further development as a sustainable crop. Due to the wide variety of chemical compounds revealed in triticale grain, it has the potential to be utilised as a substitute cereal for various food and beverages.", url = "https://doi.org/10.17221/67/2023-cjfs", doi = "10.17221/67/2023-cjfs", openalex = "W4385634665", references = "doi101016jjcs201204004, doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi103390agronomy13061589, author = "Jastrzębska, Magdalena and Kostrzewska, Marta K. and Marks, Marek", title = "Is Diversified Crop Rotation an Effective Non-Chemical Strategy for Protecting Triticale Yield and Weed Diversity?", year = "2023", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "Diversified crop rotation (DCR) has re-gained attention worldwide as a non-chemical practice for increasing the sustainability of cereal production systems. This study focused on comparing the effects of two weed management strategies, DCR (the six-field system: potato–oat–fiber flax–winter rye–faba bean–winter triticale) without the application of a herbicide (DCR strategy) and with the application of a herbicide (DCR + H strategy) on the yield of winter triticale and on the biomass and species, taxonomic, and functional diversities of weed communities. In addition, the responses of two triticale cultivars, Trapero and Borowik, to the weed management strategies were evaluated. Data from five growing seasons (2017–2021) of a long-term experiment (Bałcyny, northeastern Poland) are presented. The DCR strategy proved less effective in protecting the triticale yield than DCR + H but provided greater weed species, taxonomic and functional diversities. Borowik had a higher yield and responded to herbicide abandonment with a lower yield loss. When the DCR strategy was used, Borowik was more competitive against weeds than Trapero without reducing weed diversity. The triticale yield correlated negatively with weed biomass and diversity, and weed diversity and weed biomass were positively correlated. The findings show that winter triticale can be grown in DCR without the application of a herbicide if a high-yield, competitive cultivar such as Borowik is used. Growing such a cultivar under DCR conditions without the application of a herbicide promotes weed diversity; however, in years with less favorable weather conditions, it may be necessary to accept a moderately lower yield compared to the yield provided with herbicide protection. The relationship between weed diversity and weather conditions is a subject for further research.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13061589", doi = "10.3390/agronomy13061589", openalex = "W4380536747", references = "doi101007s1068100896909, doi101007s13593020006316, doi101007s13593021007428, doi1010160040580982900041, doi101046j13653180200300326x, doi101046j1466822x200300015x, doi101111j13652745200801430x, doi101126science1064088, doi1023071941795, doi103390agronomy10081144, doi103390su12062342" } @article{doi103390ani13081331, author = "Grela, Eugeniusz R. and Kowalczuk-Vasilev, Edyta and Świątkiewicz, Małgorzata and Skiba, G.", title = "Barley, Triticale, or Rye? The Type of Grain Can Affect the Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Sustainable Raised Pigs", year = "2023", journal = "Animals", abstract = "The effect of high level of barley, triticale, or rye as base of complete mixtures for growing-finishing pigs on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and fatty acid profile in meat and backfat was investigated. The 100-day experiment involved 72 pigs, assigned into three groups (24 animals each). Pigs of each group were kept in six pens (two gilts and two barrows per pen). Diets offered to pigs differed in the proportion of cereals as the leading ingredients in the mixture formulation: I-barley, II-triticale, III-rye. The results showed diversified grain influence on the production results and meat quality. Triticale- and barley-based diets ensured better weight gain and lower carcass fatness than rye (p ≤ 0.05). The basic nutrients digestibility of mixtures containing triticale was comparable to that containing barley and higher than that of rye (p ≤ 0.05). The meat and backfat of pigs receiving diet with triticale or barley was characterized by more favorable fatty acids profile in respect to the health-promoting indicators (atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indexes; hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio). The cholesterol level in various tissues was the lowest in pigs fed with rye diet, and their meat characterized by better water holding capacity and more SFA. Higher fat saturation indicate better resistance to oxidation during storage and longer meat shelf life. It seems that the supplementation of triticale to diet may improve the growth efficiency of pigs and the health-promoting value of meat, while the supplementation of rye may be better for the production of traditional or long-matured meat products.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13081331", doi = "10.3390/ani13081331", openalex = "W4365448130", references = "doi1024326asx201812" } @article{doi103390app13116434, author = "Kubiak, Adrianna and Wolna-Maruwka, Agnieszka and Pilarska, Agnieszka A. and Niewiadomska, Alicja and Piotrowska‐Cyplik, Agnieszka", title = "Fungi of the Trichoderma Genus: Future Perspectives of Benefits in Sustainable Agriculture", year = "2023", journal = "Applied Sciences", abstract = "The negative impact of chemical pesticides on the environment and human health has contributed to the introduction of legal regulations that ensure the reduction in the use of agrochemicals in favor of biological products. The existing review of the literature, including our research, clearly shows that the ideal biocontrol agents are Trichoderma fungi. The production of antibiotics, lytic enzymes degrading the cell walls of plant pathogens, or inducing a defense response in plants are just some of the features supporting the wide use of these microorganisms in sustainable agriculture. It is estimated that currently about 60\% of biofungicides used to eliminate fungal pathogens are produced based on Trichoderma sp. strains.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/app13116434", doi = "10.3390/app13116434", openalex = "W4378220995", references = "doi103390agronomy12081808" } @article{doi103390en16083315, author = "Dybek, Barbara and Anders, Dorota and Hołaj-Krzak, Jakub T. and Hałasa, Łukasz and Maj, Grzegorz and Kapłan, Magdalena and Klimek, Kamila and Filipczak, Gabriel and Wałowski, Grzegorz", title = "Assessment of the Prospects of Polish Non-Food Energy Agriculture in the Context of a Renewable Energy Source", year = "2023", journal = "Energies", abstract = "This paper describes examples of energy crops that are profitable to burn, and whose cultivation is not complicated or expensive. Rapid growth of biomass, especially the green mass of energy crops, is indicated, which means that, in relation to fossil fuels, energy crops are considered renewable raw materials. An assessment of Polish non-food energy agriculture was conducted in the context of the prospects of a renewable energy source, namely, biomass. Recommendations for crop cultivation, the size of possible yields and the most important parameters of the obtained biomass, which have the greatest impact on the suitability of energy use, are presented. Materials of biological origin for combustion are divided into three groups: wood waste, by-products and plant products for the energy industry. It is indicated that 2 tons (Mg) of dry wood or straw is energetically equivalent to 1 Mg of coal, and 1 m3 of biogas is energetically equivalent to 1 kg of Polish coal. A novelty of this article is the interpretation of obtaining primary energy, including energy from renewable sources, in the European Union and Poland, taking into account the production of wood waste, straw, cereals and energy crops. The mechanism of the impact of the production parameters of energy crops was revealed during the prepared analysis of the prospects of Polish energy agriculture. Additionally, we conducted an analysis of the potential of biomass as a source of energy in the context of: obtaining primary energy, including energy from renewable sources, in the European Union and Poland; the number of biogas plants in Poland; and the area of agricultural land that is potentially useful for the cultivation of energy crops.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/en16083315", doi = "10.3390/en16083315", openalex = "W4363672685", references = "doi1024326asx201812" } @article{doi103390foods12183418, author = "Piazza, I. and Carnevali, Paola and Faccini, N. and Baronchelli, Marina and Terzi, Valeria and Morcia, Caterina and Ghizzoni, Roberta and Patrone, Vania and Morelli, Lorenzo and Cervini, Mariasole and Giuberti, Gianluca", title = "Combining Native and Malted Triticale Flours in Biscuits: Nutritional and Technological Implications", year = "2023", journal = "Foods", abstract = "Triticale-based biscuits were formulated with increasing substitution levels (i.e., 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100\% w / w) of malted triticale flour (MTF). The products were analyzed for technological and nutritional characteristics, including the evaluation of the in vitro starch digestion. The results indicated that the substitution of triticale flour with MTF increased (p p p p < 0.05) with increasing MTF levels. Overall, MTF could be used to formulate biscuits with higher dietary fiber content than native triticale flour and a medium to high in vitro glycemic index value as a function of the substitution level.