@article{doi101111j146764941938tb02264x,
    author = "Farnsworth, Paul R.",
    title = "AESTHETIC BEHAVIOR AND ASTROLOGY*",
    year = "1938",
    journal = "Journal of Personality",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1938.tb02264.x",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1467-6494.1938.tb02264.x",
    openalex = "W2028522120"
}

@article{openalexw78690156,
    author = "Bok, Bart J. and Mayall, Margaret W.",
    title = "Scientists Look at Astrology",
    year = "1941",
    journal = "SciMo",
    openalex = "W78690156"
}

@article{doi101086349703,
    author = "Pingree, David",
    title = "Astronomy and Astrology in India and Iran",
    year = "1963",
    journal = "Isis",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1086/349703",
    doi = "10.1086/349703",
    openalex = "W1998978516"
}

@article{doi1010800022398019719916861,
    author = "Silverman, Bernie I.",
    title = "Studies of Astrology",
    year = "1971",
    journal = "The Journal of Psychology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1971.9916861",
    doi = "10.1080/00223980.1971.9916861",
    openalex = "W2112192863"
}

@article{doi101086psaprocbienmeetp19781192639,
    author = "Thagard, Paul",
    title = "Why Astrology is a Pseudoscience",
    year = "1978",
    journal = "PSA Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association",
    abstract = "Most philosophers and historians of science agree that astrology is a pseudoscience, but there is little agreement on why it is a pseudoscience. Answers range from matters of verifiability and falsifiability, to questions of progress and Kuhnian normal science, to the different sorts of objections raised by a large panel of scientists recently organized by The Humanist magazine. Of course there are also Feyerabendian anarchists and others who say that no demarcation of science from pseudoscience is possible. However, I shall propose a complex criterion for distinguishing disciplines as pseudoscientific; this criterion is unlike verificationist and falsificationist attempts in that it introduces social and historical features as well as logical ones. I begin with a brief description of astrology. It would be most unfair to evaluate astrology by reference to the daily horoscopes found in newspapers and popular magazines.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1086/psaprocbienmeetp.1978.1.192639",
    doi = "10.1086/psaprocbienmeetp.1978.1.192639",
    openalex = "W2260597431",
    references = "doi101007978940101863014, doi10100797894010186302, doi101017cbo9781139171434, doi101017cbo9781139171434009, doi1015159780691233857, doi1023072106169, doi10432497802030907329, openalexw1562680794, openalexw2580858241"
}

@article{doi102466pr01979443c1231,
    author = "Kelly, I. W.",
    title = "Astrology and Science: A Critical Examination",
    year = "1979",
    journal = "Psychological Reports",
    abstract = "Empirical literature is reviewed that addresses the belief in a relationship between astrological tenets and human characteristics. Studies are examined relating sign of zodiac, moon sign, ascendent, and aspects of the planets to various psychological variables. The majority of studies conducted do not confirm astrological claims and the few studies that are positive need additional clarification.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1979.44.3c.1231",
    doi = "10.2466/pr0.1979.44.3c.1231",
    openalex = "W2022120228",
    references = "doi1010800022398019739923855"
}

@book{openalexw1576121764,
    author = "S, Borisevich S.V. Borisevich",
    title = "Astrology and the popular press: English almanacs, 1500-1800",
    year = "1979",
    journal = "Medical Entomology and Zoology",
    abstract = "Apart from the Bible, almanacs were the most influential and widely dispersed for of literature in Tudor and Stuart England. At their zenith in the later seventeenth century, they sold at a rate of 400,000 copies a year. They were read by many people who read little else, and the works of Shakespeare and Jonson, among others, have numerous references to them. Professor Capp's fascinating book (Faber, 1979) is the first to study their history in depth. It is full of vivid detail, and shows clearly how relevant they were to almost every aspect of life, social, intellectual, religious, political.As well as being a powerful force in revolutionary times, they played a central part in spreading scientific progress and medical learning, and in the development of popular journalism and printing. Possessing some of the characteristics of both pocket encyclopaedia and sermon, they conveyed information and/or moral commentary on such diverse topics as attitudes to rich and poor, agriculture, gardening, weights and measures, food, drink, sex, sleep, dress, bodily cleanliness, games, fairs, holidays, the weather, the state of the roads, posts, freemasonry, omens, witchcraft, will-making and even the sale of wives - in addition to making dramatic astrological prophecies about the likelihood of plague, famine and war in the year ahead.",
    url = "https://openalex.org/W1576121764",
    openalex = "W1576121764"
}

