@misc{brinkmann1929statistischbiostratigraphische2,
    author = "Brinkmann, R",
    title = "Statistischbiostratigraphische Untersuchungen an mitteljurassischen Ammoniten ber Artbegriff und Stammesenentwicklung",
    year = "1929",
    howpublished = "Gesell. Wiss. Gttingen, Abh., v. 13, no. 3, p. 1-249; math.-phys. Kl, n.ser",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Brinkmann, R., 1929, Statistischbiostratigraphische Untersuchungen an mitteljurassischen Ammoniten ber Artbegriff und Stammesenentwicklung: Gesell. Wiss. Gttingen, Abh., v. 13, no. 3, p. 1-249; math.-phys. Kl, n.ser.}"
}

@misc{kauffman1935exaktstatistische6,
    author = "Kauffman, R",
    title = "Exakt-statistische Biostratigraphie der Olenus - Arten von Sudland",
    year = "1935",
    howpublished = "Geol. Foren. Stockholm Frhandl., v. 1935, p. 19-28",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Kauffman, R., 1935, Exakt-statistische Biostratigraphie der Olenus - Arten von Sudland: Geol. Foren. Stockholm Frhandl., v. 1935, p. 19-28.}"
}

@misc{brinkmann1937biostratigraphie3,
    author = "Brinkmann, R",
    title = "Biostratigraphie des Leymeriellenstammes nebst Bemerkungen zur Palogeographie des Nord-westdeutschen Alb",
    year = "1937",
    howpublished = "Geol. Staatsinst. Hamburg, Mitt., v. 16, p. 1-18",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Brinkmann, R., 1937, Biostratigraphie des Leymeriellenstammes nebst Bemerkungen zur Palogeographie des Nord-westdeutschen Alb: Geol. Staatsinst. Hamburg, Mitt., v. 16, p. 1-18.}"
}

@article{doi10108000167616608728629,
    author = "Trendall, A. F.",
    title = "Towards rationalism in Precambrian stratigraphy",
    year = "1966",
    journal = "Journal of the Geological Society of Australia",
    abstract = "Abstract There is no generally accepted time or time‐rock Precambrian stratigraphy, as there is for the Phanerozoic. Many authors suggest that a time‐rock nomenclature based on similar principles should be used. But no explicit general principles for the erection of major time or time‐rock stratigraphic divisions exist, or have even been used, while the confusion caused by the evolutionary and unsystematic growth of the Phanerozoic systems is admitted. Consequently, geologists dealing with the Precambrian may feel free to choose whatever methods of time subdivision and nomenclature seem most effective, unprejudiced by Phanerozoic precedent. The familiar ones used by historians seem to be more useful for Precambrian rocks and time, if megacenturies (of 108 years, or 106 centuries) are used instead of centuries, than those used in Phanerozoic stratigraphy. The conclusions that: (1) stratigraphic rock units, plus isotopic age determinations to inter‐relate major sequences and events within a numerical time‐scale of years, are together adequate for handling Precambrian stratigraphic problems, and conversely (2) traditional time and time‐rock stratigraphy is superfluous, represent the main thesis of this paper. Although there is no rock unit of system rank the local restriction of systems would overcome this deficiency; the Adelaide System is an example. Three common fallacies are: (1) rocks are the primary standard of reference for time, (2) geological maps cannot be published without time‐rock stratigraphy, and (3) the same type of nomenclature must be used for both Phanerozoic and Precambrian. International cooperation in the adoption of standard rocks for isotopic dating is advisable to promote accurate correlations in the Precambrian.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/00167616608728629",
    doi = "10.1080/00167616608728629",
    openalex = "W2029533471",
    references = "doi101038198731b0, doi10108000167616408728568, doi10108000167616508728586, doi10108000167616608728609, doi10113000167606196172419tsp20co2, doi102475ajs25811, doi1031389781487595838004, openalexw635071431"
}

@article{doi102475ajs26711,
    author = "Raaben, M. E.",
    title = "Columnar stromatolites and late Precambrian stratigraphy",
    year = "1969",
    journal = "American Journal of Science",
    abstract = "Algal structures, four supergroups (Conophytonida, Kussiellida, Tungussida, Gymnosolenida), criteria for stratigraphy-correlation, USSR",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.267.1.1",
    doi = "10.2475/ajs.267.1.1",
    openalex = "W2331265194"
}

@article{doi102475ajs26791017,
    author = "Cloud, Preston E. and Семихатов, М. А.",
    title = "Proterozoic stromatolite zonation",
    year = "1969",
    journal = "American Journal of Science",
    abstract = "The zonation of the Proterozoic of the USSR is reviewed and extension to other places is attempted. Preliminary results are: some of the columnar stromatolites of northern Eurasia occur in other continents and in the same stratigraphic ranges; some of the forms (9species9) of the distinctive columnar types have intercontinental distribution, such as Gruneria biwabikia from Australia and North America. Pre-upper Proterozoic (pre-Riphean) strata also contain distinctive stromatolites of intercontinental distribution not known in younger strata, such as the new groups (9genera9) Gruneria and Katerina. The above, together with progress in microbiota studies offers hope that at least a gross worldwide biological subdivision of Proterozoic will be practicable. The Belt Series seem to represent only one of the Soviet stromatolite zones.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.267.9.1017",
    doi = "10.2475/ajs.267.9.1017",
    openalex = "W2324086590"
}

