@misc{lambe1902new2,
    author = "Lambe, L. M",
    title = "New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid- Cretaceous)",
    year = "1902",
    howpublished = "Geological Survey of Canada, Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology, v. 3, p. 23-81",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Lambe, L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid- Cretaceous): Geological Survey of Canada, Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology, v. 3, p. 23-81.}"
}

@misc{lambe1914on3,
    author = "Lambe, L. M",
    title = "On the new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta",
    year = "1914",
    howpublished = "Ottawa Naturalist, v. 28, p. 13-20",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Lambe, L. M., 1914, On the new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta: Ottawa Naturalist, v. 28, p. 13-20.}"
}

@techreport{gilmore1924a1,
    author = "Gilmore, C. W",
    title = "A new coelurid dinosaur from the Belly River Cretaceous of Alberta",
    year = "1924",
    howpublished = "Bulletin of the Canadian Geological Survey Department of Mines, v. 38, p. 1-12",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Gilmore, C. W., 1924, A new coelurid dinosaur from the Belly River Cretaceous of Alberta: Bulletin of the Canadian Geological Survey Department of Mines, v. 38, p. 1-12.}"
}

@book{parks1928struthiomimus4,
    author = "Parks, W. A",
    title = "Struthiomimus samueli, a new species of Ornithomimidae from the Belly River Formation of Alberta",
    year = "1928",
    publisher = "University of Toronto Studies, Geological Series, v. 26, p. 1-24",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Parks, W. A., 1928, Struthiomimus samueli, a new species of Ornithomimidae from the Belly River Formation of Alberta: University of Toronto Studies, Geological Series, v. 26, p. 1-24.}"
}

@misc{simpson1930a,
    author = "Simpson, G G",
    title = "A new species of Eodelphis cutleri from the Belly River Formation of Alberta",
    year = "1930",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4095/105047",
    doi = "10.4095/105047"
}

@misc{sternberg1932two5,
    author = "Sternberg, C. M",
    title = "Two new theropod dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Canada",
    year = "1932",
    howpublished = "Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 46, p. 99-105",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Sternberg, C. M., 1932, Two new theropod dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Canada: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 46, p. 99-105.}"
}

@article{lerbekmo1963petrology,
    author = "LERBEKMO, J. F.",
    title = "PETROLOGY OF THE BELLY RIVER FORMATION, SOUTHERN ALBERTA FOOTHILLS",
    year = "1963",
    journal = "Sedimentology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1963.tb01200.x",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1365-3091.1963.tb01200.x",
    number = "1",
    pages = "54-86",
    volume = "2"
}

@article{howard1974belly,
    author = "Howard, J.A. and Hedges, G.N.",
    title = "Belly River Waterfloods Conception to Success",
    year = "1974",
    journal = "Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology",
    abstract = {The oil-bearing Belly River pools of the Pembina area of Alberta were discovered in the search for Cardium oil and developed under skepticism by many operator. The indicated high connate water saturation, the presence of swelling clays within the formation and the lack of readily available source water provided poor waterflood potential. After producing the pools for 10 years under a primary solution gas drive mechanism, the operators initiated three water-flood projects. As a result of the outstanding performance of these projects, two reservoir simulation studies were prepared to determine the optimum waterflood scheme. These studies recommended the extension of the waterflood to the majority of the Belly River reservoirs in the area and justified an extensive infill drilling program. An analysis of the Belly River flood performance is presented and the simulation studies are reviewed. The proposed infill drilling and surface facility expansion programs are also illustrated. Introduction THE BASAL BELLY RIVER SANDSTONE is found in the central plains and south-central mountains and foothills of Alberta. Although the sand occurs commonly in these areas and is often hydrocarbon-bearing, it is generally considered as a secondary objective. The Alberta Energy Resources Conservation Board currently estimates a total of 526 million barrels of oil in place in recognized Belly River pools. Ninety per cent of this recognized Belly River oil is located in the Keystone and Buck Creek areas of the Pembina Field, which were developed in the early sixties (Fig. 1 and 2). The Belly River sand has a high connate water saturation and is infilled with kaolinitic clays. For these reasons, a cautious approach to waterflooding the Belly River reservoirs was taken and it was not until 1970 that waterflood projects were initiated in the Pembina Keystone Belly River "B", "M" and "U" pools. Within two years of the start of injection, excellent GOR and production response was observed. In some cases, the production rate had a three to four-fold increase. Consequently, the Pembina Belly River "B" North Unit ' waterflood project was restudied with a numerical simulation model to investigate infill drilling, as was the Pembina Belly River "C" Pool, which was still on primary depletion. Both studies indicated that infill drilling was extremely attractive. Accordingly, an estimated 100 infill wells will be drilled in the Keystone Belly River pools and waterflood projects will be extended to the remaining major Belly River pools in the area. Reservoir Description GEOLOGY The Upper Cretaceous Basal Belly River Sandstone is contained in a progradational sequence between the Marine Lea Park Shale and the overlying continental strata. The reservoir rock is a light grey, fairly well sorted fine to medium-grained sandstone with high clay content and interbedded calcareous sands and dark grey silty shales(1,2). The sand was deposited as offshore bars and infilled channels. Bar and channel sands of different depositional ages are discernible in the Pembina Keystone area, with communication apparent between bars and channels of common age.},
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2118/74-04-02",
    doi = "10.2118/74-04-02",
    number = "04",
    volume = "13"
}

@article{doi101017cbo9780511608377011,
    author = "Currie, P. and Rigby, J. and Sloan, R. E.",
    title = "Dinosaur Systematics: Theropod teeth from the Judith River Formation of southern Alberta, Canada",
    year = "1990",
    booktitle = "Dinosaur Systematics",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fedead3cc1ae0ec35f3954946391d9906ed25ae7",
    doi = "10.1017/CBO9780511608377.011",
    is_oa = "true",
    pages = "107-126",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "246",
    semanticscholar_id = "fedead3cc1ae0ec35f3954946391d9906ed25ae7"
}

@article{alrawahi1992allostratigraphy,
    author = "AL-RAWAHI, ZUWENA and WALKER, R. G.",
    title = "Allostratigraphy and Depositional Environments of the Basal Belly River Formation (Campanian) in Central Alberta",
    year = "1992",
    journal = "AAPG Bulletin",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1306/0c9b2ab5-1710-11d7-8645000102c1865d",
    doi = "10.1306/0c9b2ab5-1710-11d7-8645000102c1865d",
    volume = "76"
}

@article{doi101017s0094837300013956,
    author = "Abler, William L.",
    title = "The Serrated Teeth of Tyrannosaurid Dinosaurs, and Biting Structures in Other Animals",
    year = "1992",
    journal = "Paleobiology",
    abstract = "The function of serrated teeth is analyzed by experimental comparison with the action of artificially made steel blades. Serrated blades cut compliant materials with a grip-and-rip mechanism, whereas smooth, sharp blades cut by concentrating a large downward force on a tiny area. Tyrannosaurid teeth from the Cretaceous Judith River Formation bear rows of serrations that have thick, rounded enamel caps, gripping slots between neighboring serrations, thick enamel bodies inside the teeth underneath the gripping slots, and a root beneath each serration. In contrast, the carnivorous dinosaur Troodon has teeth with exposed pointed serrations, thin enamel, and possibly serration roots. Serrations on the teeth of Troodon and the fossil shark Carcharodon, cut compliant materials in the same way as a serrated hacksaw blade. In contrast, the cutting action of tyrannosaurid teeth most closely resembles that of a dull smooth blade. The spaces between the serrations act as minute frictional vises that grip and hold meat fibers; chambers between neighboring serrations receive and retain small fragments of meat, and inevitably would have acted as havens where bacteria could be stored. These spaces may therefore have led to infections in wounds, analogous to those inflicted by the living Komodo dragon or ora. By analogy, the hunting and feeding behavior of tyrannosaurs may have resembled that of the ora. Serrations and slots are widely distributed among cutting devices in the natural world, and many of these deserve further study. For example, the carnassial teeth of mammalian carnivores cut by a combination of static force at the cutting edge, a crushing or scissoring action at the advancing junction between upper and lower teeth, and by lateral gripping and compression in a slot, like that seen on a much smaller scale in tyrannosaurid serrations. Mammalian teeth operate well only when deployed with sophisticated control over jaw movement, however, and the fine neural control necessary to operate them may have formed the basis for the later development of intelligence in mammals. Previously, being interested in mammals was largely a matter of being interested in teeth, whereas being interested in reptiles was largely a matter of being interested in everything but teeth. I suggest that the teeth of at least some reptiles are as rich in information as the teeth of any mammals.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300013956",
    doi = "10.1017/s0094837300013956",
    openalex = "W2281208737",
    references = "diamond1986animal, doi101007bf00539785, doi1010160031018279901639, doi101126science832157413a, doi101130spe28p1, doi1023071444685, doi1023073223017, doi104095101672, doi1043249780203489369, doi105962bhltitle101537, doi105962bhltitle125523, openalexw2609000594"
}

@misc{hamblin1994subsurface,
    author = "Hamblin, A P",
    title = "Subsurface tops and thickness data for Dinosaur Park Formation, Judith River (Belly River), southern Alberta",
    year = "1994",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4095/194056",
    doi = "10.4095/194056"
}

@misc{hamblin1994the,
    author = "Hamblin, A P",
    title = "The Comrey Sandstone (Oldman Formation) of the Upper Cretaceous Judith River (Belly River) Group, subsurface of southern Alberta",
    year = "1994",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4095/193497",
    doi = "10.4095/193497"
}