@article{doi1010800022454519809924224,
    author = "Tyson, Graham",
    title = "Occupation and Astrology or Season of Birth: A Myth?",
    year = "1980",
    journal = "The Journal of Social Psychology",
    abstract = "Summary Two possible explanations for a relationship between date of birth and occupation could be astrology or the season of birth hypothesis. Which of these two explanations is more appropriate would depend on the exact nature of the relationship. The present study examined the relationship between date of birth and career, as defined by course of study, for 10,313 university graduates. The results indicated fairly conclusively that there was no relationship between birthdate and career, and so it was concluded that neither astrological nor season of birth factors influence choice of career.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1980.9924224",
    doi = "10.1080/00224545.1980.9924224",
    openalex = "W2034085112",
    references = "doi1010800022398019739923855"
}

@article{doi101038318419a0,
    author = "Carlson, S.",
    title = "A double-blind test of astrology",
    year = "1985",
    journal = "Nature",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/318419a0",
    doi = "10.1038/318419a0",
    openalex = "W1995762612",
    references = "doi101001archpsyc196901740140118015, doi101017s0816512200025116, doi1010800022398019739923855"
}

@book{openalexw1620615620,
    author = "Tester, S. J.",
    title = "A history of western astrology",
    year = "1987",
    abstract = "The story of the history of Western astrology begins with the philosophers of Greece in the 5th century BC. the Greeks added numerology, geometry and rational thought. The philosophy of Plato and later of the Stoics made astrology respectable, and by the time Ptolemy wrote his textbook the Tetrabiblos, in the second century AD, the main lines of astrological practice as it is known today had already been laid down. In future centuries astrology shifted to Islam only to return to the West in medieval times where it flourished until the shift of ideas during the Renaissance.",
    url = "https://openalex.org/W1620615620",
    openalex = "W1620615620"
}

@misc{culver1988astrology1,
    author = "Culver, R. B. and Ianna, P. A",
    title = "Astrology",
    year = "1988",
    howpublished = "True or False? [New ed.]: Buffalo, New York, Prometheus Books",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Culver, R. B., and Ianna, P. A., 1988, Astrology: True or False? [New ed.]: Buffalo, New York, Prometheus Books.}"
}

@book{openalexw2046092693,
    author = "Barton, Tamsyn",
    title = "Power and Knowledge: Astrology, Physiognomics, and Medicine under the Roman Empire",
    year = "1995",
    abstract = "Power and Knowledge charts a history of three ancient scientiae in the Roman Empire--astrology, medical prognosis, and physiognomy (the art of discerning character or destiny from a person's physique). Drawing on contemporary approaches in social theory and the philosophy of science, Tamsyn Barton argues that the ancient sciences are best understood in terms of rhetoric, as their practitioners are involved in sociopolitical struggles and their disciplines are rooted in Greco-Roman cultural norms and practices.",
    url = "https://openalex.org/W2046092693",
    openalex = "W2046092693"
}

@book{doi1011639789004453326,
    author = "Brown, David",
    title = "Mesopotamian Planetary Astronomy-Astrology",
    year = "2000",
    abstract = {Pliny wrote of Babylon that "here the creator of the science of astronomy was". Excavations have shown this statement to be true. This book argues that the earliest attempts at the accurate prediction of celestial phenomena are indeed to be found in clay tablets dating to the 8th and 7th centuries BC from both Babylon and from Nineveh. The author carefully situates this astronomy within its cultural context, treating all available material from the relevant period, and also analysing the earlier astrological material and the later well-known ephemerides and related texts. A wholly new approach to cuneiform astral concerns emerges - one in which both celestial divination and the later astronomy are shown to be embedded in a prevailing philosophy dealing with the ideal nature of the early universe, and in which the dynamics of the celestial divination industry that surrounded the last Assyrian monarchs account for no less than the first recorded "scientific revolution". This work closely adheres to the original textual sources, and argues for the evolution on the basis of the needs of the ancient scholars and the internal logic of the divinatory and predictive systems employed. To this end, it offers, for the first time, a Mesopotamian contribution to the philosophy, and not only the history, of science.},
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004453326",
    doi = "10.1163/9789004453326",
    openalex = "W565850584"
}