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12183418", doi = "10.3390/foods12183418", openalex = "W4386741505", references = "doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi103390life13101970, author = "Kruppa, József and Kanbar, Osama Zuhair and Tóth, Zoltán and Kiss, E. and Bóna, Lajos and Lantos, Csaba and Pauk, János", title = "Induction of Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) In Vitro Androgenesis in Anther Cultures of F1 Hybrid Combinations, Varieties and Homogeneity Testing of Offspring Generation", year = "2023", journal = "Life", abstract = "In cereal breeding, in vitro androgenesis methods are frequently applied to achieve doubled haploid (DH) plants. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of genotype (three registered varieties and eight F 1 crossing combinations) and induction medium (W14mf and P4mf) on anther cultures (ACs) of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack). Androgenesis was induced in the treatment of each tested genotype, and the genotype significantly influenced the efficiency of AC, including in embryo-like structures (ELSs), albinos, green plantlets, and transplanted plantlets. The utilized medium also had a significant effect on the number of ELSs, albinos, and transplanted plantlets. Both media were suitable for AC in triticale DH plant production. The efficiency of AC was higher when using the P4mf medium (103.7 ELS/100 anthers, 19.7 green plantlets/100 anthers) than when using the W14mf medium (90.0 ELS/100 anthers, 17.0 green plantlets/100 anthers). However, the green plantlet regeneration efficiency of microspore-derived structures was 18.0\% when using the W14mf medium, while this value was 15.9\% in the case of ELSs induced with the P4mf medium. After nursery seed evaluation and propagation (DH 1), the genetic homogeneity of the offspring generation (DH 2) was tested using a molecular genetic method. Most of the tested DH lines showed homogeneity and were progressed into a breeding program after agronomic selection. Some DH lines showed inhomogeneity, which could be explained by the outcross inclination of triticale. We would like to call breeders' attention to the outcross character of triticale and emphasize the vigilant propagation and maintenance of the triticale DH lines in breeding programs. Due to the outcross nature of triticale, even in self-pollinated genotypes, breeders should focus on careful maintenance, along with isolation in the case of line propagations, in triticale breeding programs.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/life13101970", doi = "10.3390/life13101970", openalex = "W4387101195", references = "doi101007s13353022007197" } @article{doi103390plants12030619, author = "Gołębiowska, Gabriela and Dyda, Mateusz", title = "The Genome Regions Associated with Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance, as Well as Other Important Breeding Traits in Triticale", year = "2023", journal = "Plants", abstract = "This review article presents the greatest challenges in modern triticale breeding. Genetic maps that were developed and described thus far, together with the quantitative trait loci and candidate genes linked to important traits are also described. The most important part of this review is dedicated to a winter triticale mapping population based on doubled haploid lines obtained from a cross of the cultivars 'Hewo' and 'Magnat'. Many research studies on this population have focused on the analysis of quantitative trait loci regions associated with abiotic (drought and freezing) and biotic (pink snow mold and powdery mildew) stress tolerance as well as related to other important breeding traits such as stem length, plant height, spike length, number of the productive spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, and thousand kernel weight. In addition, candidate genes located among these regions are described in detail. A comparison analysis of all of these results revealed the location of common quantitative trait loci regions on the rye chromosomes 4R, 5R, and 6R, with a particular emphasis on chromosome 5R. Described here are the candidate genes identified in the above genome regions that may potentially play an important role in the analysis of trait expression. Nevertheless, these results should guide further research using molecular methods of gene identification and it is worth extending the research to other mapping populations. The article is also a review of research led by other authors on the triticale tolerance to the most current stress factors appearing in the breeding.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030619", doi = "10.3390/plants12030619", openalex = "W4318834014", references = "openalexw2063849688" } @article{doi103390plants12132561, author = "Korpetis, Evangelos and Ninou, Elissavet and Mylonas, Ioannis and Ouzounidou, Georgia and Xynias, I. N. and Mavromatis, Athanasios", title = "Bread Wheat Landraces Adaptability to Low-Input Agriculture", year = "2023", journal = "Plants", abstract = {Bread wheat landraces were an important source of biodiversity used in agriculture before the widespread adoption of high-yielding commercial cultivars adapted to high inputs. Could future agriculture exploit these landraces in different cropping systems in organic or lower-input environments? A two-year field trial was conducted to evaluate grain yield, agronomic performance, and grain quality of bread wheat landraces under different cropping systems, including low-input/organic/conventional environments. Significant variability was found for almost all characteristics among landraces, which makes landraces valuable sources of genetic variation for breeding programs aimed at achieving high and consistent production as well as high-quality products in low-input/organic environments. Additionally, landraces play a crucial role in expanding the genetic diversity of cultivated bread wheat and mitigating biodiversity erosion, thereby enabling crops to better withstand the challenges of low-input/organic agriculture. The landrace "Xilokastro Lamias" had the highest yield among the landraces evaluated in the first growing season (2.65 t·ha -1) and one of the highest yields (2.52 t·ha -1) of all genotypes in the second growing season, which shows promising potential as a starting material in breeding programs targeting high and stable yields. GGE biplot analysis identified the landrace "Xilokastro Lamias", along with commercial cultivars "Yecora E" and "Panifor", as suitable candidates for direct use in low-input/organic wheat farming systems to achieve enhanced productivity. In the conventional environment (C2-IPGRB), commercial cultivars showed the highest values (3.09 to 3.41 ton·ha -1). Of the landraces, only the X4 showed a high GY (3.10 ton·ha -1) while the other landraces had \textasciitilde 33-85\% lower yield. In the organic environment (O2-IPGRB), the highest productivity was found in the commercial cultivar X5 and the landrace X4. Commercial cultivars X8 and X7 showed \textasciitilde 68\% reduction in GY in the organic environment compared to the conventional, while this reduction was half for the landraces. Finally, the reduction in grain yield between conventional and organic environments was observed to be 45\% for commercial cultivars, while it was only half for landraces. This finding confirms the adaptability of landraces to organic agriculture.}, url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132561", doi = "10.3390/plants12132561", openalex = "W4383553923", references = "doi103390agronomy10121900, doi103390plants12051022" } @article{doi103390pr11051477, author = "Dziki, Dariusz and Hassoon, Waleed H. and Kramek, Aneta and Krajewska, Anna", title = "Grinding Characteristics of New Varieties of Winter Triticale Grain", year = "2023", journal = "Processes", abstract = "Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack), developed by crossing rye and wheat, is increasingly applied in food production. The aim of this paper was to study the grinding process of eight new triticale grain (TG) varieties harvested in 2020 and 2021. TG was tempered to 12\% of moisture and a knife mill was used for the size reduction. The following parameters characterizing the grinding process of TG were determined: specific grinding energy, Sokołowski grinding index, particle size distribution and average particle size. Additionally, the basic chemical composition, total phenolic content and antiradical activity of TG were determined. The protein content of TG was strongly influenced both by the variety and harvesting year, while other components were mostly affected by the genetic factor. The strongest influence on the grinding indices has a variety of TG. Specific grinding energy varied in the range of 14.0 kJ kg−1–17.8 kJ kg−1 and was positively correlated with the size of ground particles. Especially, the grain of Belcanto required lower grinding energy requirements and showed the strongest antioxidant capacity compared with other varieties of TG.