@inproceedings{kauffman1970population5,
    author = "Kauffman, E. G",
    title = "Population systematics, radiometrics and zonation - a new biostratigraphy",
    year = "1970",
    booktitle = "North American Paleontological Convention, Proceedings, p. 612-666; Part F",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Kauffman, E. G., 1970, Population systematics, radiometrics and zonation - a new biostratigraphy: North American Paleontological Convention, Proceedings, p. 612-666; Part F.}"
}

@phdthesis{openalexw2951920816,
    author = "Preiss, W.V.",
    title = "The biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of South Australian Precambrian stromatolites",
    year = "1971",
    booktitle = "Adelaide Research \& Scholarship (AR\&S) (University of Adelaide)",
    abstract = "Precambrian stromatolites in South Australia are almost entirely restricted to the folded rock sequence of the Adelaide Geosyncline, a large, deeply subsiding basin with predominantly shallow - water sediments. The history of research into the age and fossils of the Precambrian rocks is reviewed, and a possible time - framework is suggested on the basis of available radiometric data. \nStromatolites, laminated structures formed by trapping of detritus and precipitation of chemical sediment by algae and bacteria, have been studied by other workers from at least two points of views: most Western authors regard stromatolite morphology to be purely environmentally determined, while one Russian school maintains that it is largely controlled by the algae present, and that stromatolites evolve as a consequence of the evolution of the algae forming them. They concluded this from an empirical study of widespread stromatolites of different ages, which made possible the biostratigraphic subdivision and correlation of many Late Precambrian sections. \nThe Russian methods of study and taxonomy have now been applied to South Australian stromatolites for the first time. Of the eighteen forms of columnar stromatolites described, five are identical or nearly identical to Russian forms. Nine forms are new, but sufficiently similar to Russia forms to allow inclusion in the same groups as these. Groups and forms must be defined on the basis of numerous characters, which may be given different relative weighting for different taxa. The taxa so defined have restricted ranges in geological time. \nStromatolite correlation with the Russian sequence suggests that the Early Adelaidean (i.e. pre - tillite) beds are middle Riphean; the Skillogalee Dolomite is youngest middle Riphean, i.e. older than the Late Riphean Bitter Springs Formation of Central Australia. The Late Adelaidean Umberatana Group assemblage, correlated with the youngest Late Riphean, has seven groups in common with the Bitter Springs Formation, but unlike the latter, it overlies the lower tillite. A comparison with available radiometric data shouts good agreement for the Umberatana Group, but some conflict with one recent age determination exists for the Early Adelaidean. \nA study of the environments of growth of South Australian stromatolites shows that at least three forms, of widespread distribution, grew under a variety of conditions of energy, oxidation, type of sediment influx, and possibly salinity. The taxa defined are stable under these varying conditions, but there are minor modifications due to differences in environmental energy. Skillogalee Dolomite stromatolites grew under varying energy conditions on a very extensive and level carbonate depositing platform, frequently under hypersaline conditions. Umberatana Group stromatolites inhabited a marine environment, either in marginal littoral zones in the south - western and north - eastern Flinders Ranges, or on off - shore carbonate banks interpreted to be related to rising diapirs. In both cases, stromatolites formed during episodes of shallowing water depth.",
    openalex = "W2951920816"
}

@article{doi1010160033589473900525,
    author = "Shackleton, Nicholas J and Opdyke, Neil D.",
    title = "Oxygen Isotope and Palaeomagnetic Stratigraphy of Equatorial Pacific Core V28-238: Oxygen Isotope Temperatures and Ice Volumes on a 10 5 Year and 10 6 Year Scale",
    year = "1973",
    journal = "Quaternary Research",
    abstract = "Abstract Core Vema 28-238 preserves an excellent oxygen isotope and magnetic stratigraphy and is shown to contain undisturbed sediments deposited continuously through the past 870,000 yr. Detailed correlation with sequences described by Emiliani in the Caribbean and Atlantic Ocean is demonstrated. The boundaries of 22 stages representing alternating times of high and low Northern Hemisphere ice volume are recognized and dated. The record is interpreted in terms of Northern Hemisphere ice accumulation, and is used to estimate the range of temperature variation in the Caribbean.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(73)90052-5",
    doi = "10.1016/0033-5894(73)90052-5",
    openalex = "W1966265779",
    references = "doi101029rg008i001p00169, doi101038215015a0, doi101038235429a0, doi101039jr9470000562, doi101086200619, doi101086626295, doi101086627150, doi101098rspb19690085, doi101126science1593812297, doi101126science1673919862, doi10113000167606195162417cits20co2, doi101130001676061953641315rcits20co2, doi102475ajs2523149, openalexw2020861622"
}