@article{doi102979ale2001159,
    author = "Sela, Shlomo",
    title = "The Fuzzy Borders between Astronomy and Astrology in the Thought and Work of Three Twelfth-Century Jewish Intellectuals",
    year = "2001",
    journal = "Aleph",
    abstract = "A dual and contradictory trend can be observed regarding the dividing lines between astronomy and astrology in antiquity and in the Middle Ages. On the one hand, there was a tendency to draw a clear-cut distinction between astronomy and astrology and grant astronomy clear epistemological superiority over astrology. On the other hand, it was almost commonplace to refer to the close collaboration between astronomy and astrology. The fact that some prominent scientists combined astronomy and astrology in their works highlights the interdependency between them. Some insights into the borders between astrology and astronomy are provided by exploring the work and thought of a group of three Jewish intellectuals active in the twelfth century: Abraham Bar Ḥiyya, Abraham Ibn Ezra, and Maimonides.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2979/ale.2001.-.1.59",
    doi = "10.2979/ale.2001.-.1.59",
    openalex = "W1998903251",
    references = "openalexw1620615620"
}

@book{doi1043249780203410714,
    author = "Barton, Tamysn",
    title = "Ancient Astrology",
    year = "2002",
    abstract = "An account of astrology from its beginnings in Mesopotamia, focusing on the Greco-Roman world, Ancient Astrology examines the theoretical development and changing social and political role of astrology.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203410714",
    doi = "10.4324/9780203410714",
    openalex = "W4252617186"
}

@incollection{doi101017chol9780521572446024,
    author = "Rutkin, H. Darrel",
    title = "Astrology",
    year = "2006",
    booktitle = "Cambridge University Press eBooks",
    abstract = {As is well known, astrology finally disappeared from the domain of legitimate natural knowledge during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, although the precise contours of this story remain obscure. It is less well known, albeit clearly documented, that astrology was taught from the beginning of the fourteenth century as an important part of the arts and science curriculum at the great medieval and Renaissance universities, including Padua, Bologna, and Paris. There, astrology was studied within three distinct scientific disciplines – mathematics, natural philosophy, and medicine – and served to integrate several highly developed mathematical sciences of antiquity – astronomy, geography, and geometrical optics – with Aristotelian natural philosophy. This astrologizing Aristotelianism provided fundamental patterns of interpretation and analysis in pre-Newtonian natural knowledge. Thus, the history of astrology – and, in particular, the story of its protracted criticism and ultimate rejection as a source of what the learned considered legitimate natural knowledge – is central for understanding the transition from medieval and Renaissance natural philosophy to Enlightenment science. The role of astrology in this transition was neither obvious nor unproblematic. Indeed, astrology's integration of astronomy and natural philosophy under the aegis of mathematics had much in common with the aims of the "new science" of the seventeenth century. Thus it becomes necessary to explain why this promising astrological synthesis was rejected in favor of a rather different mathematical natural philosophy.},
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521572446.024",
    doi = "10.1017/chol9780521572446.024",
    openalex = "W4233605547",
    references = "doi1043249780203410714, openalexw1620615620"
}

@article{doi101016jshpsc201004001,
    author = "Kassell, Lauren",
    title = "Stars, spirits, signs: towards a history of astrology 1100–1800",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2010.04.001",
    doi = "10.1016/j.shpsc.2010.04.001",
    openalex = "W1994982905",
    references = "openalexw1576121764"
}