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11051477", doi = "10.3390/pr11051477", openalex = "W4376273559", references = "doi101002jsfa4338, doi101002mnfr201600852, doi101016jfoodchem201211001, doi101016jfoodchem201709009, doi101016jjcs200905001, doi101016s0891584998003153, doi10108010408390802248734, doi101080109429122011642440, doi1021005asp202019203, doi103390agronomy10081144, doi103390pr6060069, doi104172215771101000146" } @article{doi103390su15032338, author = "Khangura, Ravjit and Ferris, David and Wagg, Cameron and Bowyer, Jamie", title = "Regenerative Agriculture—A Literature Review on the Practices and Mechanisms Used to Improve Soil Health", year = "2023", journal = "Sustainability", abstract = "Conventional farming practices can lead to soil degradation and a decline in productivity. Regenerative agriculture (RA) is purported by advocates as a solution to these issues that focuses on soil health and carbon sequestration. The fundamental principles of RA are to keep the soil covered, minimise soil disturbance, preserve living roots in the soil year round, increase species diversity, integrate livestock, and limit or eliminate the use of synthetic compounds (such as herbicides and fertilisers). The overall objectives are to rejuvenate the soil and land and provide environmental, economic, and social benefits to the wider community. Despite the purported benefits of RA, a vast majority of growers are reluctant to adopt these practices due to a lack of empirical evidence on the claimed benefits and profitability. We examined the reported benefits and mechanisms associated with RA against available scientific data. The literature suggests that agricultural practices such as minimum tillage, residue retention, and cover cropping can improve soil carbon, crop yield, and soil health in certain climatic zones and soil types. Excessive use of synthetic chemicals can lead to biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. Combining livestock with cropping and agroforestry in the same landscape can increase soil carbon and provide several co-benefits. However, the benefits of RA practices can vary among different agroecosystems and may not necessarily be applicable across multiple agroecological regions. Our recommendation is to implement rigorous long-term farming system trials to compare conventional and RA practices in order to build knowledge on the benefits and mechanisms associated with RA on regional scales. This will provide growers and policy-makers with an evidence base from which to make informed decisions about adopting RA practices to realise their social and economic benefits and achieve resilience against climate change.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032338", doi = "10.3390/su15032338", openalex = "W4318476928", references = "doi101016jmicres201511007" } @article{doi103390su151411075, author = "Jańczak-Pieniążek, Marta", title = "The Influence of Cropping Systems on Photosynthesis, Yield, and Grain Quality of Selected Winter Triticale Cultivars", year = "2023", journal = "Sustainability", abstract = "Soil serves as the fundamental foundation for agricultural production; however, inappropriate utilization of soil in conventional cropping systems (CONV) coupled with agricultural practices focused on maximizing profit through the attainment of high-quality grain yield contributes to its degradation. An alternative to the CONV is the integrated cropping system (INTEG), which is based on sustainable plant cultivation by reducing the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers. An interesting two-factor field experiment with winter triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) was conducted in 2019–2022 in south-eastern Poland. The experimental factors in this study included three winter triticale cultivars, namely Avokado, Medalion, Rotondo, and SU Liborius, and two cropping systems, CONV and INTEG. It was found that the use of the CONV brought out higher grain yield with higher protein and lower fat content. The cultivation of triticale grain under the CONV resulted in a higher thousand-grain weight (TGW), improved grain uniformity, and higher test weight values compared to INTEG. Additionally, the use of the CONV system resulted in improved values of physiological parameters (chlorophyll content and fluorescence and gas exchange), and that was caused by improved photosynthetic efficiency of triticale plants as a result of increased doses of mineral fertilizers, despite being cultivated in the INTEG; cv. SU Liborius achieved better values of yield parameters among the tested triticale cultivars grown in the CONV. Therefore, the selection of a suitable, efficient cultivar allows its growth under lower fertilization conditions and produces high grain yields of good quality. This knowledge can be valuable to farmers, as it would facilitate the selection of a triticale cultivar with the appropriate genetic profile for cultivation under specific agronomic conditions. Eventually, it would allow for the propagation of sustainable agricultural practices and contribute to enhancing soil biodiversity while maintaining the cost-effectiveness of agricultural production.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411075", doi = "10.3390/su151411075", openalex = "W4384557680", references = "openalexw2189367984" } @article{doi107717peerj16256, author = "Ramadan, E. A. and Freeg, Haytham A. and Shalaby, Nagwa and Rizk, M. and Ma, Jun and Du, Wenhua and Ibrahim, Omar M. and Alwutayd, Khairiah Mubarak and AbdElgawad, Hamada and Jo, Ick-Hyun and El-Tahan, Amira M.", title = "Response of nine triticale genotypes to different salt concentrations at the germination and early seedling stages", year = "2023", journal = "PeerJ", abstract = "Salinity stress poses a major challenge to agricultural productivity worldwide, and understanding their responses at the early growth stage is vital for devising strategies to cope with this stress. Therefore, to improve triticale productivity, this study investigated the salinity stress tolerance of different salt-tolerant triticale genotypes aiming to cultivate them on saline soils. To this end, salinity stress impacts on nine triticale genotypes, i.e., Zhongsi 1084, Gannong No. 2, Gannong No. 4, Shida No. 1, C6, C16, C23, C25 and C36 at germination and early seedling stages was evaluated. Each genotype was subjected to six treatments inducing control, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 mM NaCl treatments to study their effect on seedling and termination traits of the nine genotypes. Compared to the overall mean seedling vigor index, the seedling vigor index was higher in the genotypes Zhongsi 1084 and C6 (39\% and 18.1\%, respectively) and lower in Gannong No.2 (41\%). Increasing NaCl concentrations negatively affected germination and seedling traits. Compared to other genotypes, Zhongsi 1084 had the highest mean germination rate, germination vigor index, germination percentage, mean daily germination and germination energy. It also showed the lowest relative salt injury. The relative salt injury was higher in the genotype Shida No. 1 than those in Gannong No. 2, Gannong No. 4, Shida No. 1, C16, and C36 genotypes. All genotypes exhibited desirable mean germination time except for line C6. High significant positive correlations were observed among germination rate, germination vigor index, germination percentage, mean daily germination, seedling vigor index, and root length. Principal component analysis (PCA) grouped the most desirable genotypes into two clusters. Our study determined salt stress tolerance of nine triticale genotypes at germination and early seedling stages. to select salt-tolerant genotypes that can be cultivated on saline soil or after salt irrigation.", url = "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16256", doi = "10.7717/peerj.16256", openalex = "W4390053409", references = "doi101016jaaspro201602083" } @incollection{doi10100797898197254278, author = "Hamid, Hamid and Kathuria, Deepika and Gautam, Sunakshi and Suri, Shweta and Jaiswal, Amit K.", title = "Triticale", year = "2024", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-2542-7\_8", doi = "10.1007/978-981-97-2542-7\_8", openalex = "W4402017366", references = "doi101080109429122011642440" } @article{doi101007s42976024006090, author = "Mosaad, Ibrahim and Selim, El-Metwally M. and Gaafar, Doaa and Al-Anoos, Mohamed A. T.", title = "Effects of humic and fulvic acids on forage production and grain quality of triticale under various soil salinity levels", year = "2024", journal = "Cereal Research Communications", abstract = "Abstract The problem of soil salinity poses a significant challenge to global agriculture, adversely affecting crop development and yield. Triticale, a hybrid cereal crop, shows promise due to its resilience and adaptability. However, high soil salinity can hinder its full potential. Humic substances, derived from organic matter decomposition, have been found to enhance plants' ability to withstand environmental stress. This research aims to investigate the impact of humic compounds, particularly humic and fulvic acids, on triticale development, yield components, and biochemical composition. The study was conducted in three locations with varying salinity levels in northern Egypt over two consecutive winter seasons. The results showed that humic substances had a positive effect on various growth parameters, including plant height and root length. Additionally, they led to significant increases in fresh fodder production, relative water content, and 1000-grain weight, mitigating the detrimental effects of soil salinity. The presence of humic substances also positively influenced several physiological aspects of plants, such as increased chlorophyll content, reduced proline accumulation, and enhanced protein and carbohydrate levels, particularly under saline conditions. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between plant characteristics influenced by humic substances, indicating their potential to improve growth, photosynthesis, and yield. These findings underscore the potential benefits of supplementing triticale crops with humic materials to enhance productivity and quality in saline soils. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize their application in practical agricultural settings.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-024-00609-0", doi = "10.1007/s42976-024-00609-0", openalex = "W4405652421", references = "doi101556crc42201431" } @article{doi101016jcompag2024109037, author = "Ram, Billy G. and Oduor, Peter G. and Igathinathane, C. and Howatt, Kirk and Sun, Xin", title = "A systematic review of hyperspectral imaging in precision agriculture: Analysis of its current state and future prospects", year = "2024", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", abstract = "Hyperspectral sensor adaptability in precision agriculture to digital images is still at its nascent stage. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is data rich in solving agricultural problems like disease detection, weed detection, stress detection, crop monitoring, nutrient application, soil mineralogy, yield estimation, and sorting applications. With modern precision agriculture, the challenge now is to bring these applications to the field for real-time solutions, where machines are enabled to conduct analyses without expert supervision and communicate the results to users for better management of farmlands; a necessary step to gain complete autonomy in agricultural farmlands. Significant advancements in HSI technology for precision agriculture are required to fully realize its potential. As a wide-ranging collection of the status of HSI and analysis in precision agriculture is lacking, this review endeavors to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements and trends of HSI in precision agriculture for real-time applications. In this study, a systematic review of 163 scientific articles published over the past twenty years (2003–2023) was conducted. Of these, 97 were selected for further analysis based on their relevance to the topic at hand. Topics include conventional data preprocessing techniques, hyperspectral data acquisition, data compression methods, and segmentation methods. The hardware implementation of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and graphics processing units (GPUs) for high-speed data processing and application of machine learning and deep learning technologies were explored. This review highlights the potential of HSI as a powerful tool for precision agriculture, particularly in real-time applications, discusses limitations, and provides insights into future research directions.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109037", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2024.109037", openalex = "W4397001018", references = "doi103390rs12162659" } @article{doi101111gfs12666, author = "He, Junsheng and Liu, Hancheng and Ren, Yuxin and Liu, Haibo and Du, Wenhua", title = "Effects of nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density on the forage yield and quality of autumn‐sown triticale in an alpine grazing area of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, China", year = "2024", journal = "Grass and Forage Science", abstract = "Abstract ‘Gannong No. 2’ triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a cold‐resistant annual forage crop variety, which can be planted as artificial pasture to solve the problem of forage shortage in the Gannan alpine grazing area of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. However, the optimal nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density for obtaining high yield and quality forage are still unknown. In this study, the effects of nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density on the forage yield and quality of autumn‐sown ‘Gannong No. 2’ triticale were studied. We used a split‐plot design, with five nitrogen fertilization rates assigned to the main plots, namely 0 (A1), 120 (A2), 240 (A3), 360 (A4), and 480 kg N ha −1 (A5), and five seeding densities assigned to subplots: 506 × 10 4 (B1), 675 × 10 4 (B2), 843 × 10 4 (B3), 1011 × 10 4 (B4), and 1180 × 10 4 seeds ha −1 (B5). Significant differences in lodging rate, tiller number, hay yield, crude protein content, neutral detergent fibre, and relative feed value were observed at different fertilization levels. Significant differences were found in lodging rate, plant height, tiller number, hay yield, contents of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre, dry matter digestibility, and relative feed value among the seeding density treatments. The interaction of nitrogen fertilization rate and seeding density significantly affected forage yield and quality, with the A3B3 treatment having the highest comprehensive evaluation value. In alpine grazing areas of the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, 240 kg N ha −1 and 843 × 10 4 seeds ha −1 should therefore be used for autumn‐sown triticale.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12666", doi = "10.1111/gfs.12666", openalex = "W4394817647", references = "doi101007bf00228683" } @article{doi10115520249948844, author = "Simion, Tariku and Takiso, Selamawit Markos and Lema, Melese", title = "Stability and Adaptability of Triticale (Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus) Varieties Across Environmental Conditions in the Highlands of Southern Ethiopia", year = "2024", journal = "International Journal of Agronomy", abstract = "Triticale combines the yield and quality of wheat with the disease resistance of rye. To choose stable and reasonably high‐yielding varieties and to estimate the degree of variation and environmental interactions, five triticale varieties and one local check were assessed at Dita, Chencha, Bonke, and Kamba localities during 2020 and 2021 in Gamo, South Ethiopia. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model, and interaction principal component analysis (IPCA1 and IPCA2) indicated significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences between habitats, varieties, and their interactions. The contributions of IPCAs 1 and 2 to the overall variety by environment interaction were substantial (p ≤ 0.01) and accounted for 67.3\% and 18.1\%, respectively. The average grain yield of the varieties Sinan (4085 kg·ha −1) and Dersolign (4081 kg·ha −1) performed better than those of the other varieties without significantly varying, and Minet (3614 kg·ha −1) was next. The Models demonstrated that Dersolign and Minet were stable and recommended for production in a variety of environments with IPCA values close to zero, low (GSI), low AMMI stability value, and high mean grain yield throughout the environments. Dersolign and Minet are hence for broad production due to their high inflexibility.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9948844", doi = "10.1155/2024/9948844", openalex = "W4404235815", references = "doi1020431245462240509002" } @article{doi101186s1287002304679w, author = "Orłowska, Renata and Zimny, J. and Żebrowski, Jacek and Androsiuk, Piotr and Bednarek, Piotr Tomasz", title = "An insight into tissue culture-induced variation origin shared between anther culture-derived triticale regenerants", year = "2024", journal = "BMC Plant Biology", abstract = "The amounts of pectin demethylation, SAM, de novo methylation, and GSH are connected in the model to explain GPRE. By altering the concentration of Cu(II) ions in the medium, which influences the amount of pectin, triticale's GPRE can be increased.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04679-w", doi = "10.1186/s12870-023-04679-w", openalex = "W4390719349", references = "doi101007s13353022007197" } @article{doi1024294jipdv8i86207, author = "Erokhin, Vasilii and Самыгин, Денис and Куликова, Т.