@article{doi105860choice353642,
    title = "Encyclopedia of dinosaurs",
    year = "1998",
    journal = "Choice Reviews Online",
    abstract = "Thematic Table of Contents. Contributors. A Guide to Using the Encyclopedia. Michael Crichton, Foreword. Preface. Dedication. F.E. Novas, Abelisauridae. L.L. Jacobs, African Dinosaurs. G. Erickson, Age Determination. A. Chinsamy, Albany K. Padian and J.R. Hutchinson, Allosauroidea. P. Dodson, American Dinosaurs. L. Dingus, American Museum of Natural History. K. Carpenter, Ankylosauria. J.M. Parrish, Archosauria. J.R. Hutchinson and K. Padain, Arctometatarsalia. R.E. Molnar, Australasian Dinosaurs. L.M. Chiappe, Aves. The Editors, Avetheropoda. K. Padian, Avialae. H. Osmolska, Barun Goyot Formation. J.L. Sanz, Bastus Nesting Site. The Editors, Bavarian State Collection for Paleontology and Historical Geology. P. Currie, Bayan Mandahu. H. Osmolska, Bayn Dzak. J.R. Horner, Behavior. A. Chinsamy, Bernard Price Institute for Paleontological Research. J. Le Loeuff, Biogeography. R.M. Alexander, Biomechanics. R. Chapman, Biometrics. C. Trueman, Biomineralization. S.G. Lucas, Biostratigraphy. K. Padian, Bipedality. K. Padian, Bird Origins. B. Breithaupt, Bone Cabin Quarry. P. Currie, Braincase Anatomy. K. Padain and J.R. Hutchinson, Bullatosauria. M. Lockley, Cabo Espichel. J.S. Moratalla and J.L. Sanz, Cameros Basin Megatracksite. C. Coy, Canadian Dinosaurs. K. Carpenter, Canon City. M. Lockley, Carenque. J.S. McIntosh, Carnegie Museum of Natural History. J.R. Hutchinson and K. Padian, Carnosauria. J. Kirkland, Cedar Mountain Formation. M. Norell, Central Asiatic Expeditions. The Editors, Cerapoda. P. Dodson, Ceratopsia. T. Rowe, R. Tykoski, and J.R. Hutchinson, Ceratosauria. H. Bocherens, Chemical Composition of Dinosaur Fossils. D. Zhiming, Chinese Dinosaurs. J.M. Parrish, Chinle Formation. J.B. Smith, Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry. D. Maxwell, Cloverly Formation. J.R. Hutchinson and K. Padian, Coelurosauria. M.J. Ryan and A.P. Russell, Color. B. Breithaupt, Como Bluff. R.E. Chapman and D.B. Weishampel, Computers and Related Technology. J. Wright, Connecticut River Valley. D.B. Weishampel, Constructional Morphology. K. Chin, Coprolites. L.M. Witmer, Craniofacial Air Sinus Systems. E-B. Koppelhus, Cretaceous Period. J.M. Clark, Crocodylia. W.A.S. Sarjeant, Crystal Palace Dinosaurs. B. Britt and K.L. Stadtman, Dalton Wells Quarry. A. Sahni, Deccan Basalt. The Editors, Deinonychosauria. K. Carpenter, Denver Museum of Natural History. C. Coy, Devil's Coulee Dinosaur Egg Historic Site. M.J. Ryan and M.K. Vickaryous, Diet. K. Padian, Dinosauria: Definition. D. Chure, Dinosaur National Monument. A.B. Arcucci, Dinosauromorpha. C. Coy, Dinosaur Provincial Park. M. Lockley, Dinosaur Ridge. Don Lesson, Dinosaur Society. M. Lockley, Dinosaur Valley. M. Lockley, Dinoturbation. P. Dodson, Distribution and Diversity. T. Jerzykiewicz, Djadokhta Formation. P.A. Murry and R.A. Long, Dockum Group. P. Currie, Dromaeosaridae. B. Britt and B.I. Curtice, Dry Mesa Quarry. M.J. Ryan, Dryosauridae. D.A. Eberth, Edmonton Group. J.R. Horner, Egg Mountain. K.E. Mikhailov, Eggs, Eggshells, and Nests. P. Currie, Elmisauridae. The Editors, Enantiornithes. P. Currie, Erenhot Dinosaur The Editors, Euornithopoda. E. Buffetaut, European Dinosaurs. J.D. Archibald, Evolution. J.D. Archibald, Extinction, Cretaceous. M.J. Benton, Extinction, Triassic. P. Guangzhao, Fabrosauridae. M. Lockley, Fatima. P. Currie, Feathered Dinosaurs. M. Lockley, Footprints and Trackways. Per Christiansen, Forelimbs and Hands. J.I. Kirkland, Fruita Paleontological Area. M.J. Ryan, Fruitland Formation. X-C. Wu, Functional Morphology. L. Claessens, Gastralia. D.D. Gillette, Gastroliths. The Editors, Genasauria. J.M. Parrish, Genetics. C.C. Swisher, Geologic Time. C. Coy, Ghost Ranch. K. Padian, Glen Canyon Group. D.A. Winkler, Glen Rose, Texas. P. Currie, Graduate Studies. D.J. Varricchio, Growth and Embryology. K. Padian, Growth Lines. C.A. Forster, Hadrosauridae. K.R. Johnson, Hell Creek Flora. D.F. Lofgren, Hell Creek Formation. F.E. Novas, Herrerasauridae. J.A. Long and K.J. McNamara, Heterochrony. J.B. Smith, Heterodontosauridae. Per Christiansen, Hind Limbs and Feet. R.E.H. Reid, Histology of Bones and Teeth. W.A.S. Sarjeant, History of Dinosaur Discoveries: Early Discoveries. B. Breithaupt, History of Dinosaur Discoveries: First Golden Period. E. Buffetaut, History of Dinosaur Discoveries: Quiet Times. L. Psihoyos, History of Dinosaur Discoveries: Research Today. B. Breithaupt, Howe Quarry. H-D. Sues, Hypsilophodontidae. C.A. Forster, Iguanodontidae. A. Sahni, Indian Dinosaurs. The Editors, Institute de Paleontologie, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. D. Zhiming, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Beijing, China. D.A. Russell, Intelligence. R.R. Rogers, Ischigualasto Formation. Y. Azuma and Y. Tamida, Japanese Dinosaurs. D.A. Eberth, Judith River Wedge. D. Lessem and M. Schweitzer, Jurassic Park. P. Dodson, Jurassic Period. H. Haubold, Keuper Formation. M. Lockley, Khodja-Pil-Ata. M.J. Ryan, Kirtland Formation. A. Sahni, Lameta Formation. B. Breithaupt, Lance Formation. S.G. Lucas, Land-Mammal Ages. B.P. Perez-Moreno and J.L. Sanz, Las Hoyas. V.L. Santucci, Legislation Protecting Dinosaur Fossils. D.B. Weishampel, Life History. M. Lockley, Lommiswil. E. Frey and J. Martin, Long Necks of Sauropods. D. Zhiming, Lufeng. K. Padian, Maniraptora. K. Padian, Maniraptoriformes. The Editors, Marginocephalia. K. Padian, Megalosaurus. M. Lockley, Megatracksites. K. Padian, Mesozoic Era. H-D. Sues, Mesozoic Faunas. J. Basinger, Mesozoic Floras. R. Hernandez-Rivera, Mexican Dinosaurs. J.A. Schiebout, Microvertebrate Sites. M.J. Ryan, Middle Asian Dinosaurs. G.S. Paul, Migration. R. Barsbold, Mongolian Dinosaurs. K. Carpenter, Morrison Formation. J.M. Parrish, Musculature. J. Le Loeuff, Musee des Dinosaures, Esperaza, Aude, France. The Editors, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. D.K. Smith, Museum of Earth Science, Brigham Young University. M. Schweitzer, Museum of the Rockies. D. Chure, Museums and Displays. A. Chinsamy, National Museum, Bloemfontein, South Africa. P. Davis, Natual History Museum, London. H. Osmolska, Nemegt Formation. P. Dodson, Neoceratopsia. The Editors, Neotetanurae. H-D. Sues, Newark Supergroup. K. Padian, Origin of Dinosaurs. L.B. Tatarinov, Orlov Museum of Paleontology. M.K. Vickaryous and M.J. Ryan, Ornamentation. K. Padian, Ornithischia. K. Padian, Ornithodira. H. Osmolska, Ornithomimosauria. The Editors, Ornithopoda. K. Padian, Ornithosuchia. R. Barsbold, Oviraptorosauria. J.B. Smith, Oxford Clay. H-D. Sues, Pachycephalosauria. H. Haubold, Paleoclimatology. P. Dodson, Paleoecology. J.F. Lerbekmo, Paleomagnetic Correlation. E.A. Buchholtz, Paleoneurology. P.J. Currie, Paleontogical Museum, Ulaan Baatar. P. Davis, Paleontology. D.H. Tanke and B.M. Rothschild, Paleopathology. K. Padian, Pectoral Girdle. D. Rasskin-Gutman, Pelvis, Comparative Anatomy. C. Trueman, Permineralization. J.M. Parrish, Petrified Forest. K. Padian, Phylogenetic System. K. Padian, Phylogeny of Dinosaurs. K. Padian, Physiology. B. Tiffney, Plants and Dinosaurs. E. Hoch, Plate Tectonics. T.H. Rich, R.A. Gangloff, and W.R. Hammer, Polar Dinosaurs. H. Osmolska, Polish-Mongolian Paleontological Expeditions. D.F. Glut, Popular Culture, Literature. P. Makovicky, Postcranial Axial Skeleton. B. Britt, Postcranial Pneumaticity. R.E. Molnar, Problems with the Fossil Record. P. Upchurch, Prosauropoda. P. Davis, Pseudofossils. K. Padian, Pseudosuchia. P. Sereno, Psittacosauridae. K. Padian, Pterosauria. K. Padian, Pterosauromopha. M. Lockney, Purgatoire. K. Padian, Quadrupedality. D.A. Eberth, Radiometric Dating. P. Currie, Raptors. S.J. Czerkas, Reconstruction and Restoration. G.S. Paul, Reproductive Behavior and Rates. M.J. Benton, Reptiles. J. Wright, Rocky Hill Dinosaur Park. H-D. Sues, Royal Ontario B.G. Naylor, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology. M. Lockley, Samcheonpo. K. Padian, Saurischia. J.S. McIntosh, Sauropoda. P. Upchurch, Sauropodomorpha. P. Currie, Sino-Canadian Dinosaur Project. P. Currie, Sino-Soviet Expeditions. N.J. Mateer, Sino-Swedish Expeditions. E.H. Colbert, Size. R.M. Alexander, Size and Scaling. K. Padian, Skeletal Structures. S.A. Czerkas, Skin. The Editors, Skull, Comparative Anatomy. M.K. Brett-Surman, Smithsonian Institution. H. Haubold, Solnhofen Formation. A. Chinsamy, South African F.E. Novas, South American Dinosaurs. E. Buffetaut, Southeast Asian Dinosaurs. C. Coy, Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expeditions. J.D. Archibald, Speciation. J.D. Archibald, Species. A. Milner, Spinosauridae and Baryonychidae. The Editors, State Museum for Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany. K. Padian, Staurikosauridae. P. Galton, Stegosauria. X-C. Wu and A.P. Russell, Systematics. A.R. Fiorillo, Taphonomy. P.M. Sander, Teeth and Jaws. G. Maier, Tendaguru. J.R. Hutchinson and K. Padian, Tetanurae. K. Padian, Thecodontia. D.A. Russell, Therizinosauria. P.J. Currie, Theropoda. K. Carpenter, Thyreophora. A.R. Jacobsen, Tooth Marks. G.M. Erickson, Tooth Replacement Patterns. W.L. Abler, Tooth Serrations in Carnivorous Dinosaurs. A.R. Fiorillo and D.B. Weishampel, Tooth Wear. K. Padian, Trace Fossils. J.M. Parrish, Triassic Period. D.J. Varricchio, Troodontidae. J.O. Farlow, Trophic Groups. D.B. Weishampel, Trossingen. R.R. Rogers, Two Medicine Formation. K. Carpenter, Tyrannosauridae. M. Norell, Ukhaa Tolgod. The Editors, University of California Museum of Paleontology. S.D. Sampson and M.J. Ryan, Variation. M.J. Benton, Vertebrata. P. Davis, Vertebrate Paleontology. G.M. Erickson, Von Ebner Incremental Growth Lines. D. Norman, Wealden Group. J.R. Horner, Willow Creek Anticline. M.A. Turner, Yale Peabody D. Zhiming, Zigong Museum. Resources. Index.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.35-3642",
    doi = "10.5860/choice.35-3642",
    openalex = "W647458292"
}

@article{doi101371journalpone0012292,
    author = "Sampson, Scott D. and Loewen, Mark A. and Farke, Andrew A. and Roberts, Eric M. and Forster, Catherine A. and Smith, Joshua A. and Titus, Alan L.",
    title = "New Horned Dinosaurs from Utah Provide Evidence for Intracontinental Dinosaur Endemism",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    abstract = {BACKGROUND: During much of the Late Cretaceous, a shallow, epeiric sea divided North America into eastern and western landmasses. The western landmass, known as Laramidia, although diminutive in size, witnessed a major evolutionary radiation of dinosaurs. Other than hadrosaurs (duck-billed dinosaurs), the most common dinosaurs were ceratopsids (large-bodied horned dinosaurs), currently known only from Laramidia and Asia. Remarkably, previous studies have postulated the occurrence of latitudinally arrayed dinosaur "provinces," or "biomes," on Laramidia. Yet this hypothesis has been challenged on multiple fronts and has remained poorly tested. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we describe two new, co-occurring ceratopsids from the Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation of Utah that provide the strongest support to date for the dinosaur provincialism hypothesis. Both pertain to the clade of ceratopsids known as Chasmosaurinae, dramatically increasing representation of this group from the southern portion of the Western Interior Basin of North America. Utahceratops gettyi gen. et sp. nov.-characterized by short, rounded, laterally projecting supraorbital horncores and an elongate frill with a deep median embayment-is recovered as the sister taxon to Pentaceratops sternbergii from the late Campanian of New Mexico. Kosmoceratops richardsoni gen. et sp. nov.-characterized by elongate, laterally projecting supraorbital horncores and a short, broad frill adorned with ten well developed hooks-has the most ornate skull of any known dinosaur and is closely allied to Chasmosaurus irvinensis from the late Campanian of Alberta. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Considered in unison, the phylogenetic, stratigraphic, and biogeographic evidence documents distinct, co-occurring chasmosaurine taxa north and south on the diminutive landmass of Laramidia. The famous Triceratops and all other, more nested chasmosaurines are postulated as descendants of forms previously restricted to the southern portion of Laramidia. Results further suggest the presence of latitudinally arrayed evolutionary centers of endemism within chasmosaurine ceratopsids during the late Campanian, the first documented occurrence of intracontinental endemism within dinosaurs.},
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012292",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0012292",
    openalex = "W2027103072",
    references = "crossref1998encyclopedia, doi101007978140206754912413, doi101016jcretres200501002, doi101016jsedgeo200610001, doi101038358059a0, doi101086285558, doi101098rspl18870117, doi101111j10960031200800217x, doi101126science13234331023, doi101126science24348951145, doi101139e93016, doi105860choice353642, doi105860choice435902, lehman1987late, openalexw2611511275, openalexw3206657856, openalexw3215057009"
}

@article{doi101371journalpone0024487,
    author = "Zanno, Lindsay E. and Varricchio, David J. and O’Connor, Patrick M. and Titus, Alan L. and Knell, Michael J.",
    title = "A New Troodontid Theropod, Talos sampsoni gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous Western Interior Basin of North America",
    year = "2011",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    abstract = "BACKGROUND: Troodontids are a predominantly small-bodied group of feathered theropod dinosaurs notable for their close evolutionary relationship with Avialae. Despite a diverse Asian representation with remarkable growth in recent years, the North American record of the clade remains poor, with only one controversial species--Troodon formosus--presently known from substantial skeletal remains. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we report a gracile new troodontid theropod--Talos sampsoni gen. et sp. nov.--from the Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation, Utah, USA, representing one of the most complete troodontid skeletons described from North America to date. Histological assessment of the holotype specimen indicates that the adult body size of Talos was notably smaller than that of the contemporary genus Troodon. Phylogenetic analysis recovers Talos as a member of a derived, latest Cretaceous subclade, minimally containing Troodon, Saurornithoides, and Zanabazar. MicroCT scans reveal extreme pathological remodeling on pedal phalanx II-1 of the holotype specimen likely resulting from physical trauma and subsequent infectious processes. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Talos sampsoni adds to the singularity of the Kaiparowits Formation dinosaur fauna, which is represented by at least 10 previously unrecognized species including the recently named ceratopsids Utahceratops and Kosmoceratops, the hadrosaurine Gryposaurus monumentensis, the tyrannosaurid Teratophoneus, and the oviraptorosaurian Hagryphus. The presence of a distinct troodontid taxon in the Kaiparowits Formation supports the hypothesis that late Campanian dinosaurs of the Western Interior Basin exhibited restricted geographic ranges and suggests that the taxonomic diversity of Late Cretaceous troodontids from North America is currently underestimated. An apparent traumatic injury to the foot of Talos with evidence of subsequent healing sheds new light on the paleobiology of deinonychosaurians by bolstering functional interpretations of prey grappling and/or intraspecific combat for the second pedal digit, and supporting trackway evidence indicating a minimal role in weight bearing.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024487",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0024487",
    openalex = "W2075731101",
    references = "doi101002ar20986, doi101002sici109686441999081094563aidajpa1130co2x, doi101016jsedgeo200610001, doi101016s0006320796900622, doi101016s0748300703000604, doi101111j155856461985tb00420x, doi1012066481, doi101371journalpone0012292, doi101371journalpone0014329, doi1015468gcrned, doi1016710272463420050250897anotmf20co2, doi1023072408678, doi102307jctvqc6gzx, doi102475ajss319111253, doi105860choice362492, doi105962bhltitle115853, doi105962p339375, openalexw2611511275, openalexw3206657856, openalexw3215057009, wilson1985stenonychosaurus"
}