@article{doi101111j14780542201000703x,
    author = "Carey, Hilary M.",
    title = "Astrology in the Middle Ages",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "History Compass",
    abstract = "Abstract The article reviews the history of astrology in the middle ages including its classical inheritance, ascendancy under Byzantium and Islam, and development in the Latin west. Mediaeval astrology was a part of learned, scientific culture. However, the translation movement in the high middle ages brought challenges of integration to the Latin west, reflected in condemnations and anxieties about the orthodoxy and morality of astrological judgements. It was not until relatively late that astrology was practised on a large scale in mediaeval courts and it never achieved the same level of prominence as it did under Islam. The final section considers new work on the history of astrology, including astrology and medicine and astrology and the court. The article considers major figures, including Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy), Isidore of Seville (c. 600 ad), Māshā’allāh (Messahallah) (c. 735–815), Abū Ma’shar (Albumasar), Ahmad ibn Yūsuf (870–904), John of Seville (fl. 1135–1153), Alfonso X (El Sabio) of Castile (1221–1284), Albertus Magnus (1206–1280), and the fifteenth‐century astrologer historian, Simon de Phares. It is argued that astrology was an integral part of the mediaeval world view and it is impossible to understand mediaeval culture without taking it into account.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2010.00703.x",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1478-0542.2010.00703.x",
    openalex = "W1597495933",
    references = "doi1043249780203410714, openalexw1620615620"
}

@article{doi1011771075547010389819,
    author = "Allum, Nick",
    title = "What Makes Some People Think Astrology Is Scientific?",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "Science Communication",
    abstract = "Citizens in both North America and Europe are apt to read horoscope columns in newspapers and magazines. While some people read these casually and purely for entertainment, some believe that astrology has scientific status and can provide real insight into events and personality. Using data from a European survey, this article explores some of the reasons why some people think that astrology is scientific and how astrology is viewed in relation to other knowledge-producing practices. Three hypotheses in particular are tested. The first is that some Europeans lack the necessary scientific literacy to distinguish science from pseudoscience. The second is that people are confused about what astrology actually is. The third is derived from Adorno’s work on authoritarianism and the occult and postulates that those who adhere to authoritarian values are more likely to believe in astrological claims. Support is found for all three hypotheses.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547010389819",
    doi = "10.1177/1075547010389819",
    openalex = "W2150359598"
}

@incollection{doi101007978331911885725,
    author = "Kwak, Hyokjin and Jaju, Anupam and Zinkhan, George M.",
    title = "Astrology: Its Influence on Consumers’ Buying Patterns and Consumers’ Evaluations of Products and Services",
    year = "2014",
    booktitle = "Developments in marketing science: proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11885-7\_25",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-11885-7\_25",
    openalex = "W340872079",
    references = "doi1010800022398019739923855"
}

@book{doi1011639789004306219,
    author = "Greenbaum, Dorian Gieseler",
    title = "The Daimon in Hellenistic Astrology",
    year = "2015",
    abstract = "In The Daimon in Hellenistic Astrology: Origins and Influence, Dorian Gieseler Greenbaum investigates for the first time the concept of the daimon (daemon, demon), normally confined to religion and philosophy, within the theory and practice of ancient western astrology (2nd century BCE – 7th century CE). This multi-disciplinary study covers the daimon within astrology proper as well as the daimon and astrology in wider cultural practices including divination, Gnosticism, Mithraism and Neo-Platonism. It explores relationships between the daimon and fate and Daimon and Tyche (fortune or chance), and the doctrine of lots as exemplified in Plato's Myth of Er. In finding the impact of Egyptian and Mesopotamian ideas of fate on Hellenistic astrology, it critically examines astrology's perception as propounding an unalterable destiny.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004306219",
    doi = "10.1163/9789004306219",
    openalex = "W4242386010"
}

@incollection{blackhirst2020astrology,
    author = "Blackhirst, Rod",
    title = "Astrology",
    year = "2020",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7\_50",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7\_50",
    pages = "157-159"
}