В. and Bobryshev, Alexey and Kirikutsa, Elena G. and Ryazantsev, Ivan and Petricheva, Alina Sergeevna", title = "Regional dimension of the efficiency-support nexus in agriculture: Testing the land value approach in Russia", year = "2024", journal = "Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development", abstract = "State support for agriculture is a crucial tool for adjusting the competitive advantages of agricultural producers to a volatile market environment. In countries with diverse natural conditions for agriculture, however, the allocation of subsidies often focuses on bridging spatial development gaps rather than maximizing the return on inputs. To improve the efficiency of resource use in agriculture, it is essential to tailor subsidy criteria to regional disparities in agricultural potential. Using the example of Russia’s 81 administrative regions, the authors have tested a five-stage methodology for determining the support-generated parameters of output, efficiency, impact, revenue, and profitability. This methodology takes into account both natural and economic factors that contribute to the competitive advantages of each region. The study aims to identify the parts of the performance indicators, such as gross agricultural output and revenue, that are influenced by the amount of subsidies in five different types of territories, which are categorized by the cadastral value of their farmland. It has been found that the allocation of subsidies is not entirely based on the return on the funds allocated. There is a discrepancy between the competitive advantages of these territories in agricultural production and the amount of funds they receive through government support programs. The efficiency of government support differs significantly depending on the type of agricultural product produced in each territory. The approach developed by the authors provides a tool that policy makers can use when tuning the allocation of subsidies based on the differences in the agricultural potential of each territory.", url = "https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i8.6207", doi = "10.24294/jipd.v8i8.6207", openalex = "W4401497388", references = "doi103390agriculture14020297" } @article{doi1031073kormovyrobnytstvo20249801, author = "Tromsiuk, V.D. and Bugayov, V. D.", title = "Evaluation of feed productivity traits of winter triticale source material", year = "2024", journal = "Feeds and Feed Production", abstract = "Purpose. To identify promising samples of winter triticale by elements of feed productivity, which can be included in the breeding process to create source material for mowing purposes. Methods. Field (phenological observations and records of dry matter yield), laboratory (determination of dry matter yield), mathematical and statistical (evaluation of the experimental data). Results. The traits of feed productivity of collection samples of winter triticale during 2022-2024 were evaluated. It was determined that the height of plants varied significantly by years of research in 2022 from 53 to 109 cm, 2023 – 60-134 cm, 2024 – 60-144 cm. We identified samples that on average exceeded the standard by 11-35.6\% in terms of plant height: NTH 1933, NTH 3476, Khleborob, Pavlodarskyi, Sybyrskyi, Tornado, Soiuz, Urahan and Strateh. This variation may lead to differences in other biomass characteristics and green mass yields. The leaf area of plants varied slightly by year: in 2022 – from 45.0 to 72.3\%; in 2023 – 47.8-73.5\%; in 2024 – 50.8-78.6\%. According to the results of the calculations, only eight samples exceeded the standard for leafiness by 1-5\% – Parus, Serhyi, Nykanor, Bozhych, Maiak, Borislav, Tsekad 22 and Tsekad 90. A slight variation of dry matter was noted in 2022 – from 0.42 kg/m2 to 0.91 kg/m2, and a significant variation in 2023 – 0.58-1.43 kg/m2 and 2024 – 0.30-1.45 kg/m2. We identified 12 samples that significantly exceeded the Bogodarske standard by 3-31 \% – NTH 1933, Khleborob, Pavlodarskyi, Bozhych, Beta, Maiak, Desiatynne, Buket, Sybyrskyi, Tornado, Urahan and Strateh. Conclusions. According to the results of the study of the traits of feed productivity of winter triticale for three years, promising samples for further selection were identified, which can serve as a source material for the creation of winter triticale varieties with increased feed productivity.", url = "https://doi.org/10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo202498-01", doi = "10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo202498-01", openalex = "W4407130365", references = "doi103390pr11051477" } @article{doi103390agriculture14101707, author = "Gao, Run and Liu, Yi and Wu, Bo and Jia, Chunlin and Yu, Zhu and Wang, Guoliang", title = "Effect of Harvest Maturity and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Inoculant on Dynamics of Fermentation Characteristics and Bacterial and Fungal Community of Triticale Silage", year = "2024", journal = "Agriculture", abstract = "(1) Background: Suitable harvest maturity stage selection and microbial inoculation during anaerobic fermentation are effective strategies for improving the quality of triticale (×Triticosecale) silage for ruminant nutrition. (2) Methods: In the present study, the fermentation characteristics, microbial communities, and their correlations were evaluated for triticale silages, as affected by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) inoculation at the heading, flowering, filling, milk-ripening, and wax-ripening stages. (3) Results: The results indicate that the filling and milk-ripening stages without LP inoculation resulted in lower pH and higher lactic acid than other harvest maturity stages (p < 0.05). Inoculating with LP decreased the pH at each harvest maturity stage, except for the filling stage, and increased the lactic acid concentration at the heading and filling stages (p < 0.05). The bacterial dynamics indicated that the abundances of Lactiplantebacilli and Monascus of the triticale silages without the LP inoculation were different between the harvest maturity stages (p < 0.05), and the abundance of Enterobacters was different between the harvest maturity stages in the triticale silage (p < 0.05). Remarkably, negative correlations were found between the Lactiplantebacillus, Monascus, and pH and positive correlations were found between the Lactiplantebacillus, Monascus, and lactic acid content (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: The filling and milk-ripening stages were the most suitable harvest maturity stages for the triticale silage. Inoculation with LP could enhance the fermentation quality, increase the abundances of beneficial microorganisms, and inhibit harmful microorganisms in triticale silage.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14101707", doi = "10.3390/agriculture14101707", openalex = "W4402994116", references = "doi101016s0065211308608755" } @article{doi103390agriculture14122219, author = "Jańczak-Pieniążek, Marta and Kaszuba, Joanna", title = "The Influence of Agrotechnical Factors on the Yield and Quality Parameters of Winter Triticale Grain", year = "2024", journal = "Agriculture", abstract = "Due to the high yield potential, suitable agrotechnical properties, and nutritional value of the grain, the interest in growing triticale is increasing due to the high yield potential, suitable agrotechnical properties, and nutritional value. This species is primarily grown for fodder purposes, but numerous studies suggest its potential for human consumption, including bread production. Additionally, triticale is known for its greater resistance to adverse environmental conditions compared to other crops, even under varying agronomic practices. A field experiment was conducted in southeastern Poland from 2019 to 2022. The study involved two cultivation systems (conventional and integrated) as one factor and three winter triticale cultivars (Belcanto, Meloman, and Panteon) as the other. The conventional system is based on the intensive cultivation of plants through the use of large amounts of fertilizers and crop protection products. The integrated system of cultivation is an alternative to the conventional system. This system aims to reduce the use of industrial inputs and, as a result, minimize the negative impact of agriculture on the natural environment. Cultivation under the conventional system resulted in higher grain yields and improved physiological parameter values. There was an increase in the leaf area index (LAI), relative chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (E)). The highest yields were achieved with the cv-Panteon and cv-Belcanto under the conventional system. The yields of these cultivars in the integrated system did not differ significantly from those of cv-Meloman under the conventional system. In the 2021/2022 season, the weather conditions were the most favorable during the triticale vegetation period, which resulted in the highest grain yield. The conventional system also resulted in higher thousand-grain weight (TGW), crude protein content, and grain test weight while lowering the falling number (FN) value. However, the cultivation systems did not significantly affect the grain uniformity, crude fat, fiber, or ash content, as well as wet gluten and gluten index (GI). The cv-Panteon exhibited the highest level of crude protein, crude fiber, and crude ash in its grain, suggesting its strong nutritional value and potential for use in human consumption. The cultivation of triticale in the integrated system, although associated with lower yields, causes less environmental pollution than cultivation in the conventional system. The appropriate selection of efficient cultivars grown in the integrated system allows for high grain yields with good quality parameters.