@article{doi101016jpalaeo201206024,
    author = "Mallon, Jordan C. and Evans, David C. and Ryan, Michael J. and Anderson, Jason S.",
    title = "Megaherbivorous dinosaur turnover in the Dinosaur Park Formation (upper Campanian) of Alberta, Canada",
    year = "2012",
    journal = "Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.06.024",
    doi = "10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.06.024",
    openalex = "W2023998490",
    references = "brinkman1990paleooecology, doi1010160031018288900855, doi1010160098300487900227, doi101016jcretres200501002, doi10108001621459196310500845, doi101111j144299931993tb00438x, doi101111j146981371912tb05611x, doi101139e05029, doi101139e09050, doi101139e78109, doi101139e93016, doi101146annureves26110195002305, doi101371journalpone0012292, doi1016690883135120010160482ttoaco20co2, doi10167102724634200727373aarolm20co2, doi1023071412159, doi1023071932409, doi105281zenodo16435756, lehman1987late, openalexw2032279931, openalexw2183707334"
}

@article{doi101371journalpone0042135,
    author = "Gates, Terry A. and Prieto‐Márquez, Albert and Zanno, Lindsay E.",
    title = "Mountain Building Triggered Late Cretaceous North American Megaherbivore Dinosaur Radiation",
    year = "2012",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    abstract = "Prior studies of Mesozoic biodiversity document a diversity peak for dinosaur species in the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous, yet have failed to provide explicit causal mechanisms. We provide evidence that a marked increase in North American dinosaur biodiversity can be attributed to dynamic orogenic episodes within the Western Interior Basin (WIB). Detailed fossil occurrences document an association between the shift from Sevier-style, latitudinally arrayed basins to smaller Laramide-style, longitudinally arrayed basins and a well substantiated decreased geographic range/increased taxonomic diversity of megaherbivorous dinosaur species. Dispersal-vicariance analysis demonstrates that the nearly identical biogeographic histories of the megaherbivorous dinosaur clades Ceratopsidae and Hadrosauridae are attributable to rapid diversification events within restricted basins and that isolation events are contemporaneous with known tectonic activity in the region. SymmeTREE analysis indicates that megaherbivorous dinosaur clades exhibited significant variation in diversification rates throughout the Late Cretaceous. Phylogenetic divergence estimates of fossil clades offer a new lower boundary on Laramide surficial deformation that precedes estimates based on sedimentological data alone.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042135",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0042135",
    openalex = "W2034247742",
    references = "doi101016jpalaeo201206024, doi101016jsedgeo200610001, doi101111j10963642201000642x, doi101139e09050, doi101306m41456c20, doi101371journalpone0024487, doi101371journalpone0032623, doi10167102724634200727373aarolm20co2, lucas1990late"
}

@article{doi101371journalpone0079420,
    author = "Loewen, Mark A. and Irmis, Randall B. and Sertich, Joseph J. W. and Currie, Philip J. and Sampson, Scott D.",
    title = "Tyrant Dinosaur Evolution Tracks the Rise and Fall of Late Cretaceous Oceans",
    year = "2013",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    abstract = "The Late Cretaceous (∼95-66 million years ago) western North American landmass of Laramidia displayed heightened non-marine vertebrate diversity and intracontinental regionalism relative to other latest Cretaceous Laurasian ecosystems. Processes generating these patterns during this interval remain poorly understood despite their presumed role in the diversification of many clades. Tyrannosauridae, a clade of large-bodied theropod dinosaurs restricted to the Late Cretaceous of Laramidia and Asia, represents an ideal group for investigating Laramidian patterns of evolution. We use new tyrannosaurid discoveries from Utah--including a new taxon which represents the geologically oldest member of the clade--to investigate the evolution and biogeography of Tyrannosauridae. These data suggest a Laramidian origin for Tyrannosauridae, and implicate sea-level related controls in the isolation, diversification, and dispersal of this and many other Late Cretaceous vertebrate clades.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079420",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0079420",
    openalex = "W2091933212",
    references = "doi101080027246342011557116, doi10108010635150701883881, doi101111j10960031200800217x, doi101111j10963642200900591x, doi101111j155856461985tb00420x, doi101126science1116412, doi101126science23547931156, doi101214aos1176344552, doi101371journalpone0021376, doi1015259780520941434, doi1023072408678, doi102475ajss321125417, doi105281zenodo16171435, nesbitt2009a, openalexw2611511275, openalexw3215057009"
}

@article{doi104202app20120125,
    author = "Penkalski, Paul",
    title = "A new ankylosaurid from the late Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana, USA",
    year = "2013",
    journal = "Acta Palaeontologica Polonica",
    abstract = "Oohkotokia horneri gen. et sp. nov. is described based on a specimen in the collections of the Museum of the Rockies, Montana, USA. Oohkotokia exhibits a unique combination of characters not seen in other late Campanian North American ankylosaurids: prominent, horn-like, trihedral squamosal bosses, a small, undistinguished median nasal plate on the dorsal surface of the rostrum, a relatively small occipital condyle, a smooth, finely pitted osteoderm external texture, and triangular lateral osteoderms. Other specimens from the Two Medicine Formation are referable to Oohkotokia. O. horneri",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2012.0125",
    doi = "10.4202/app.2012.0125",
    openalex = "W2149083881",
    references = "hamblin1994the"
}

@article{doi101371journalpone0092022,
    author = "Lamanna, Matthew C. and Sues, Hans‐Dieter and Schachner, Emma R. and Lyson, Tyler R.",
    title = "A New Large-Bodied Oviraptorosaurian Theropod Dinosaur from the Latest Cretaceous of Western North America",
    year = "2014",
    journal = "PLoS ONE",
    abstract = "The oviraptorosaurian theropod dinosaur clade Caenagnathidae has long been enigmatic due to the incomplete nature of nearly all described fossils. Here we describe Anzu wyliei gen. et sp. nov., a new taxon of large-bodied caenagnathid based primarily on three well-preserved partial skeletons. The specimens were recovered from the uppermost Cretaceous (upper Maastrichtian) Hell Creek Formation of North and South Dakota, and are therefore among the stratigraphically youngest known oviraptorosaurian remains. Collectively, the fossils include elements from most regions of the skeleton, providing a wealth of information on the osteology and evolutionary relationships of Caenagnathidae. Phylogenetic analysis reaffirms caenagnathid monophyly, and indicates that Anzu is most closely related to Caenagnathus collinsi, a taxon that is definitively known only from a mandible from the Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta. The problematic oviraptorosaurs Microvenator and Gigantoraptor are recovered as basal caenagnathids, as has previously been suggested. Anzu and other caenagnathids may have favored well-watered floodplain settings over channel margins, and were probably ecological generalists that fed upon vegetation, small animals, and perhaps eggs.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092022",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0092022",
    openalex = "W2135294759",
    references = "doi10103831635, doi101038nature08322, doi101038nature10288, doi101111j10960031200800217x, doi101111j146979981985tb04915x, doi101126science2665186779, doi102475ajss31695411, doi102475ajss3179786, doi102475ajss319111253, doi104095105003, doi105860choice393984, doi105860choice435902"
}

@article{doi1010801477201920151059985,
    author = "Arbour, Victoria M. and Currie, Philip J.",
    title = "Systematics, phylogeny and palaeobiogeography of the ankylosaurid dinosaurs",
    year = "2015",
    journal = "Journal of Systematic Palaeontology",
    abstract = "The Ankylosauria is a group of herbivorous, quadrupedal, armoured dinosaurs subdivided into at least two major clades, the Ankylosauridae and the Nodosauridae. The most derived members of Ankylosauridae had a unique tail club formed from modified, tightly interlocking distal caudal vertebrae and enlarged osteoderms that envelop the terminus of the tail. We review all known ankylosaurid species, as well as ankylosaurs of uncertain affinities, in order to conduct a revised phylogenetic analysis of the clade. The revised phylogenetic analysis resulted in a monophyletic Ankylosauridae consisting of Ahshislepelta, Aletopelta, Gastonia, Gobisaurus, Liaoningosaurus, Shamosaurus and a suite of derived ankylosaurids (Ankylosaurinae). There is convincing evidence for the presence of nodosaurids in Asia during the Early Cretaceous. In the mid Cretaceous, Asian nodosaurids were replaced by ankylosaurine ankylosaurids. Ankylosaurines migrated into North America from Asia between the Albian and Campanian, where they diversified into a clade of ankylosaurines, here named Ankylosaurini, characterized by arched snouts and numerous flat cranial caputegulae. There is no evidence for any ankylosaurids in Gondwana; Ankylosauridae appears to be completely restricted to Asia and North America. The genus Crichtonpelta gen. nov. is created, type species Crichtonsaurus benxiensis Lü et al.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EE5B88A3-3353-4FB6-B9A2-FCF0F99770EB",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2015.1059985",
    doi = "10.1080/14772019.2015.1059985",
    openalex = "W4232331209",
    references = "doi101002ar20794, doi101016002532279290061l, doi101016jympev201004011, doi10108002724634199510011230, doi101098rspl18870117, doi101111j109636422001tb01314x, doi101126science2562999, doi101126science9231776, doi101371journalpone0012292, doi101371journalpone0108804, doi105860choice393984, openalexw1535663436, openalexw2173200745, openalexw2912219260"
}

@article{doi101186s1289801601068,
    author = "Cullen, Thomas M. and Evans, David C.",
    title = "Palaeoenvironmental drivers of vertebrate community composition in the Belly River Group (Campanian) of Alberta, Canada, with implications for dinosaur biogeography",
    year = "2016",
    journal = "BMC Ecology",
    abstract = "BACKGROUND: The Belly River Group of southern Alberta is one of the best-sampled Late Cretaceous terrestrial faunal assemblages in the world. This system provides a high-resolution biostratigraphic record of terrestrial vertebrate diversity and faunal turnover, and it has considerable potential to be a model system for testing hypotheses of dinosaur palaeoecological dynamics, including important aspects of palaeoecommunity structure, trophic interactions, and responses to environmental change. Vertebrate fossil microsites (assemblages of small bones and teeth concentrated together over a relatively short time and thought to be representative of community composition) offer an unparalleled dataset to better test these hypotheses by ameliorating problems of sample size, geography, and chronostratigraphic control that hamper other palaeoecological analyses. Here, we assembled a comprehensive relative abundance dataset of microsites sampled from the entire Belly River Group and performed a series of analyses to test the influence of environmental factors on site and taxon clustering, and assess the stability of faunal assemblages both temporally and spatially. We also test the long-held idea that populations of large dinosaur taxa were particularly sensitive to small-scale environmental gradients, such as the paralic (coastal) to alluvial (inland) regimes present within the time-equivalent depositional basin of the upper Oldman and lower Dinosaur Park Formations. RESULTS: Palaeoenvironment (i.e. reconstructed environmental conditions, related to relative amount of alluvial, fluvial, and coastal influence in associated sedimentary strata) was found to be strongly associated with clustering of sites by relative-abundance faunal assemblages, particularly in relation to changes in faunal assemblage composition and marine-terrestrial environmental transitions. Palaeogeography/palaeolandscape were moderately associated to site relative abundance assemblage clustering, with depositional setting and time (i.e. vertical position within stratigraphic unit) more weakly associated. Interestingly, while vertebrate relative abundance assemblages as a whole were strongly correlated with these marine-terrestrial transitions, the dinosaur fauna does not appear to be particularly sensitive to them. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis confirms that depositional setting (i.e. the sediment type/sorting and associated characteristics) has little effect on faunal assemblage composition, in contrast to the effect of changes in the broader palaeoenvironment (e.g. upper vs. lower coastal plain, etc.), with marine-terrestrial transitions driving temporal faunal dynamics within the Belly River Group. The similarity of the dinosaur faunal assemblages between the time-equivalent portions of the Dinosaur Park Formation and Oldman Formation suggests that either these palaeoenvironments are more similar than characterized in the literature, or that the dinosaurs are less sensitive to variation in palaeoenvironment than has often been suggested. A lack of sensitivity to subtle environmental gradients casts doubt on these forces acting as a driver of putative endemism of dinosaur populations in the Late Cretaceous of North America.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-016-0106-8",
    doi = "10.1186/s12898-016-0106-8",
    openalex = "W2549529320",
    references = "doi1010079780387981413, doi101023a1008959721342, doi101038282296a0, doi101139e93016, doi101371journalpone0012292, doi105860choice260307, doi105860choice393984, doi105860choice435902, openalexw2187850523"
}