@article{doi101002ijop70030,
    author = "Williams, Joshua L and Locker, Lawrence and Middleton, Rashuna and Callis, Kyrho and Roberts, Jonathan E and Kaplan, Cieran and Stalnaker, Caden",
    title = "Narcissism and Interest in the Stars: Celebrity Admiration and Belief in Astrology.",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "International journal of psychology: Journal international de psychologie",
    abstract = "Belief in pseudoscience, especially astrology, is common and can have negative consequences (e.g., financial and psychological) for the believer. We examined the relationships between belief in astrology, vulnerable and grandiose narcissism and celebrity admiration. University students (n = 252) completed the Belief in Astrology Inventory, Maladaptive Covert Narcissism Scale, Narcissistic Personality Inventory and Celebrity Attitude Scale. We discovered that vulnerable and grandiose narcissism, and celebrity admiration, are significantly and positively related to belief in astrology. Multiple regression analysis revealed that vulnerable narcissism and celebrity admiration, but not grandiose narcissism, are the only variables that account for unique variance in belief in astrology when controlling for all variables. Results are discussed in terms of how common characteristics associated with vulnerable narcissism may underlie relationships to celebrity admiration and belief in astrology.",
    url = "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39993382/",
    doi = "10.1002/ijop.70030",
    openalex = "W4407945419",
    pmid = "39993382",
    references = "doi101007s1214401899784, doi101016jjrp2021104128, doi101016jpaid201604084, doi10103700223514545890, doi1010370022351467148, doi1010800267257x20191632373, doi101111j1467, doi101111j14676494201000711x, doi1011771075547010389819, doi101348000712602162454"
}

@article{doi101017s0007087425000159,
    author = "Campos Ribeiro, Luís",
    title = "Is astrology universal? Early modern globalization and the disruption of traditional knowledge.",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "British journal for the history of science",
    abstract = "The maritime expansion of the early modern period and the discovery of new continents necessitated a profound revision in traditional cosmology, bringing into question the millennia-old practices that were framed around that cosmology. Among these practices was astrology, which in the early modern period reached an unprecedented level of popularity through the development of the printing press. The application of the astrological corpus in tropical and southern latitudes questioned many of the foundational Ptolemaic concepts. At the core of this problem was the reversal of the seasons in the southern hemisphere. Since Ptolemy had firmly grounded the natural explanation of astrological attributes of the zodiac and the planets on the seasonal qualities, their reversal would imply a complete change in the zodiacal and planetary properties. Authors such as Girolamo Cardano, Tommaso Campanella and Athanasius Kircher addressed this matter, but it never became a central point of debate in the astrological literature of the period. However, practitioners in the New World, whose empirical view was very different to that of European authors, reached different conclusions. This problem offers an example of the difficulty in reconciling traditional authority with new knowledge. At the same time, it exposes the sharp contrast between the theoretical perspective of Europe-based authors and the actual experience of astrologers practising in the New World.",
    url = "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40051269/",
    doi = "10.1017/S0007087425000159",
    pmid = "40051269"
}

@article{doi101136jme2025111070,
    author = "Gillon, Raanan",
    title = "Content analysis, astrology and my 20 years as JME editor.",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Journal of medical ethics",
    url = "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40623819/",
    doi = "10.1136/jme-2025-111070",
    pmid = "40623819"
}

@article{doi1013703j02552930202406130002,
    author = "Liu, Liwei and Liu, Changhua and Fan, Yipin and Shi, Kejin",
    title = {[Origin and application: "body schema" of acupuncture and moxibustion from the perspective of astrology and numerical arts].},
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture \& moxibustion",
    abstract = {The "body schema" of acupuncture and moxibustion is centered on the meridian system and represents a corporeal perspective of "heaven-connection", embodying the harmony between nature and humanity. It integrates the cyclic schema of the heavenly cycling, the meridian growth and decline schema of the guaqi theory, the twelve zodiac demarcation schema from astrological and astronomical studies, and the nine-palace and eight-trigrams schema of temporal and spatial locations. It presents the theoretical origins of the harmony between nature and humanity in acupuncture and moxibustion along with medical thoughts under the background of social concepts. The numerical arts of acupoint number and acupuncture-moxibustion quantity, those of acupuncture-moxibustion time and taboos, as well as the time-based acupuncture-moxibustion patterns, all of these thoroughly reflect the application of the body schema of acupuncture and moxibustion by early medical practitioners in ancient time. The study on the body philosophy in acupuncture and moxibustion should start from the original appearance of early classical acupuncture-moxibustion theory, trace the source of body philosophy of acupuncture and moxibustion, seek the truth of temporal body medicine, and perfect the body philosophy research of contemporary acupuncture and moxibustion, so as to improve the dual attributes of acupuncture and moxibustion in humanities and science.},
    url = "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670179/",
    doi = "10.13703/j.0255-2930.20240613-0002",
    pmid = "40670179"
}