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122219", doi = "10.3390/agriculture14122219", openalex = "W4405028124", references = "doi103390pr11051477" } @article{doi103390drones8110686, author = "Guebsi, Ridha and Mami, Sonia and Chokmani, Karem", title = "Drones in Precision Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review of Applications, Technologies, and Challenges", year = "2024", journal = "Drones", abstract = "In the face of growing challenges in modern agriculture, such as climate change, sustainable resource management, and food security, drones are emerging as essential tools for transforming precision agriculture. This systematic review, based on an in-depth analysis of recent scientific literature (2020–2024), provides a comprehensive synthesis of current drone applications in the agricultural sector, primarily focusing on studies from this period while including a few notable exceptions of particular interest. Our study examines in detail the technological advancements in drone systems, including innovative aerial platforms, cutting-edge multispectral and hyperspectral sensors, and advanced navigation and communication systems. We analyze diagnostic applications, such as crop monitoring and multispectral mapping, as well as interventional applications like precision spraying and drone-assisted seeding. The integration of artificial intelligence and IoTs in analyzing drone-collected data is highlighted, demonstrating significant improvements in early disease detection, yield estimation, and irrigation management. Specific case studies illustrate the effectiveness of drones in various crops, from viticulture to cereal cultivation. Despite these advancements, we identify several obstacles to widespread drone adoption, including regulatory, technological, and socio-economic challenges. This study particularly emphasizes the need to harmonize regulations on beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) flights and improve economic accessibility for small-scale farmers. This review also identifies key opportunities for future research, including the use of drone swarms, improved energy autonomy, and the development of more sophisticated decision-support systems integrating drone data. In conclusion, we underscore the transformative potential of drones as a key technology for more sustainable, productive, and resilient agriculture in the face of global challenges in the 21st century, while highlighting the need for an integrated approach combining technological innovation, adapted policies, and farmer training.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8110686", doi = "10.3390/drones8110686", openalex = "W4404524569", references = "doi103390rs12162659" } @article{doi103390encyclopedia4010027, author = "Gaviley, Olena V. and Katerynych, O. and Іонов, І. А. and Dekhtiarova, Olena and Griffin, Darren K. and Romanov, Michael N", title = "Triticale: A General Overview of Its Use in Poultry Production", year = "2024", journal = "Encyclopedia", abstract = "Triticale, a hybrid of wheat and rye, is one of the most promising grain crops. In terms of productivity, the level of metabolizable energy, and the composition of essential amino acids, triticale surpasses rye and is not inferior to wheat. It is resistant to the most dangerous diseases and pests. In terms of nutritional value, triticale can compete with wheat, corn, sorghum, and barley. The presence, however, of antinutrients in triticale such as non-starch polysaccharides, alkylresorcinols, and trypsin inhibitors significantly reduces the biological value of this crop. In the global practice of compound feed production, there are many methods and technologies for processing grain raw materials to increase their nutritional value. Enzymatic treatment and extrusion technologies are worthy of special attention. The high content of triticale in the compound feed of poultry breeder flocks should be used effectively, taking into account the characteristics of triticale varieties and climatic conditions. An optimal triticale level in feed (15\% for layer and broiler chicks) may improve body weight gain and reduce feed costs when raising replacement young stock. Layer breeder flocks fed a 20\% triticale-based diet may have increased egg production, high viability, and flock uniformity. Producing triticale–soy and triticale–sunflower extrudates and supplementing the diet of poultry flocks with essential amino acids represent promising avenues for maximizing the benefits of triticale. Innovative methods of achieving this goal should be further developed and put into practice, particularly given the expansion of triticale’s cultivation areas.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia4010027", doi = "10.3390/encyclopedia4010027", openalex = "W4391995236", references = "doi103390pr11051477" } @article{doi103390foods13111671, author = "Ghendov‐Moșanu, Aliona and Popa, Nicolae Florin and Paiu, Sergiu and Bоеstеаn, Оlgа and Bulgaru, Viorica and Leatamborg, Svetlana and Lupaşcu, Galina and Codină, Georgiana Gabriela", title = "Breadmaking Quality Parameters of Different Varieties of Triticale Cultivars", year = "2024", journal = "Foods", abstract = "The aim of this research is to investigate the quality of different triticale cultivars (Ingen 35, Ingen 33, Ingen 93, Ingen 54, Ingen 40, Fanica and Costel) cultivated in the Republic of Moldova from the point of view of the flour, dough, and bread quality characteristics. This research may be of great importance for producers and consumers due to the high production capacity, wide adaptability, economic significance in human foods and nutritional value of triticale cultivars. The triticale flours were analyzed for moisture, ash, protein, wet gluten, fat, carbohydrates, acidity and color parameters (L*, a* and b* values). According to the chemical values, the triticale flours were suitable for breadmaking. The moisture content was less than 14\% for all triticale varieties, indicating a long shelf life during its storage and the lowest protein content of 13.1\%. The mixing, pasting and fermentation characteristics of triticale dough were analyzed using Mixolab, falling number, dynamic rheometer, alveograph and rheofermentometer devices. All triticale flours presented high levels of α-amylase, with falling number values being less than 70 s. The bread quality characteristics analyzed were the loaf volume, porosity, acidity, and sensory characteristics, and the textural parameters examined were the hardness, gumminess, chewiness, cohesiveness, and resilience. Our data showed large differences in breadmaking quality parameters. However, according to the sensory data, all the bread samples except those obtained from the Costel variety were of a very good quality, being within a total sensory range of 25.26-29.85 points. According to the relationships between flour, dough and bread characteristics obtained through principal component analysis, it may be concluded that the triticale varieties Costel, Ingen 33, Ingen 93 and Fanica, and Ingen 35 were more closely associated with each other. Significant differences were found between the triticale variety samples Ingen 40, Fanica, and Ingen 35 and between Ingen 54, Ingen 33, Costel, and Ingen 93.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13111671", doi = "10.3390/foods13111671", openalex = "W4399046310", references = "doi103390pr11051477" } @article{doi1034659eis2024892655, author = "Chrobocińska, Katarzyna and Łukiewska, Katarzyna", title = "Development of organic agriculture in selected countries of the European Union", year = "2024", journal = "Economics and Environment", abstract = "The aim of the article was to assess the state and trends in the development of organic agriculture in selected European Union countries. The study presented and compared organic farming in 10 EU countries with the largest area of organic crops. The research shows that the largest area of organic crops was found in large agricultural countries of the EU, including i.e. France, Spain, and Italy, where there were the most organic farms. The only country that in 2020 exceeded the level of 25\% of the share of ecological areas in the total area of the country recommended by the European Green Deal was Austria. The niche nature of organic production was related to, among others, relatively low production profitability and low demand for organic food. In such a situation, it is worth recommending activities supporting organic farming, including ecological payments and other pro-ecological solutions.", url = "https://doi.org/10.34659/eis.2024.89.2.655", doi = "10.34659/eis.2024.89.2.655", openalex = "W4400082318", references = "doi103390agriculture14020297" } @incollection{crossref2025sustainable, title = "Sustainable Agriculture: Green Agriculture", year = "2025", booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Green Materials", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4618-7\_300775", doi = "10.1007/978-981-97-4618-7\_300775", openalex = "W4405833022", pages = "1736-1736" } @article{doi101007s4120702500834x, author = "Mouedden, M. El and Mabrouki, Jamal and Azdem, Driss and Hajjaji, Souad El", title = "The development of intelligent agriculture, the contribution of the Internet of Things (IoT) to modernization and its implications for precision farming: a review", year = "2025", journal = "Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-025-00834-x", doi = "10.1007/s41207-025-00834-x", openalex = "W4411104865", references = "doi103390agriculture14020297" } @article{doi101016jcompag2025110032, author = "Mohanty, Tirthankar and Pattanaik, Priyabrata and Dash, Subhaprada and Tripathy, Hara Prasada and Holderbaum, William", title = "Smart robotic system guided with YOLOv5 based machine learning framework for efficient herbicide usage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under precision agriculture", year = "2025", journal = "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture", abstract = "Conventional weed control methods, reliant on machinery and/or herbicide application, often incurred substantial expenses and yielded imprecise results. An innovative specialised weed control robotic method for accurate and minimal herbicide use is proposed to tackle these issues. Implementing robotic herbicide spraying, weed removal, and incorporation mechanisms along with the image recognition algorithm were introduced, leveraging intelligent automation to reduce costs and environmental hazards. Through image processing, weeds were pointed out and targeted for control in the rice field. A YOLOv5 machine learning framework underwent training using relevant datasets to facilitate precise weed management. The AI-driven robotic system, incorporating advanced image recognition capabilities, exhibited remarkable precision and swiftness, outperforming much better than manual labour in weed removal. This advancement in weed control technology helps farmers to optimise crop productivity, bolster food output, and address the ecological consequences linked with various chemicals; efforts were made to develop a prototype robotic system, which was subsequently built and evaluated in authentic agricultural settings. Experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Farm of SOA University, Binjhagiri, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, in a rice field, demonstrating the remarkable accuracy of the robotic system, with a minimal 2\% variance from the actual weed quantities. This research highlights the promise of AI-powered weed management solutions in rice cultivation, offering economical and accurate weed detection and elimination functionalities. The robot demonstrates a superior weed control rate of 95\%. In addition, the system’s performance in incorporating the weeds is at a rate of 90\%. It also serves as a blueprint for integrating AI into contemporary agriculture, steering the sector toward a more eco-conscious and economically sustainable future. The AI-driven solution for weed management revolutionises farming practices, equipping farmers with the tools for bountiful yields, increased economic viability, and a commitment to environmental stewardship. This underscores the imperative to prioritise scaling this innovative approach within both industrial and commercial agricultural sectors.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.110032", doi = "10.1016/j.compag.2025.110032", openalex = "W4406971176", references = "doi103390agronomy12081808" } @article{doi101126scienceadr5214, author = "Hou, Deyi and Jia, Xiyue and Wang, Liuwei and McGrath, S. P. and Zhu, Yong‐Guan and Hu, Qing and Zhao, Fang‐Jie and Bank, Michael S. and O’Connor, David and Nriagu, Jerome O.", title = "Global soil pollution by toxic metals threatens agriculture and human health", year = "2025", journal = "Science", abstract = "Toxic metal pollution is ubiquitous in soils, yet its worldwide distribution is unknown. We analyzed a global database of soil pollution by arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel, and lead at 796,084 sampling points from 1493 regional studies and used machine learning techniques to map areas with exceedance of agricultural and human health thresholds. We reveal a previously unrecognized high-risk, metal-enriched zone in low-latitude Eurasia, which is attributed to influential climatic, topographic, and anthropogenic conditions. This feature can be regarded as a signpost for the Anthropocene era. We show that 14 to 17\% of cropland is affected by toxic metal pollution globally and estimate that between 0.9 and 1.4 billion people live in regions of heightened public health and ecological risks.", url = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adr5214", doi = "10.1126/science.adr5214", openalex = "W4409530112", references = "doi101038s43016021003229" } @article{doi103390agronomy15040881, author = "Cui, Lei and Xu, Liansheng and Wang, Huihui and Fan, Xiangtian and Yan, Chahong and Zhang, Yanming and Jiang, Changtong and Zhou, Tong and Guo, Qing and Sun, Yu and Yang, Feng and Li, Hongjie", title = "Evaluation of Dual-Purpose Triticale: Grain and Forage Productivity and Quality Under Semi-Arid Conditions", year = "2025", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a valuable dual-purpose crop due to its adaptability to marginal environments and its potential for both high-quality grain and forage production. However, a comprehensive evaluation of its forage quality characteristics and agronomic performances is still needed. This study evaluated the grain and forage yield potentials and nutritional compositions of 11 triticale genotypes over two consecutive years in a semi-arid region located in Shanxi province, China. Forage quality was assessed using several key parameters, including nutrient composition, fiber digestibility, mineral content, and energy density, while grain quality parameters, including nutrient composition as well as carbohydrate and fiber characteristics, were also analyzed. Significant genetic variation was observed in these traits, indicating the influence of genotype–environment interactions on these traits. The tested genotypes exhibited grain yields ranging from 4.83 to 6.92 t ha−1 and fresh forage biomass yields between 20.06 and 29.78 t ha−1, demonstrating their potential for sustainable forage and grain production under semi-arid conditions. Genotypes from our breeding programs, including Shengnongsicao 1 and Jinsicao 1, demonstrated superior adaptability, maintaining stable forage and grain yield potentials under adverse conditions. Their favorable nutritional characteristics further enhance their suitability for semi-arid livestock systems. High levels of essential minerals, particularly calcium and potassium, further enhanced the nutritional value of these genotypes. These results provide valuable insights for triticale breeding programs and suggest triticale’s potential as a reliable crop in semi-arid regions, where maximizing land productivity is essential.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15040881", doi = "10.3390/agronomy15040881", openalex = "W4409095928", references = "doi101556crc42201431" } @article{doi103390agronomy15092175, author = "Martínez–Moreno, Fernando and Özberk, İrfan and Özberk, Fethiye and Solís, Ignacio", title = "Triticale in Mediterranean Cereal Farming: Opportunity or Reality?", year = "2025", journal = "Agronomy", abstract = "Triticale is a cereal that currently has a cultivated global area of approximately 3.8 Mha. It is widely used as a feed and forage crop. Although winter triticale cultivars are planted in Poland, Germany and Belarus (the main producers), a significant portion of their cultivation is carried out in the Mediterranean basin using spring cultivars. Spain and Türkiye are two examples of the success of this crop in terms of promotion, breeding, and expansion. Thus, in 2022/23, 280,000 hectares of triticale were planted in Spain, while 100,000 hectares were planted in Türkiye, ranking 5th and 8th in the world, respectively. Current triticale cultivars have high grain and/or forage yield. Furthermore, dual-purpose cultivars are available and can be intercropped with legumes, which increases their possibilities in the field. Triticale competes well with weeds and is resistant to many diseases. It performs well in acidic soils, and it is tolerant to drought, conditions common in the Mediterranean basin. In the future, funding for spring triticale breeding programs (which are scarce and declining) should be maintained, and projects to improve agronomic techniques and publicize the advantages of this crop could be implemented. Furthermore, the use of triticale for human food could expand in the region, especially in MENA countries.