@article{doi101139cjes20170031,
    author = "van der Reest, Aaron J. and Currie, Philip J.",
    title = "Troodontids (Theropoda) from the Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, with a description of a unique new taxon: implications for deinonychosaur diversity in North America",
    year = "2017",
    journal = "Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences",
    abstract = "Troodontids are known from Asia and North America, with the most complete specimens from the Jurassic of China and the Cretaceous of Mongolia. North American troodontids are poorly known, and specimens that have been described are isolated elements or partial skeletons with limited material. A new troodontid from the upper Dinosaur Park Formation (upper Campanian) is based on partial skulls, several vertebrae, ribs, gastralia, chevrons, a sacrum, partial pelvis, and partial fore and hind limbs. It is the largest troodontid known, with an estimated height of 180 cm and length of 350 cm. Like other troodontids, it possesses an elongated ambiens process and has a horizontal ventral margin of the postacetabular process. It differs from all other derived troodontids in that the slightly retroverted pubis has a shaft that curves anteroventrally. Some specimens from the Dinosaur Park Formation previously assigned to Troodon are reassigned to the new taxon, including multiple partial crania, an associated dentary and metatarsus, and a partial skeleton. Previously undescribed elements from the lower part of the Dinosaur Park Formation are assigned to the resurrected Stenonychosaurus inequalis. Distinct stratigraphic separation of Stenonychosaurus inequalis and the new taxon indicates a replacement in troodontid fauna, similar to the turnover of large ornithischians in the same formation. The new taxon is phylogenetically more closely related to Mongolian taxa, indicating the replacement of Stenonychosaurus may have been from an earlier Asian form immigrating into North America.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2017-0031",
    doi = "10.1139/cjes-2017-0031",
    openalex = "W2742325356",
    references = "doi101007s0011401411439, doi101007s1143400900096, doi101016jpalaeo201206024, doi101016jpalaeo201206027, doi101038415780a, doi101038nature02898, doi101038ncomms4289, doi101038ncomms4788, doi1010800272463420161269539, doi101139e93187, doi1012066481, doi1012067481, doi101371journalpone0024487, doi101371journalpone0054329, doi101371journalpone0093190, doi1016710272463420072787antdtf20co2, doi105860choice435902, doi105962p339375, openalexw2597671315"
}

@article{doi101371journalpone0188426,
    author = "Fowler, Denver Warwick",
    title = "Revised geochronology, correlation, and dinosaur stratigraphic ranges of the Santonian-Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) formations of the Western Interior of North America.",
    year = "2017",
    journal = "PloS one",
    abstract = "Interbasinal stratigraphic correlation provides the foundation for all consequent continental-scale geological and paleontological analyses. Correlation requires synthesis of lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic and geochronologic data, and must be periodically updated to accord with advances in dating techniques, changing standards for radiometric dates, new stratigraphic concepts, hypotheses, fossil specimens, and field data. Outdated or incorrect correlation exposes geological and paleontological analyses to potential error. The current work presents a high-resolution stratigraphic chart for terrestrial Late Cretaceous units of North America, combining published chronostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic, and biostratigraphic data. 40Ar / 39Ar radiometric dates are newly recalibrated to both current standard and decay constant pairings. Revisions to the stratigraphic placement of most units are slight, but important changes are made to the proposed correlations of the Aguja and Javelina formations, Texas, and recalibration corrections in particular affect the relative age positions of the Belly River Group, Alberta; Judith River Formation, Montana; Kaiparowits Formation, Utah; and Fruitland and Kirtland formations, New Mexico. The stratigraphic ranges of selected clades of dinosaur species are plotted on the chronostratigraphic framework, with some clades comprising short-duration species that do not overlap stratigraphically with preceding or succeeding forms. This is the expected pattern that is produced by an anagenetic mode of evolution, suggesting that true branching (speciation) events were rare and may have geographic significance. The recent hypothesis of intracontinental latitudinal provinciality of dinosaurs is shown to be affected by previous stratigraphic miscorrelation. Rapid stepwise acquisition of display characters in many dinosaur clades, in particular chasmosaurine ceratopsids, suggests that they may be useful for high resolution biostratigraphy.",
    url = "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5699823/",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0188426",
    openalex = "W2544476050",
    pmcid = "PMC5699823",
    pmid = "29166406",
    references = "doi1010160012821x77900607, doi101016016896228790025x, doi101016037594749090598g, doi101016jgca201006017, doi101016jgca201106021, doi101016jsedgeo200610001, doi101016s0009254197001599, doi101016s0016703799002045, doi101016s0375947497006131, doi101126science1154339, doi101130001676061952631011cotcfo20co2, doi101130b310761, doi101139e93016, doi101371journalpone0012292, doi101371journalpone0024487, doi101371journalpone0025186, doi101371journalpone0141304, doi10167102724634200727373aarolm20co2, doi105860choice514447, lehman1987late, openalexw2025327988"
}

@misc{doi107287peerjpreprints2554,
    author = "Fowler, Denver W.",
    title = "Revised geochronology, correlation, and dinosaur stratigraphic ranges of the Santonian-Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) formations of the Western Interior of North America",
    year = "2017",
    abstract = "Interbasinal stratigraphic correlation provides the foundation for all consequent continental-scale geological and paleontological analyses. Correlation requires synthesis of lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic and geochronologic data, and must be periodically updated to accord with advances in dating techniques, changing standards for radiometric dates, new stratigraphic concepts, hypotheses, fossil specimens, and field data. Outdated or incorrect correlation exposes geological and paleontological analyses to potential error. The current work presents a high-resolution stratigraphic chart for terrestrial Late Cretaceous units of North America, combining published chronostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic, and biostratigraphic data. 40 Ar / 39 Ar radiometric dates are newly recalibrated to both current standard and decay constant pairings. Revisions to the stratigraphic placement of most units are slight, but important changes are made to the proposed correlations of the Aguja and Javelina Formations, Texas, and recalibration corrections in particular affect the relative age positions of the Belly River Group, Alberta; Judith River Formation, Montana; Kaiparowits Formation, Utah; and Fruitland and Kirtland formations, New Mexico. The stratigraphic ranges of selected clades of dinosaur species are plotted on the chronostratigraphic framework, with some clades comprising short-duration species that do not overlap stratigraphically with preceding or succeeding forms. This is the expected pattern that is produced by an anagenetic mode of evolution, suggesting that true branching (speciation) events were rare and may have geographic significance. The recent hypothesis of intracontinental latitudinal provinciality of dinosaurs is shown to be affected by previous stratigraphic miscorrelation. Rapid stepwise acquisition of display characters in many dinosaur clades, in particular chasmosaurine ceratopsids, suggests that they may be useful for high resolution biostratigraphy.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.2554",
    doi = "10.7287/peerj.preprints.2554",
    openalex = "W4248315775"
}

@misc{doi107287peerjpreprints2554v2,
    author = "Fowler, Denver W.",
    title = "Revised geochronology, correlation, and dinosaur stratigraphic ranges of the Santonian-Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) formations of the Western Interior of North America",
    year = "2017",
    abstract = "Interbasinal stratigraphic correlation provides the foundation for all consequent continental-scale geological and paleontological analyses. Correlation requires synthesis of lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic and geochronologic data, and must be periodically updated to accord with advances in dating techniques, changing standards for radiometric dates, new stratigraphic concepts, hypotheses, fossil specimens, and field data. Outdated or incorrect correlation exposes geological and paleontological analyses to potential error. The current work presents a high-resolution stratigraphic chart for terrestrial Late Cretaceous units of North America, combining published chronostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic, and biostratigraphic data. 40 Ar / 39 Ar radiometric dates are newly recalibrated to both current standard and decay constant pairings. Revisions to the stratigraphic placement of most units are slight, but important changes are made to the proposed correlations of the Aguja and Javelina Formations, Texas, and recalibration corrections in particular affect the relative age positions of the Belly River Group, Alberta; Judith River Formation, Montana; Kaiparowits Formation, Utah; and Fruitland and Kirtland formations, New Mexico. The stratigraphic ranges of selected clades of dinosaur species are plotted on the chronostratigraphic framework, with some clades comprising short-duration species that do not overlap stratigraphically with preceding or succeeding forms. This is the expected pattern that is produced by an anagenetic mode of evolution, suggesting that true branching (speciation) events were rare and may have geographic significance. The recent hypothesis of intracontinental latitudinal provinciality of dinosaurs is shown to be affected by previous stratigraphic miscorrelation. Rapid stepwise acquisition of display characters in many dinosaur clades, in particular chasmosaurine ceratopsids, suggests that they may be useful for high resolution biostratigraphy.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.2554v2",
    doi = "10.7287/peerj.preprints.2554v2",
    openalex = "W4230668545"
}

@article{doi101038s41467019089972,
    author = "Chiarenza, Alfio Alessandro and Mannion, Philip D. and Lunt, Daniel J. and Farnsworth, Alex and Jones, Lewis A. and Kelland, Sarah-Jane and Allison, Peter A.",
    title = "Ecological niche modelling does not support climatically-driven dinosaur diversity decline before the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction",
    year = "2019",
    journal = "Nature Communications",
    abstract = "In the lead-up to the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction, dinosaur diversity is argued to have been either in long-term decline, or thriving until their sudden demise. The latest Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian [83-66 Ma]) of North America provides the best record to address this debate, but even here diversity reconstructions are biased by uneven sampling. Here we combine fossil occurrences with climatic and environmental modelling to quantify latest Cretaceous North American dinosaur habitat. Ecological niche modelling shows a Campanian-to-Maastrichtian habitability decrease in areas with present-day rock-outcrop. However, a continent-wide projection demonstrates habitat stability, or even a Campanian-to-Maastrichtian increase, that is not preserved. This reduction of the spatial sampling window resulted from formation of the proto-Rocky Mountains and sea-level regression. We suggest that Maastrichtian North American dinosaur diversity is therefore likely to be underestimated, with the apparent decline a product of sampling bias, and not due to a climatically-driven decrease in habitability as previously hypothesised.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08997-2",
    doi = "10.1038/s41467-019-08997-2",
    openalex = "W2919866498",
    references = "doi101016jecolmodel201312012, doi101016jpalaeo201602033, doi101038nature15697, doi101038ncomms1815, doi101073pnas0901637106, doi101073pnas1521478113, doi10108008912969009386535, doi101111ecog03049, doi101111j13652664200601214x, doi101111j14724642201000725x, doi101111pala12329, doi101126science3287615, doi1012019781315140919, doi101371journalpone0079420, doi1018900721531, doi1023071931034, doi103897zookeys4698439, lehman1987late"
}

@article{doi101038s41598019517095,
    author = "Mallon, Jordan C.",
    title = "Competition structured a Late Cretaceous megaherbivorous dinosaur assemblage",
    year = "2019",
    journal = "Scientific Reports",
    abstract = "Modern megaherbivore community richness is limited by bottom-up controls, such as resource limitation and resultant dietary competition. However, the extent to which these same controls impacted the richness of fossil megaherbivore communities is poorly understood. The present study investigates the matter with reference to the megaherbivorous dinosaur assemblage from the middle to upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada. Using a meta-analysis of 21 ecomorphological variables measured across 14 genera, contemporaneous taxa are demonstrably well-separated in ecomorphospace at the family/subfamily level. Moreover, this pattern is persistent through the approximately 1.5 Myr timespan of the formation, despite continual species turnover, indicative of underlying structural principles imposed by long-term ecological competition. After considering the implications of ecomorphology for megaherbivorous dinosaur diet, it is concluded that competition structured comparable megaherbivorous dinosaur communities throughout the Late Cretaceous of western North America.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51709-5",
    doi = "10.1038/s41598-019-51709-5",
    openalex = "W2981425882",
    references = "doi101007978146124018114, doi101017cbo9780511565441, doi101017cbo9780511608551, doi101017cbo9780511735011, doi101086653688, doi101093biomet301281, doi101098rsos161086, doi101111j15023931200900187x, doi101139cjes20120185, doi101139e10005, doi101139e78109, doi101186147267851314, doi1012060003008220023660001aitrou20co2, doi101371journalpone0098605, doi101371journalpone0175253, doi101371journalpone0188426, doi1023073545850, doi1023075663, doi102475ajs2628975, openalexw2183707334"
}