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15092175", doi = "10.3390/agronomy15092175", openalex = "W4414592471", references = "doi103390agronomy13061589" } @article{doi103390app15031253, author = "Kuźniar, Agnieszka and Kruczyńska, Anna and Włodarczyk, Kinga and Vangronsveld, Jaco and Wolińska, Agnieszka", title = "Endophytes as Permanent or Temporal Inhabitants of Different Ecological Niches in Sustainable Agriculture", year = "2025", journal = "Applied Sciences", abstract = "Local adaptation of plants to environmental conditions is gaining attention, particularly in the context of climatic change and the microbiota that are associated with it. It should be noted that endophytes play a large role in shaping plants. These are microorganisms that reside within plant tissues without causing any apparent harm to their host. It should also be highlighted that endophytes play an essential role in ecosystems by contributing to plant health through multiple mechanisms. We suggest that endophytes affect some animals, as they are used in the ecological niche in which animals thrive. Thus, we analyzed this aspect of endophytes as persistent but impermanent inhabitants of various ecological niches. Therefore, the aim of the current review is to present the knowledge (from the last 10 years) on plant endophytes, their applicability in agriculture and endophytes affecting animals. We focused on bioproducts and biofertilizers containing endophytes, which are indirectly connected with agrobiotechnology, and the legal conditions associated with the marketing of these products, which also impact some animals, as they are used in the ecological niche in which animals thrive.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031253", doi = "10.3390/app15031253", openalex = "W4406873763", references = "doi103390su16177559" } @article{doi103390soilsystems9020028, author = "Baki, Hassan M. Abd El and Fujimaki, Haruyuki and Toderich, Kristina and Nana, Jean Bosco and Qureshi, Asad Sarwar", title = "Impact of Saline Water Irrigation on Soil Salinity, Growth, and Productivity of Triticale in Sandy Soil", year = "2025", journal = "Soil Systems", abstract = "Salinity and water scarcity are among the major environmental challenges requiring the use of non-conventional water sources and the adoption of salt-tolerant crops. We assessed the impact of irrigation with different concentrations of NaCl: 50 mM and 150 mM on the growth parameters and yield of triticale, soil salinity, distribution of active root density, and concentrations of Na+ and NO3− ions at harvest compared to freshwater under zero leaching conditions. Irrigation was applied on a daily basis based on weight measurements of micro-lysimeter pots. Growth parameters, including plant height, LAI, number of leaves, number of tillers, and soil salinity, were observed across the growing season. Spatial distributions of soil salinity, normalized root length density (NRLD), concentrations of Na+ and NO3− in soil profile were measured in two dimensions. The results indicate that irrigating with 150 mM of NaCl H2O significantly affected the crop growth, causing salts, particularly Na+, to reside in the topsoil, reducing NRLD with soil depth, crop water demand, and NO3− uptake. The application of 150 mM and 50 mM of NaCl H2O reduced crop water use by 4 and 2.6 times as well as grain yield by 97\% and 42\%, respectively, compared to freshwater. This shows that irrigation with concentration equal to or higher than 150 mM NaCl will result in very low production. To achieve higher yield and crop water productivity, irrigation with NaCl concentration of 50 mM or less is recommended to grow triticale in marginal regions with limited freshwater resources.", url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems9020028", doi = "10.3390/soilsystems9020028", openalex = "W4408790627", references = "doi101016jaaspro201602083, doi101556crc42201431" } @article{doi10400015978, author = "Déplaude, Marc-Olivier and Fortané, Nicolas", title = "L’agriculture à grande échelle", year = "2025", journal = "Revue d anthropologie des connaissances", abstract = "L’agriculture a connu aux XXe et XXIe siècles un processus d’industrialisation qui a profondément transformé les exploitations agricoles et favorisé le développement de vastes complexes agro-industriels. L’article analyse cette dynamique comme un changement d’échelle et développe à cet effet le concept de « travail de scalabilité ». Celui-ci permet de souligner, d’une part, que le passage à l’échelle industrielle implique de résoudre d’innombrables difficultés, d’ordre biologique, social, technique, économique ou encore politique, et, d’autre part, que ce travail est sans fin: il ne porte pas seulement sur la montée en échelle, mais consiste aussi à assurer la perpétuation de systèmes de production à grande échelle qui reposent sur des assemblages précaires et génèrent de nombreux débordements. Le travail de scalabilité est ainsi un travail continu d’articulation, de maintenance et de réparation, d’autant plus délicat et instable, dans le cas de l’industrialisation de l’agriculture, qu’il s’applique à du vivant.", url = "https://doi.org/10.4000/15978", doi = "10.4000/15978", openalex = "W4416878381", references = "diry1988agriculture, doi1010291999gb900015, doi10108003066150902820354, doi101111j146795231989tb00360x, doi1012150961754x1630424, doi1014506ca32402, doi101525can2000153327, doi10560219780801828737, doi10560219780801829758, doi105749minnesota97808166808700010001, doi107208chicago97802262766630010001" } @article{doi10400015979, author = "Déplaude, Marc-Olivier and Fortané, Nicolas", title = "Large-scale agriculture", year = "2025", journal = "Revue d anthropologie des connaissances", abstract = "In the 20th and 21st centuries, agriculture underwent a process of industrialisation that profoundly transformed farms, leading to the development of huge agro-industrial complexes. This article analyses this dynamic as a change of scale, and to this end develops the concept of “scalability work”. This concept highlights both the fact that a transition towards an industrial scale means resolving countless biological, social, technical, economic and political issues, and that such work has no end: it relates not only to the task of scaling up; it also consists in ensuring the perpetuation of large-scale production systems that are based on precarious assemblages and which generate numerous spillovers. Scalability work is therefore a continuous process of articulation, maintenance and repair that is all the more delicate and unstable in the case of the industrialisation of agriculture in that it applies to living organisms.", url = "https://doi.org/10.4000/15979", doi = "10.4000/15979", openalex = "W4416878380", references = "diry1988agriculture, doi1010291999gb900015, doi10108003066150902820354, doi101111j146795231989tb00360x, doi1014506ca32402, doi1015159781565494077, doi101525can2000153327, doi10560219780801828737, doi10560219780801829758, doi105749minnesota97808166808700010001, doi107208chicago97802262766630010001" } @article{doi105965223811712432025429, author = "Galon, Leandro and Iager, Tailana and Toso, Janaíne Oliveira and Bagnara, Maico André Michelon and Tonin, Rodrigo José and Concenço, Germani and Perin, Gismael Francisco", title = "Respostas morfofisiológicas de cultivares de triticale em competição com plantas daninhas", year = "2025", journal = "Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias", abstract = "O triticale é um cereal que vem sendo utilizado na alimentação humana ou animal. Entretanto, as plantas daninhas, especialmente o azevém (Lolium multiflorum), o nabo e a nabiça (Raphanus raphanistrum e R. sativus) podem reduzir a produtividade e a qualidade dos grãos. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar a habilidade competitiva das cultivares de triticale (BRS Ulisses, BRS Minotauro, Embrapa 53 e BRS Resoluto) na presença das plantas daninhas, azevém e nabo, pelo método de arranjo em série de substituição. Foram instalados 14 experimentos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes proporções da cultura e das plantas daninhas (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 e 0:100\%) com 24:00; 18:6; 12:12; 6:18; 0:24 plantas vaso-1. A análise da competitividade das espécies foi efetuada através de diagramas aplicados a experimentos substitutivos e também pelos índices de competitividade relativa. Aos 50 dias após a emergência das espécies, realizou-se a aferição da altura, área foliar, trocas gasosas e massa seca da parte aérea das plantas da cultura e dos competidores. Ocorreu competição entre as cultivares de triticale na presença de azevém e nabo com prejuízo mútuo às espécies envolvidas na comunidade. Há equivalência nos mecanismos de competição e na demanda pelos recursos do ambiente entre a cultura e as plantas daninhas. No geral, as variáveis fisiológicas foram afetadas de forma negativa conforme houve incremento da densidade das plantas daninhas. A competição interespecífica causa maior prejuízo para as variáveis morfofisiológicas das espécies do que a intraespecífica.", url = "https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712432025429", doi = "10.5965/223811712432025429", openalex = "W7116126637", references = "doi103390agronomy13061589" } @incollection{doi101007978981956722514, author = "Pujare, Komal and Ghag, Siddhesh B.", title = "Applications of CRISPR-Cas for Genetic Improvement of Triticale", year = "2026", booktitle = "Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa", url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-6722-5\_14", doi = "10.1007/978-981-95-6722-5\_14", openalex = "W7128974571", references = "doi1020431245462240509002" }