@article{doi101139cjes20190019,
    author = "Eberth, David A. and Kamo, Sandra L.",
    title = "High-precision U–Pb CA–ID–TIMS dating and chronostratigraphy of the dinosaur-rich Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian–Maastrichtian), Red Deer River valley, Alberta, Canada",
    year = "2019",
    journal = "Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences",
    abstract = "The non-marine Horseshoe Canyon Formation (HCFm, southern Alberta) yields taxonomically diverse, late Campanian to middle Maastrichtian dinosaur assemblages that play a central role in documenting dinosaur evolution, paleoecology, and paleobiogeography leading up to the end-Cretaceous extinction. Here, we present high-precision U–Pb CA–ID–TIMS ages and the first calibrated chronostratigraphy for the HCFm using zircon grains from (1) four HCFm bentonites distributed through 129 m of section, (2) one bentonite from the underlying Bearpaw Formation, and (3) a bentonite from the overlying Battle Formation that we dated previously. In its type area, the HCFm ranges in age from 73.1–68.0 Ma. Significant paleoenvironmental and climatic changes are recorded in the formation, including (1) a transition from a warm-and-wet deltaic setting to a cooler, seasonally wet-dry coastal plain at 71.5 Ma, (2) maximum transgression of the Drumheller Marine Tongue at 70.896 ± 0.048 Ma, and (3) transition to a warm-wet alluvial plain at 69.6 Ma. The HCFm’s three mega-herbivore dinosaur assemblage zones track these changes and are calibrated as follows: Edmontosaurus regalis – Pachyrhinosaurus canadensis zone, 73.1–71.5 Ma; Hypacrosaurus altispinus – Saurolophus osborni zone, 71.5–69.6 Ma; and Eotriceratops xerinsularis zone, 69.6–68.2 Ma. The Albertosaurus Bonebed — a monodominant assemblage of tyrannosaurids in the Tolman Member — is assessed an age of 70.1 Ma. The unusual triceratopsin, Eotriceratops xerinsularis, from the Carbon Member, is assessed an age of 68.8 Ma. This chronostratigraphy is useful for refining correlations with dinosaur-bearing upper Campanian–middle Maastrichtian units in Alberta and elsewhere in North America.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2019-0019",
    doi = "10.1139/cjes-2019-0019",
    openalex = "W2979872101",
    references = "andeberth2016new, doi101007springerreference4923, doi1010160016703773902135, doi101016jchemgeo200503011, doi101016jgca200509007, doi101016jgca201006017, doi101016s0009254196000332, doi101016s0195667105800308, doi101073pnas1313334111, doi101103physrevc41889, doi101126science1154339, doi101126science1230492, doi101139cjes20120185, doi101371journalpone0188426, doi104202app20110033, doi105860choice435902, openalexw2989049194"
}

@article{doi101073pnas2006087117,
    author = "Chiarenza, Alfio Alessandro and Farnsworth, Alexander and Mannion, Philip D. and Lunt, Daniel J. and Valdes, Paul J. and Morgan, Joanna and Allison, Peter A.",
    title = "Asteroid impact, not volcanism, caused the end-Cretaceous dinosaur extinction",
    year = "2020",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
    abstract = "The Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction, 66 Ma, included the demise of non-avian dinosaurs. Intense debate has focused on the relative roles of Deccan volcanism and the Chicxulub asteroid impact as kill mechanisms for this event. Here, we combine fossil-occurrence data with paleoclimate and habitat suitability models to evaluate dinosaur habitability in the wake of various asteroid impact and Deccan volcanism scenarios. Asteroid impact models generate a prolonged cold winter that suppresses potential global dinosaur habitats. Conversely, long-term forcing from Deccan volcanism (carbon dioxide [CO 2]-induced warming) leads to increased habitat suitability. Short-term (aerosol cooling) volcanism still allows equatorial habitability. These results support the asteroid impact as the main driver of the non-avian dinosaur extinction. By contrast, induced warming from volcanism mitigated the most extreme effects of asteroid impact, potentially reducing the extinction severity.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006087117",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.2006087117",
    openalex = "W3038551147",
    references = "alvarez1980extraterrestrial, doi101007s1091400569434, doi101016jcub201804062, doi101016s0012825200000374, doi10102993jd02553, doi101038s41467019089972, doi101073pnas1211526110, doi101073pnas1319253111, doi101111brv12128, doi101111ecog03049, doi101111j14724642201000725x, doi101111j16000587200805742x, doi101126sciadvaat4858, doi101126science1177265, doi101126science1229237, doi101126science20844481095, doi101126science21545391501, doi101126scienceaau2422, doi101126scienceaay2268, doi1011302014250315, doi1011302014250502, doi101130spe247, doi101144sp35813"
}

@article{doi101111pala12492,
    author = "Dean, Christopher D. and Chiarenza, Alfio Alessandro and Maidment, Susannah C. R.",
    title = "Formation binning: a new method for increased temporal resolution in regional studies, applied to the Late Cretaceous dinosaur fossil record of North America",
    year = "2020",
    journal = "Palaeontology",
    abstract = "Abstract The advent of palaeontological occurrence databases has allowed for detailed reconstruction and analyses of species richness through deep time. While a substantial literature has evolved ensuring that taxa are fairly counted within and between different time periods, how time itself is divided has received less attention. Stage‐level or equal‐interval age bins have frequently been used for regional and global studies in vertebrate palaeontology. However, when assessing diversity at a regional scale, these resolutions can prove inappropriate with the available data. Herein, we propose a new method of binning geological time for regional studies that intrinsically incorporates the chronostratigraphic heterogeneity of different rock formations to generate unique stratigraphic bins. We use this method to investigate the diversity dynamics of dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of the Western Interior of North America prior to the Cretaceous–Palaeogene mass extinction. Increased resolution through formation binning pinpoints the Maastrichtian diversity decline to between 68 and 66 Ma, coinciding with the retreat of the Western Interior Seaway. Diversity curves are shown to exhibit volatile patterns using different binning methods, supporting claims that heterogeneous biases in this time‐frame affect the pre‐extinction palaeobiological record. We also show that the apparent high endemicity of dinosaurs in the Campanian is a result of non‐contemporaneous geological units within large time bins. This study helps to illustrate the utility of high‐resolution, regional studies to supplement our understanding of factors governing global diversity in deep time and ultimately how geology is inherently tied to our understanding of past changes in species richness.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12492",
    doi = "10.1111/pala.12492",
    openalex = "W3034624876",
    references = "doi101038s41598019517095, doi1011112041210x12666"
}

@article{doi101130g473991,
    author = "Cullen, Thomas M. and Longstaffe, Fred J. and Wortmann, Ulrich G. and Huang, L. and Fanti, Federico and Goodwin, Mark B. and Ryan, Michael J. and Evans, David C.",
    title = "Large-scale stable isotope characterization of a Late Cretaceous dinosaur-dominated ecosystem",
    year = "2020",
    journal = "Geology",
    abstract = "Abstract In the Cretaceous of North America, environmental sensitivity and habitat specialization have been hypothesized to explain the surprisingly restricted geographic ranges of many large-bodied dinosaurs. Understanding the drivers behind this are key to determining broader trends of dinosaur species and community response to climate change under greenhouse conditions. However, previous studies of this question have commonly examined only small components of the paleo-ecosystem or operated without comparison to similar modern systems from which to constrain interpretations. Here we perform a high-resolution multi-taxic δ13C and δ18O study of a Cretaceous coastal floodplain ecosystem, focusing on species interactions and paleotemperature estimation, and compare with similar data from extant systems. Bioapatite δ13C preserves predator-prey offsets between tyrannosaurs and ornithischians (large herbivorous dinosaurs), and between aquatic reptiles and fish. Large ornithischians had broadly overlapping stable isotope ranges, contrary to hypothesized niche partitioning driven by specialization on coastal or inland subhabitat use. Comparisons to a modern analogue coastal floodplain show similar patterns of ecological guild structure and aquatic-terrestrial resource interchange. Multi-taxic oxygen isotope temperature estimations yield results for the Campanian of Alberta (Canada) consistent with the few other paleotemperature proxies available, and are validated when applied for extant species from a modern coastal floodplain, suggesting that this approach is a simple and effective avenue for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Together, these new data suggest that dinosaur niche partitioning was more complex than previously hypothesized, and provide a framework for future research on dinosaur-dominated Mesozoic floodplain communities.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1130/g47399.1",
    doi = "10.1130/g47399.1",
    openalex = "W3011136744",
    references = "doi101007b110345, doi101016003101828790040x, doi101016jepsl200407015, doi101016jpalaeo201206027, doi101016s0016703796002402, doi101038s41598019517095, doi101073pnas1004933107, doi101073pnas1521478113, doi101098rsos161086, doi101186147267851314, doi101186s1289801601068, doi101371journalpone0012292, doi1016660094837336180, doi1018901540929520075429anfie20co2, doi102475ajs3047612"
}

@misc{doi107287peerj9251v01reviews1,
    author = "Campbell, Jonathan A.",
    title = {Peer Review \#1 of "Transitional evolutionary forms in chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaurs: evidence from the Campanian of New Mexico (v0.1)"},
    year = "2020",
    abstract = "Three new chasmosaurines from the Kirtland Formation (\textasciitilde 75.0-73.4Ma), New Mexico, form morphological and stratigraphic intermediates between Pentaceratops (\textasciitilde 74.7-75Ma,Fruitland Formation, New Mexico) and Anchiceratops (\textasciitilde 72-71Ma, Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta).The new specimens exhibit gradual enclosure of the parietal embayment that characterizes Pentaceratops, providing support for the phylogenetic hypothesis that Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops are closely related.This stepwise change of morphologic characters observed in chasmosaurine taxa that do not overlap stratigraphically is supportive of evolution by anagenesis.Recently published hypotheses that place Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops into separate clades are not supported.This phylogenetic relationship demonstrates unrestricted movement of large-bodied taxa between hitherto purported northern and southern provinces in the late Campanian, weakening support for the hypothesis of extreme faunal provincialism in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.9251v0.1/reviews/1",
    doi = "10.7287/peerj.9251v0.1/reviews/1",
    openalex = "W3034774882",
    references = "doi107287peerjpreprints2554v2"
}

@misc{doi107287peerj9251v02reviews1,
    author = "Campbell, Jonathan A.",
    title = {Peer Review \#1 of "Transitional evolutionary forms in chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaurs: evidence from the Campanian of New Mexico (v0.2)"},
    year = "2020",
    abstract = "Three new chasmosaurines from the Kirtland Formation (\textasciitilde 75.0-73.4Ma), New Mexico, form morphological and stratigraphic intermediates between Pentaceratops (\textasciitilde 74.7-75Ma,Fruitland Formation, New Mexico) and Anchiceratops (\textasciitilde 72-71Ma, Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta).The new specimens exhibit gradual enclosure of the parietal embayment that characterizes Pentaceratops, providing support for the phylogenetic hypothesis that Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops are closely related.This stepwise change of morphologic characters observed in chasmosaurine taxa that do not overlap stratigraphically is supportive of evolution by anagenesis.Recently published hypotheses that place Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops into separate clades are not supported.This phylogenetic relationship demonstrates unrestricted movement of large-bodied taxa between hitherto purported northern and southern provinces in the late Campanian, weakening support for the hypothesis of extreme faunal provincialism in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.9251v0.2/reviews/1",
    doi = "10.7287/peerj.9251v0.2/reviews/1",
    openalex = "W3034506854",
    references = "doi107287peerjpreprints2554v2"
}

@misc{doi107287peerj9251v02reviews2,
    author = "Mallon, JC",
    title = {Peer Review \#2 of "Transitional evolutionary forms in chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaurs: evidence from the Campanian of New Mexico (v0.2)"},
    year = "2020",
    abstract = "Three new chasmosaurines from the Kirtland Formation (\textasciitilde 75.0-73.4Ma), New Mexico, form morphological and stratigraphic intermediates between Pentaceratops (\textasciitilde 74.7-75Ma,Fruitland Formation, New Mexico) and Anchiceratops (\textasciitilde 72-71Ma, Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta).The new specimens exhibit gradual enclosure of the parietal embayment that characterizes Pentaceratops, providing support for the phylogenetic hypothesis that Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops are closely related.This stepwise change of morphologic characters observed in chasmosaurine taxa that do not overlap stratigraphically is supportive of evolution by anagenesis.Recently published hypotheses that place Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops into separate clades are not supported.This phylogenetic relationship demonstrates unrestricted movement of large-bodied taxa between hitherto purported northern and southern provinces in the late Campanian, weakening support for the hypothesis of extreme faunal provincialism in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.9251v0.2/reviews/2",
    doi = "10.7287/peerj.9251v0.2/reviews/2",
    openalex = "W3034339080",
    references = "doi107287peerjpreprints2554v2"
}

@misc{doi107287peerj9251v03reviews1,
    author = "Campbell, Jonathan A.",
    title = {Peer Review \#1 of "Transitional evolutionary forms in chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaurs: evidence from the Campanian of New Mexico (v0.3)"},
    year = "2020",
    abstract = "Three new chasmosaurines from the Kirtland Formation (\textasciitilde 75.0-73.4Ma), New Mexico, form morphological and stratigraphic intermediates between Pentaceratops (\textasciitilde 74.7-75Ma,Fruitland Formation, New Mexico) and Anchiceratops (\textasciitilde 72-71Ma, Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta).The new specimens exhibit gradual enclosure of the parietal embayment that characterizes Pentaceratops, providing support for the phylogenetic hypothesis that Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops are closely related.This stepwise change of morphologic characters observed in chasmosaurine taxa that do not overlap stratigraphically is supportive of evolution by anagenesis.Recently published hypotheses that place Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops into separate clades are not supported.This phylogenetic relationship demonstrates unrestricted movement of large-bodied taxa between hitherto purported northern and southern provinces in the late Campanian, weakening support for the hypothesis of extreme faunal provincialism in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.9251v0.3/reviews/1",
    doi = "10.7287/peerj.9251v0.3/reviews/1",
    openalex = "W3034260224",
    references = "doi107287peerjpreprints2554v2"
}

@article{doi101038s41598021978708,
    author = "Barker, Chris T. and Hone, David W. E. and Naish, Darren and Cau, Andrea and Lockwood, Jeremy A. F. and Foster, Brian and Clarkin, Claire and Schneider, Philipp and Gostling, Neil J.",
    title = "New spinosaurids from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous, UK) and the European origins of Spinosauridae",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Scientific Reports",
    abstract = "Spinosaurids are among the most distinctive and yet poorly-known of large-bodied theropod dinosaurs, a situation exacerbated by their mostly fragmentary fossil record and competing views regarding their palaeobiology. Here, we report two new Early Cretaceous spinosaurid specimens from the Wessex Formation (Barremian) of the Isle of Wight. Large-scale phylogenetic analyses using parsimony and Bayesian techniques recover the pair in a new clade within Baryonychinae that also includes the hypodigm of the African spinosaurid Suchomimus. Both specimens represent distinct and novel taxa, herein named Ceratosuchops inferodios gen. et sp. nov. and Riparovenator milnerae gen. et sp. nov. A palaeogeographic reconstruction suggests a European origin for Spinosauridae, with at least two dispersal events into Africa. These new finds provide welcome information on poorly sampled areas of spinosaurid anatomy, suggest that sympatry was present and potentially common in baryonychines and spinosaurids as a whole, and contribute to updated palaeobiogeographic reconstructions for the clade.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97870-8",
    doi = "10.1038/s41598-021-97870-8",
    openalex = "W3203271713",
    references = "doi101016jcretres201103005, doi101038s4159802066261w, doi101073pnas1613813113, doi1010800272463420201877151, doi101111brv12666, doi104202app20110144, doi107717peerj5976, doi107717peerj9192, sánchezhernández2007dinosaurs"
}

@article{doi101111pala12546,
    author = "Freimuth, William J. and Varricchio, David J. and Brannick, Alexandria L. and Weaver, Lucas N. and Wilson, Gregory P.",
    title = "Mammal‐bearing gastric pellets potentially attributable to Troodon formosus at the Cretaceous Egg Mountain locality, Two Medicine Formation, Montana, USA",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Palaeontology",
    abstract = "Abstract Fossil gastric pellets (regurgitalites) have distinct taphonomic characteristics that facilitate inferences of behavioural ecology in deep time, despite their rarity in the fossil record. Using the taphonomic patterns of both extant and fossil small mammals from more recent geologic deposits as a guide, we assess the taphonomy of three unusual multi‐individual aggregates of mammal skeletons from palaeosols at Egg Mountain, a dinosaur nesting locality from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation, Montana, USA. One aggregate consists of two individuals of the multituberculate Filikomys primaevus. This specimen is characterized by brecciated crania, articulated postcrania, and an absence of digestive markings, all suggestive of a non‐predatory origin. Two additional aggregates consist of 3 and 11 individuals, respectively, primarily of the marsupialiform Alphadon halleyi. High proportions of crania and indigestible elements (e.g. teeth), extensive disarticulation and breakage, digestive corrosion patterns, and the absence of a phosphatic ground mass are indicative of regurgitalites and align with features of extant prey in diurnal raptor gastric pellets. We interpret these specimens as the oldest known mammal‐bearing regurgitalites. The discrepancy in taphonomic features implies behavioural separation between the two mammalian taxa at the locality. Abundant shed teeth and nesting evidence at the locality favours the non‐avian theropod Troodon formosus as the predator responsible for the regurgitalites, congruent with previous inferences of a small‐bodied prey diet, manipulation of prey during feeding, heightened metabolic processes, and potential nocturnality for this taxon.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12546",
    doi = "10.1111/pala.12546",
    openalex = "W3183484889",
    references = "doi101016jcub201803042, doi101017pab201637, doi101139cjes20200169, doi102110palo2019099, doi103389feart201800252"
}

@article{doi101139cjes20200145,
    author = "Cullen, Thomas M. and Zanno, Lindsay E. and Larson, Derek W. and Todd, Erinn and Currie, Philip J. and Evans, David C.",
    title = "Anatomical, morphometric, and stratigraphic analyses of theropod biodiversity in the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Dinosaur Park Formation 1",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences",
    abstract = "The Dinosaur Park Formation (DPF) of Alberta, Canada, has produced one of the most diverse dinosaur faunas, with the record favouring large-bodied taxa, in terms of number and completeness of skeletons. Although small theropods are well documented in the assemblage, taxonomic assessments are frequently based on isolated, fragmentary skeletal elements. Here we reassess DPF theropod biodiversity using morphological comparisons, high-resolution biostratigraphy, and morphometric analyses, with a focus on specimens/taxa originally described from isolated material. In addition to clarifying taxic diversity, we test whether DPF theropods preserve faunal zonation/turnover patterns similar to those previously documented for megaherbivores. Frontal bones referred to a therizinosaur (cf. Erlikosaurus), representing among the only skeletal record of the group from the Campanian–Maastrichtian (83–66 Ma) fossil record of North America, plot most closely to troodontids in morphospace, distinct from non-DPF therizinosaurs, a placement supported by a suite of troodontid anatomical frontal characters. Postcranial material referred to cf. Erlikosaurus in North America is also reviewed and found most similar in morphology to caenagnathids, rather than therizinosaurs. Among troodontids, we document considerable morphospace and biostratigraphic overlap between Stenonychosaurus and the recently described Latenivenatrix, as well as a variable distribution of putatively autapomorphic characters, calling the validity of the latter taxon into question. Biostratigraphically, there are no broad-scale patterns of faunal zonation similar to those previously documented in ornithischians from the DPF, with many theropods ranging throughout much of the formation and overlapping extensively, possibly reflecting a lack of sensitivity to environmental changes, or other cryptic ecological or evolutionary factors.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2020-0145",
    doi = "10.1139/cjes-2020-0145",
    openalex = "W3183001791",
    references = "béland1979ectothermy, crossref1998encyclopedia, doi101002ar24241, doi1010079780387981413, doi10100797833192427749, doi101016jcub201803042, doi101016jpalaeo201206027, doi1011112041210x12035, doi101111j2041210x201100153x, doi101130g473991, doi101139cjes20170034, doi101139e09050, doi101139e72031, doi101139e93016, doi101186s1289801601068, doi1018435vamp29362, doi1023072669711, doi105860choice353642, doi105860choice435902, openalexw2561546966"
}

@article{doi101139cjes20200174,
    author = "Holtz, Thomas R.",
    title = "Theropod guild structure and the tyrannosaurid niche assimilation hypothesis: implications for predatory dinosaur macroecology and ontogeny in later Late Cretaceous Asiamerica 1",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences",
    abstract = "Well-sampled dinosaur communities from the Jurassic through the early Late Cretaceous show greater taxonomic diversity among larger (>50 kg) theropod taxa than communities of the Campano-Maastrichtian, particularly to those of eastern/central Asia and Laramidia. The large carnivore guilds in Asiamerican assemblages are monopolized by tyrannosaurids, with adult medium-sized (50–500 kg) predators rare or absent. In contrast, various clades of theropods are found to occupy these body sizes in earlier faunas, including early tyrannosauroids. Assemblages with “missing middle-sized” predators are not found to have correspondingly sparser diversity of potential prey species recorded in these same faunas. The “missing middle-sized” niches in the theropod guilds of Late Cretaceous Laramidia and Asia may have been assimilated by juvenile and subadults of tyrannosaurid species, functionally distinct from their adult ecomorphologies. It is speculated that if tyrannosaurids assimilated the niches previously occupied by mid-sized theropod predators, we would expect the evolution of distinct transitions in morphology and possibly the delay of the achievement of somatic maturity in species of this taxon.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2020-0174",
    doi = "10.1139/cjes-2020-0174",
    openalex = "W3168560974",
    references = "doi101016jcub201803042, doi101017pab201519, doi101017s0094837300011891, doi10103846266, doi101038nature02699, doi101038ncomms3827, doi101038s4155901908880, doi101038s41598019517095, doi101038srep20252, doi101073pnas1600140113, doi101093nsrnwu055, doi101098rspb20202258, doi101111brv12638, doi101111j1469185x201000137x, doi101111j15023931200900187x, doi101126sciadvaax6250, doi101126science1065522, doi101126science1161833, doi101126science28454232137, doi101139cjes20120185, doi101139cjes20170031, doi101139cjes20190019, doi101371journalpone0054329, doi101371journalpone0188426, doi1017161paleo180818764, doi1023071942327, doi1023072411924, doi1029920070860302, doi103897zookeys92847517, doi107717peerj9192, openalexw2183707334, openalexw2971401580"
}

@article{doi102110palo2021003,
    author = "Freimuth, William J. and Varricchio, David J. and Chin, Karen",
    title = "PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF INVERTEBRATE FECAL PELLETS (EDAPHICHNIUM ISP.) AT AN ICHNOFOSSIL-RICH DINOSAUR NESTING LOCALITY, UPPER CRETACEOUS TWO MEDICINE FORMATION, MONTANA, USA",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Palaios",
    abstract = "ABSTRACT The terrestrial feeding trace Edaphichnium lumbricatum is known from the Triassic to the Pleistocene and is characterized by tubular burrows with ellipsoidal fecal pellets, indicating substrate feeding by earthworms or other invertebrates. We describe 11 specimens attributable to Edaphichnium isp. from Egg Mountain, a terrestrial locality with a diverse fossil assemblage from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation in Montana, USA, and assess their paleoenvironmental and paleoecological implications. These ichnofossils were recovered from a 1.5 meter stratigraphic succession comprised of calcareous siltstones and limestones with abundant fossil insect pupal cases, representing well-drained paleosols. Although burrows are not always present, three recurring arrangements of Edaphichnium isp. fecal pellets are identified: linearly arranged pellets, horizon-confined pellets, and pellets in clusters dispersed vertically and horizontally throughout the matrix. Two color patterns (light and dark pellets) are also distinguished. Pellets are fine-grained and have a consistently ellipsoidal shape (length:diameter of 1.57), with maximum lengths ranging from 1.9–6.7 mm (mean 4.1 mm) and maximum diameters ranging from 1.0–4.1 mm (mean 2.6 mm). Geochemical analyses indicate pellets are comprised of varying proportions of calcite, plagioclase, and quartz, and are enriched in phosphorus relative to the sedimentary host matrix. Possible trace makers include chafer or other coleopteran larvae, millipedes, and earthworms, suggesting a range of capable trace makers of Edaphichnium-like fecal pellets. Edaphichnium isp. at specific stratigraphic horizons suggests increased organic content in the subsurface, potentially connected to depositional hiatuses. Edaphichnium isp. adds a secondary component to the Celliforma ichnofacies known from Egg Mountain and surrounding strata, and to the array of nesting, feeding, and dwelling traces of wasps, beetles, other invertebrates, mammals, and dinosaurs from the locality.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2021.003",
    doi = "10.2110/palo.2021.003",
    openalex = "W3202025037",
    references = "doi107287peerjpreprints2554"
}

@article{doi101002ar25024,
    author = "Farlow, James O. and Coroian, Dan I. and Currie, Philip J. and Foster, John R. and Mallon, Jordan C. and Therrien, François",
    title = "“Dragons” on the landscape: Modeling the abundance of large carnivorous dinosaurs of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation (USA) and the Upper Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation (Canada)",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "The Anatomical Record",
    abstract = {Counts of the number of skeletal specimens of "adult" megaherbivores and large theropods from the Morrison and Dinosaur Park formations-if not biased by taphonomic artifacts-suggest that the big meat-eaters were more abundant, relative to the number of big plant-eaters, than one would expect on the basis of the relative abundance of large carnivores and herbivores in modern mammalian faunas. Models of megaherbivore population density (number of individuals per square kilometer) that attempt to take into account ecosystem productivity, the size structure of megaherbivore populations, and individual megaherbivore energy requirements, when combined with values of the large theropod/megaherbivore abundance ratio, suggest that large theropods may have been more abundant on the landscape than estimates extrapolated from the population density versus body mass relationship of mammalian carnivores. Models of the meat production of megaherbivore populations and the meat requirements of "adult" large theropods suggest that herbivore productivity would have been insufficient to support the associated number of individuals of "adult" large theropods, unless the herbivore production/biomass ratio was substantially higher, and/or the large theropod meat requirement markedly lower, than expectations based on modern mammals. Alternatively, or in addition to one or both of these other factors, large theropods likely included dinosaurs other than megaherbivores as significant components of their diet.},
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25024",
    doi = "10.1002/ar.25024",
    openalex = "W4285035310",
    references = "doi101016jcub202111060, doi101139cjes20200174, pahl2021carnosaurs"
}

@article{doi101016jcretres2022105369,
    author = "Sues, Hans‐Dieter and Evans, David C. and Galton, Peter M. and Brown, Caleb M.",
    title = "Anatomy of the neornithischian dinosaur Parksosaurus warreni (Parks, 1926) from the Upper Cretaceous (lower Maastrichtian) Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta, Canada",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Cretaceous Research",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105369",
    doi = "10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105369",
    openalex = "W4296639386",
    references = "doi101139cjes20190019"
}

@article{doi101038s4159802219896w,
    author = "Ramezani, Jahandar and Beveridge, Tegan L and Rogers, Raymond R and Eberth, David A and Roberts, Eric M",
    title = "Calibrating the zenith of dinosaur diversity in the Campanian of the Western Interior Basin by CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology.",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Scientific reports",
    abstract = "The spectacular fossil fauna and flora preserved in the Upper Cretaceous terrestrial strata of North America's Western Interior Basin record an exceptional peak in the diversification of fossil vertebrates in the Campanian, which has been termed the 'zenith of dinosaur diversity'. The wide latitudinal distribution of rocks and fossils that represent this episode, spanning from northern Mexico to the northern slopes of Alaska, provides a unique opportunity to gain insights into dinosaur paleoecology and to address outstanding questions regarding faunal provinciality in connection to paleogeography and climate. Whereas reliable basin-wide correlations are fundamental to investigations of this sort, three decades of radioisotope geochronology of various vintages and limited compatibility has complicated correlation of distant fossil-bearing successions and given rise to contradictory paleobiogeographic and evolutionary hypotheses. Here we present new U-Pb geochronology by the CA-ID-TIMS method for 16 stratigraphically well constrained bentonite beds, ranging in age from 82.419 ± 0.074 Ma to 73.496 ± 0.039 Ma (2σ internal uncertainties), and the resulting Bayesian age models for six key fossil-bearing formations over a 1600 km latitudinal distance from northwest New Mexico, USA to southern Alberta, Canada. Our high-resolution chronostratigraphic framework for the upper Campanian of the Western Interior Basin reveals that despite their contrasting depositional settings and basin evolution histories, significant age overlap exists between the main fossil-bearing intervals of the Kaiparowits Formation (southern Utah), Judith River Formation (central Montana), Two Medicine Formation (western Montana) and Dinosaur Park Formation (southern Alberta). Pending more extensive paleontologic collecting that would allow more rigorous faunal analyses, our results support a first-order connection between paleoecologic and fossil diversities and help overcome the chronostratigraphic ambiguities that have impeded the testing of proposed models of latitudinal provinciality of dinosaur taxa during the Campanian.",
    url = "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512893/",
    doi = "10.1038/s41598-022-19896-w",
    pmcid = "PMC9512893",
    pmid = "36163377"
}

@article{doi1010800272463420222133610,
    author = "Augustin, Felix J. and Bastiaans, Dylan and Dumbravă, Mihai D. and Csiki‐Sava, Zoltán",
    title = "A new ornithopod dinosaur, Transylvanosaurus platycephalus gen. et sp. nov. (Dinosauria: Ornithischia), from the Upper Cretaceous of the Haţeg Basin, Romania",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology",
    abstract = "Rhabdodontid dinosaurs were a group of medium-sized iguanodontian ornithopods from the Late Cretaceous of Europe. The uppermost Cretaceous continental deposits from the Haţeg Basin of western Romania yielded a very rich assemblage of vertebrates including abundant rhabdodontid remains, which have been exclusively referred to the genus Zalmoxes thus far. Here we describe a new rhabdodontid dinosaur, Transylvanosaurus platycephalus gen. et sp. nov., from the uppermost Cretaceous of the Haţeg Basin. The holotype of the new taxon was discovered in early–late Maastrichtian strata near Pui in the eastern part of the basin and comprises the articulated basicranium and both frontals. Transylvanosaurus differs from all previously reported rhabdodontids in having particularly wide and crested frontals, elongated and straight paroccipital processes that make only a gentle lateral curve and project mostly posterolaterally, prominent and massive prootic processes that extend mainly anterolaterally and ventrally, wide and crest-like basal tubera that meet the long axis of the braincase at a very flat angle, widely splayed basipterygoid processes that extend mainly ventrolaterally and slightly anteriorly, as well as a well-developed notch on the lateral side of the basicranium that is continuous, straight, and inclined anteroventrally. Phylogenetic analyses employing two different datasets consistently recovered the new taxon within the Rhabdodontidae, at the base of the iguanodontian radiation. Based on the morphological comparisons presented herein, we propose a particularly close relationship between Transylvanosaurus and Rhabdodon from southern France, which in turn provides evidence for a more complex biogeographic history of the Rhabdodontidae than previously thought.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2022.2133610",
    doi = "10.1080/02724634.2022.2133610",
    openalex = "W4309859469",
    references = "doi101016jcretres201509003, doi101080027246342013746229, doi1010800891296320201793979, doi1010801477201920171371258, doi101111j10963642201000620x, doi107717peerj12362"
}

@article{doi1010801477201920222137441,
    author = "Riguetti, Facundo and Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda and Ponce, Denis and Salgado, Leonardo and Apesteguı́a, Sebastián and Rozadilla, Sebastián and Arbour, Victoria M.",
    title = "A new small-bodied ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of North Patagonia (Río Negro Province, Argentina)",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Journal of Systematic Palaeontology",
    abstract = "The most representative ankylosaurian remains from Argentina have been found in sediments of the Allen Formation (Campanian–Maastrichtian) in Salitral Moreno, Río Negro Province. Several authors have discussed the identity and history of these remains. In this study, we review all published material along with some new remains in order to summarize all the knowledge about these ankylosaurs. Previously published material includes a tooth, dorsal and anterior caudal vertebrae, a femur and several osteoderms. The new remains include synsacral and caudal elements, a partial femur and osteoderms. The anatomy of the tooth, the synsacrum, the mid-caudal vertebra, the femur and the osteoderms, and the histology of the post-cervical osteoderms, support a nodosaurid identification, as proposed in previous descriptions of the Salitral Moreno material. Patagopelta cristata gen. et sp. nov. is a new nodosaurid ankylosaur characterized by the presence of unique cervical half-ring and femoral anatomies, including high-crested lateral osteoderms in the half rings and a strongly developed muscular crest in the anterior surface of the femur. The ∼2 m body length estimated for Patagopelta is very small for an ankylosaur, comparable with the dwarf nodosaurid Struthiosaurus. We recovered Patagopelta within Nodosaurinae, related to nodosaurids from the ‘mid’-Cretaceous of North America, contrasting the previous topologies that related this material with Panoplosaurini (Late Cretaceous North American nodosaurids). These results support a palaeobiogeographical context in which the nodosaurids from Salitral Moreno, Argentina, are part of the allochthonous fauna that migrated into South America during the late Campanian as part of the First American Biotic Interchange.https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FBA24443-F365-49FD-A959-10D2848C2400",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2022.2137441",
    doi = "10.1080/14772019.2022.2137441",
    openalex = "W4313214134",
    references = "doi107717peerj12362"
}

@article{doi101126sciadvabq5201,
    author = "Ballell, Antonio and Benton, Michael J. and Rayfield, Emily J.",
    title = "Dental form and function in the early feeding diversification of dinosaurs",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Science Advances",
    abstract = "Dinosaurs evolved a remarkable diversity of dietary adaptations throughout the Mesozoic, but the origins of different feeding modes are uncertain, especially the multiple origins of herbivory. Feeding habits of early dinosaurs have mostly been inferred from qualitative comparisons of dental morphology with extant analogs. Here, we use biomechanical and morphometric methods to investigate the dental morphofunctional diversity of early dinosaurs in comparison with extant squamates and crocodylians and predict their diets using machine learning classification models. Early saurischians/theropods are consistently classified as carnivores. Sauropodomorphs underwent a dietary shift from faunivory to herbivory, experimenting with diverse diets during the Triassic and Early Jurassic, and early ornithischians were likely omnivores. Obligate herbivory was a late evolutionary innovation in both clades. Carnivory is the most plausible ancestral diet of dinosaurs, but omnivory is equally likely under certain phylogenetic scenarios. This early dietary diversity was fundamental in the rise of dinosaurs to ecological dominance.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq5201",
    doi = "10.1126/sciadv.abq5201",
    openalex = "W4313308030",
    references = "doi101371journalpone0224734, doi107717peerj12362"
}

@article{doi101130b362221,
    author = "Martin, Jeremy E. and Hassler, Auguste and Montagnac, Gilles and Therrien, François and Balter, Vincent",
    title = "The stability of dinosaur communities before the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary: A perspective from southern Alberta using calcium isotopes as a dietary proxy",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Geological Society of America Bulletin",
    abstract = "Abstract Reconstructing dinosaur trophic structure prior to the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary may provide information about ecosystem organization and evolution. Using calcium isotopes, we investigate preserved biogenic isotope compositions in a set of dinosaur teeth from three continental formations from Alberta, Canada, to assess latest Cretaceous food web structure. Tooth enamel δ44/42Ca values are presented for tyrannosaurids (n = 34) and potential large herbivorous prey (n = 42) in the upper Campanian Dinosaur Provincial Park Formation, upper-most Campanian–Maastrichtian Horseshoe Canyon Formation, and upper Maastrichtian–lower Paleocene Scollard Formation, spanning the last \textasciitilde 10 m.y. of the Cretaceous. The influence of diagenesis is assessed in a subset sample through major and trace elemental concentrations and ultraviolet (UV) Raman spectra, which provides a framework for interpreting calcium isotope values. In the Dinosaur Park Formation, hadrosaurid δ44/42Ca values are systematically heavier than ceratopsid values, a difference that is interpreted to reflect niche partitioning among megaherbivores. Tyrannosaurid δ44/42Ca values are scattered but on average, they are 44Ca-depleted relative to herbivorous dinosaurs in all three formations. As interpreted from the Dinosaur Park data set, tyrannosaurids may have preferentially fed on hadrosaurids. These analyses offer possibilities for testing whether trophic structure among non-avian dinosaur ecosystems changed several millions of years prior to the K–Pg boundary.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1130/b36222.1",
    doi = "10.1130/b36222.1",
    openalex = "W4211074789",
    references = "doi101130g473991, doi101139cjes20190019"
}

@article{doi101111pala12681,
    author = "Kubo, Tai and Kubo, Mugino O. and Sakamoto, Manabu and Winkler, Daniela and Shibata, Masateru and Zheng, Wenjie and Jin, Xingsheng and You, Hai‐Lu",
    title = "Dental microwear texture analysis reveals a likely dietary shift within Late Cretaceous ornithopod dinosaurs",
    year = "2023",
    journal = "Palaeontology",
    abstract = "Abstract Dinosaurs were the dominant megaherbivores during the Cretaceous when angiosperms, the flowering plants, emerged and diversified. How herbivorous dinosaurs responded to the increasing diversity of angiosperms is largely unknown due to the lack of methods that can reconstruct diet directly from body fossils. We applied dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA), an approach that quantifies microtopography of diet‐induced wear marks on tooth surfaces, to ornithopods, the dinosaur clade that includes taxa with the most sophisticated masticatory system. We found that Late Cretaceous ornithopods have significantly rougher dental microwear texture (DMT) compared to pre‐Late Cretaceous ornithopods, and DMT variation increased in hadrosaurids, a derived Late Cretaceous ornithopod clade. These changes indicate a likely temporal dietary shift towards more abrasive foodstuffs within ornithopods, probably due to the increased ingestion of phytoliths (amorphous silica bodies in plants). Phytoliths are a main source of rough DMT in modern herbivores, along with exogenous dust and grit, and were generally more concentrated in Late Cretaceous angiosperms than in other major plant groups. Our results show that DMTA of the occlusal enamel surface can be used to reconstruct the diets of herbivorous dinosaurs, with a resolution superior to conventional methods.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12681",
    doi = "10.1111/pala.12681",
    openalex = "W4389249235",
    references = "doi101130g473991, doi107717peerj12362"
}

@article{doi101126sciadvadg2456,
    author = "Alarcón-Muñoz, Jhonatan and Vargas, Alexander O. and Püschel, Hans P. and Soto‐Acuña, Sergio and Manríquez, Leslie M.E. and Leppe, Marcelo and Kaluza, Jonatan and Milla, Verónica and Gutstein, Carolina S. and Palma-Liberona, José and Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang and Frey, Eberhard and Pino, Juan Pablo and Bajor, Dániel and Núñez, Elaine and Ortíz, Héctor and Rubilar-Rogers, David and Cruzado‐Caballero, Penélope",
    title = "Relict duck-billed dinosaurs survived into the last age of the dinosaurs in subantarctic Chile",
    year = "2023",
    journal = "Science Advances",
    abstract = "In the dusk of the Mesozoic, advanced duck-billed dinosaurs (Hadrosauridae) were so successful that they likely outcompeted other herbivores, contributing to declines in dinosaur diversity. From Laurasia, hadrosaurids dispersed widely, colonizing Africa, South America, and, allegedly, Antarctica. Here, we present the first species of a duck-billed dinosaur from a subantarctic region, Gonkoken nanoi, of early Maastrichtian age in Magallanes, Chile. Unlike duckbills further north in Patagonia, Gonkoken descends from North American forms diverging shortly before the origin of Hadrosauridae. However, at the time, non-hadrosaurids in North America had become replaced by hadrosaurids. We propose that the ancestors of Gonkoken arrived earlier in South America and reached further south, into regions where hadrosaurids never arrived: All alleged subantarctic and Antarctic remains of hadrosaurids could belong to non-hadrosaurid duckbills like Gonkoken. Dinosaur faunas of the world underwent qualitatively different changes before the Cretaceous-Paleogene asteroid impact, which should be considered when discussing their possible vulnerability.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg2456",
    doi = "10.1126/sciadv.adg2456",
    openalex = "W4380989179",
    references = "doi101016jjsames2021103369, doi101038s41559021016515, doi101111cla12524, doi101371journalpone0045712, doi1016711110, doi104202app20110051, doi107717peerj11290, doi107717peerj12362, longrich2016a, tsogtbaatar2019a"
}

@article{doi101139cjes20230037,
    author = "Eberth, David A. and Evans, David C. and Ramezani, Jahandar and Kamo, Sandra L. and Brown, Caleb M. and Currie, Philip J. and Braman, Dennis R.",
    title = "Calibrating geologic strata, dinosaurs, and other fossils at Dinosaur Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada) using a new CA-ID-TIMS U–Pb geochronology",
    year = "2023",
    journal = "Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences",
    abstract = "The 100 m thick stratigraphic section exposed at Dinosaur Provincial Park (DPP; southern Alberta) contains bentonites that have been used for more than 30 years to date DPP’s rocks and fossils using the K–Ar decay scheme. Limited reproducibility among different vintages of K–Ar and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages inhibited the development of a high-resolution chronostratigraphy. Here, we employ and further test a recently completed U–Pb geochronology and associated age-stratigraphy model to update temporal constraints on the Park’s bentonites, formational contacts, and other markers. In turn, we document rock accumulation rates and calibrate ages and durations of informal megaherbivore dinosaur assemblage zones and other biozones. Weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U ages from five bentonites range from 76.718 ± 0.020 to 74.289 ± 0.014 Ma (2σ internal uncertainties) through an interval of 88.75 m, indicating a duration of ∼2.43 Myr and an overall rock accumulation rate of 3.65 ± 0.04 cm/ka. An increase in rate above the Oldman–Dinosaur Park formational contact conforms to a regionally expressed pattern of increased accommodation at ∼76.3 Ma across Alberta and Montana. Palynological biozone data suggest a condensed section/hiatus in the uppermost portion of the Oldman Formation. Dinosaur assemblage zones exhibit durations of ∼700–600 kyr and are significantly shorter than those in the overlying Horseshoe Canyon Formation. A decreased rate in dinosaur assemblage turnovers in the last eight million years of the Mesozoic in western Canada may be explained by withdrawal of the Western Interior Seaway and the expansion of ecologically homogenous lowlands in its wake.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2023-0037",
    doi = "10.1139/cjes-2023-0037",
    openalex = "W4383217081",
    references = "doi101006cres19941022, doi101016jcretres2019104308, doi101016jgca201006017, doi101016jgca201106021, doi101016jquascirev200807009, doi101038s4159802219896w, doi101046j13653091200000008x, doi101086684289, doi101126science1154339, doi101126science1215507, doi101139cjes20190019, doi101139cjes20200145, doi101139e09050, doi101186s1289801601068, doi101525california97805202420980010001, doi1018435vamp29362, doi102110palo2014084, doi105860choice393984, doi105860choice435902, openalexw1654781408, openalexw2561546966"
}

@article{doi1024425agp2022140433,
    author = "Yun, Chan‐gyu",
    title = "A tyrannosaurid pedal ungual from the Williams Fork Formation (Campanian) of Colorado and its implications for the biogeography of Laramidian dinosaurs",
    year = "2023",
    journal = "Acta Geologica Polonica",
    abstract = "A right theropod pedal ungual phalanx II-3 from the Campanian Williams Fork Formation of northwestern Colorado is described, and a combination of features, including the large size, tapering distal tip, robust and stout overall form, triangular cross-section, and a relatively flat ventral surface allows a confident referral to Tyrannosauridae Osborn, 1906. Although this specimen was found in a relatively southern state, the proximal articular surface of this ungual is similar to that of Gorgosaurus libratus Lambe, 1914, a taxon found in the northern state, Alberta. Although based on limited evidence, this may suggest that the range of tyrannosaurids considered endemic to the north of Laramidia extended farther south than previously thought.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.24425/agp.2022.140433",
    doi = "10.24425/agp.2022.140433",
    openalex = "W4384931310",
    references = "doi101002ar24199, doi101016jcretres2021105034, doi101016jjsames2020102610, doi101017s1755691013000261, doi101038nmeth2089, doi101038srep44942, doi101111j10963642200400130x, doi1012067701, doi101371journalpone0007999, doi101371journalpone0028964, doi101371journalpone0079420, doi1023073889334, doi105281zenodo3725717, doi105281zenodo814935, doi107287peerjpreprints2554v2"
}

@article{doi101093zoolinneanzlae054,
    author = "Pereira, Paulo V. L. G. C. and Bandeira, Kamila L. N. and Vidal, Luciano S. and Ribeiro, Theo Baptista and dos Anjos Candeiro, Carlos Roberto and Bergqvist, Lílian Paglarelli",
    title = "A new sauropod species from north-western Brazil: biomechanics and the radiation of Titanosauria (Sauropoda: Somphospondyli)",
    year = "2024",
    journal = "Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society",
    abstract = "Abstract Titanosaurs were the most diverse sauropod group during the Cretaceous period, with most of its diversity being found during the Late Cretaceous. In this work, Tiamat valdecii, gen. et sp. nov. is described, a new species of basal titanosaur prospected from the Açu Formation (Albian–Cenomanian), Potiguar Basin, Ceará state, north-east Brazil. The new taxon is composed by an associated sequence of anterior to middle caudal vertebrae, being diagnosed by four diagnostic features: a marked accessory tuberosity dorsoventrally developed, located on the prezygapophyses; deeply medioventral excavated articulation facets of prezygapophysis and post-zygapophyses articular facets; presence of developed hypantrum–hyposphene articulations; and short middle centra with a well-marked articular facet for the haemal arch. The phylogenetic analysis reveals that Tiamat valdecii was a basal member of Titanosauria. Tiamat is the first species of Early Cretaceous titanosaur known for the Açu Formation. Biomechanical analysis shows that the tuberosity and excavation of the zygapophyses of the middle caudal vertebrae of Tiamat provide greater stability against shear loads in the amphicoelous vertebrae presented; in addition, they allow greater range of lateral movements without affecting the integrity of the joints. These features may have been an evolutionary alternative for the stability of the middle of the caudal vertebral column. The discovery of T. valdecii in the Açu Formation not only increases the known dinosaur diversity for this unit, but also helps us elucidate part of the first titanosaur radiation.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae054",
    doi = "10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae054",
    openalex = "W4396857915",
    references = "doi101016jjafrearsci2019103738, doi101038s41598019517095, doi101038s41598022155356, doi101371journalpone0013120, doi101371journalpone0151661"
}

@article{doi101130ges026621,
    author = "Lehman, Thomas M. and Wick, Steven L. and Macon, Craig Charles and Wagner, Jonathan R. and Waggoner, Karen J. and Brink, Alyson A. and Shiller, Thomas A.",
    title = "Stratigraphy and depositional history of the Aguja Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian) of West Texas, southwestern USA",
    year = "2024",
    journal = "Geosphere",
    abstract = "Abstract Although the Aguja Formation (West Texas, southwestern USA) and its fossil vertebrate fauna have been known for over a century, its basic stratigraphic requisites (type area and type section) have not been formally documented. The formation is herein subdivided into a series of formal members, and a lectostratotype section is proposed. Lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic subdivisions are documented and integrated with geochronologic data to provide an age model for the formation. Four terrestrial vertebrate biozones are proposed. There are at least four major depositional intervals represented in the Aguja and intertonguing Pen Formations. An initial progradational deltaic succession is recorded by the La Basa Sandstone and lower part of the Abajo Shale Members of the Aguja Formation. A second phase of deposition resulted in a retrogradational shoreface succession that includes the upper part of the Abajo Shale, overlying Rattlesnake Mountain Sandstone Member, and lower part of the McKinney Springs Tongue of the Pen Formation, up to a skeletal phosphate bed interpreted to represent the maximum flooding surface. The third phase of deposition comprises a progradational deltaic succession that includes the upper part of the McKinney Springs Tongue, Terlingua Creek Sandstone Member of the Aguja Formation, and lower part of the Alto Shale Member of the Aguja Formation. This third succession records eastward migration of the strandline and withdrawal of the Western Interior Seaway from the Big Bend region. The fourth phase of deposition comprises a series of aggradational fluvial channel and floodplain successions that form the upper part of the Alto Shale Member and is coincident with redirection of stream flow to the southeast. This interval is much thicker in the central part of the Big Bend region, thins to the southwest and northeast, and likely records initial subsidence in the Laramide Tornillo Basin. The upper part of this succession was also contemporaneous with a series of basaltic pyroclastic eruptions, the westernmost expression of the Balcones igneous province. A dramatic constriction in the southern entrance to the Western Interior Seaway through the Gulf of Mexico occurred during this final phase in deposition of the Aguja Formation and corresponds to a shift of stream flow southeastward and to an outbreak of local pyroclastic eruptions. Regional uplift associated with this episode of magmatism is likely responsible for closing the southern aperture of the Western Interior Seaway.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02662.1",
    doi = "10.1130/ges02662.1",
    openalex = "W4392977467",
    references = "doi101017s1755691013000261, doi101038s4159802219896w, doi101139cjes20200071"
}

@article{doi101371journalpone0292318,
    author = "Eberth, David A",
    title = "Stratigraphic architecture of the Belly River Group (Campanian, Cretaceous) in the plains of southern Alberta: Revisions and updates to an existing model and implications for correlating dinosaur-rich strata.",
    year = "2024",
    journal = "PloS one",
    abstract = "The Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Belly River Group (BRG) of southern Alberta has a complex internal stratigraphic architecture derived from differential geometries of its component formations that resulted from regionalized tectonic influences and shifting source areas. A full understanding of BRG architecture has been compromised heretofore by a limited understanding of subsurface data in southwestern- and southeastern-most Alberta. In this study outcrop exposures throughout southern Alberta are tied to reference well logs and subsurface cross-sections allowing a more precise understanding of BRG architecture and how it relates to well-known vertebrate fossil producing areas. Modifications to an existing stratigraphic model of the BRG show that the Oldman and the Dinosaur Park formations have reciprocal north-to-south wedge-shaped geometries and a diachronous contact that become prominently expressed south of Twp 12. The updated model also demonstrates that the Oldman Formation thickens stratigraphically up-section to the south, and that the Foremost-Oldman contact is, essentially, a datum across much of southern Alberta. Identification of the Oldman Formation in the subsurface remains based on its relatively high gamma-ray response in mudstone successions, but it is also recognized that many of its sandstones exhibit relatively low gamma-ray responses like those in underlying and overlying formations. Nomenclature and subdivisions of the Oldman Formation are revised to accommodate this updated understanding, and modifications are also made to the definition of the Judith River-Belly River discontinuity, a newly recognized surface that marks the onset of accommodation and eustatic rise in sea-level in the northern Western Interior Basin at \textasciitilde 76.3 Ma.",
    url = "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10810474/",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0292318",
    openalex = "W4391215830",
    pmcid = "PMC10810474",
    pmid = "38271406",
    references = "doi101006cres19941022, doi101016jpalaeo201512015, doi101038s4159802219896w, doi101086684289, doi101139cjes20230037, doi101139e05029, doi101139e93016, doi102110palo2014084, doi1035767gscpgbull444654, doi1035767gscpgbull452155"
}

@article{doi103390d16090531,
    author = "Longrich, Nicholas R. and Ramírez-Velasco, Ángel Alejandro and Kirkland, Jim and Torres, Andrés and Serrano-Brañas, Claudia Inés",
    title = "Coahuilasaurus lipani, a New Kritosaurin Hadrosaurid from the Upper Campanian Cerro Del Pueblo Formation, Northern Mexico",
    year = "2024",
    journal = "Diversity",
    abstract = "The Late Cretaceous of Western North America (Laramidia) supported a diverse dinosaur fauna, with duckbilled dinosaurs (Hadrosauridae) being among the most speciose and abundant members of this assemblage. Historically, collecting and preservational biases have meant that dinosaurs from Mexico and the American Southwest are poorly known compared to those of the northern Great Plains. However, evidence increasingly suggests that distinct species and clades inhabited southern Laramidia. Here, a new kritosaurin hadrosaurid, represented by the anterior part of a skull, is reported from the late Campanian of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation, \textasciitilde 72.5 Ma, in Coahuila, Mexico. The Cerro del Pueblo Formation kritosaur was originally considered to represent the same species as a saurolophine from the Olmos Formation of Sabinas, but the Sabinas hadrosaur is now considered a distinct taxon. More recently, the Cerro del Pueblo Formation kritosaur has been referred to Kritosaurus navajovius. We show it represents a new species related to Gryposaurus. The new species is distinguished by its large size, the shape of the premaxillary nasal process, the strongly downturned dentary, and massive denticles on the premaxilla’s palatal surface, supporting recognition of a new taxon, Coahuilasaurus lipani. The dinosaur assemblage of the Cerro del Pueblo Formation shows higher diversity than the contemporaneous fauna of the Horseshoe Canyon Formation in Alberta. Furthermore, Kritosaurini, Lambeosaurini, and Parasaurolophini all persist into the latest Campanian in southern Laramidia after disappearing from northern Laramidia. These patterns suggest declining herbivore diversity seen at high latitudes may be a local, rather than global phenomenon, perhaps driven by cooling at high latitudes in the Late Campanian and Maastrichtian.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.3390/d16090531",
    doi = "10.3390/d16090531",
    openalex = "W4402127568",
    references = "doi101016jjsames2020102610, doi107287peerjpreprints2554"
}