@misc{hoffman1977on4,
    author = "Hoffman, H. J",
    title = "On Aphebian stromatolites and Riphean stromatolite stratigraphy",
    year = "1977",
    howpublished = "Precambrian Research, v. 5, p. 175-205",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Hoffman, H. J., 1977, On Aphebian stromatolites and Riphean stromatolite stratigraphy: Precambrian Research, v. 5, p. 175-205.}"
}

@article{hofmann1977on,
    author = "Hofmann, H.J.",
    title = "On Aphebian stromatolites and Riphean stromatolite stratigraphy",
    year = "1977",
    journal = "Precambrian Research",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(77)90027-4",
    doi = "10.1016/0301-9268(77)90027-4",
    number = "2",
    pages = "175-205",
    volume = "5"
}

@article{doi101139e79088,
    author = "Семихатов, М. А. and Gebelein, Conrad D. and Cloud, Preston E. and Awramik, Stanley M. and Benmore, W. C.",
    title = "Stromatolite morphogenesis—progress and problems",
    year = "1979",
    journal = "Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences",
    abstract = "Stromatolites are laminated, lithified, sedimentary growth structures that accrete away from a point or limited surface of attachment. They are commonly, but not necessarily, of microbial origin and calcareous composition. Although familiar to geologists, they remain enigmatic as to origin and uncertain as to their full potential for historical geology.We summarize here the results of collective inquiry and discussion concerning central problems of stromatolite morphogenesis. We focus on relations between microstructure, laminar details, and gross morphology of ancient, probably biogenic, stromatolites and on the microbial composition and laminar characteristics of analogous modern microbial mats and sedimentary structures produced by them.The basic microstructure-determining unit of the modern stromatolite analog of biogenic origin is the mat-building community of organisms and particularly its dominant species, operating within a particular ecological setting. Biological factors dominate at the laminar and sublaminar level. Gross morphology probably reflects a balance between ecological processes and microbial activity.Nomenclatural clarity and stratigraphic utility turn on a proper understanding of morphogenesis. Although stromatolites will continue to function as stratigraphic and paleoecologic indicators, the reasons behind and limits to their applicability will remain obscure while morphogenetic processes remain uncertain. Finally, we outline some problems whose resolution could reduce that uncertainty.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1139/e79-088",
    doi = "10.1139/e79-088",
    openalex = "W2024180210"
}

@article{bertrandsarfati1981stromatolite,
    author = "Bertrand-Sarfati, J. and Walter, M.R.",
    title = "Stromatolite biostratigraphy",
    year = "1981",
    journal = "Precambrian Research",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(81)90057-7",
    doi = "10.1016/0301-9268(81)90057-7",
    number = "3-4",
    openalex = "W4211045691",
    pages = "353-371",
    volume = "15",
    references = "doi1010160301926876900164, doi1010160301926877900262, doi10108003115517908527799, doi101130001676061974851869gsaavt20co2, doi101139e79088, doi1023072412606, doi102475ajs26791017, doi102475ajss448287339, doi1054991jop19721485, openalexw2971318137"
}

@misc{bertrandsarfati1981stromatolite1,
    author = "Bertrand-Sarfati, J. and Walter, M. R",
    title = "Stromatolite biostratigraphy",
    year = "1981",
    howpublished = "Precambrian Research, v. 15, p. 353-371",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Bertrand-Sarfati, J., and Walter, M. R., 1981, Stromatolite biostratigraphy: Precambrian Research, v. 15, p. 353-371.}"
}

@article{doi10108003115518108566999,
    author = "Buick, Roger and Dunlop, J. S. R. and Groves, David I.",
    title = "Stromatolite recognition in ancient rocks: an appraisal of irregularly laminated structures in an Early Archaean chert-barite unit from North Pole, Western Australia",
    year = "1981",
    journal = "Alcheringa An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology",
    abstract = "The word ‘stromatolite’ should only be applied to organosedimentary structures predominantly accreted by sediment trapping, binding and/or in situ precipitation as a result of the growth and metabolic activities of benthic, principally prokaryotic, micro-organisms. Structures of uncertain origin that resemble stromatolites should be called ‘stromatoloids’. This cautious approach would eliminate the currently common assumption that structures with mesoscopic morphological similarities to microbially accreted sedimentary structures must be biogenic, a misconception that hampers investigations into the antiquity of life. A hierarchical series of meso- and microstructural attributes of stromatolites can be used to assign gradually increasing probabilities of biogenicity to stromatoloids. This method is particularly useful for interpreting ancient noncolumnar stromatoloids with poor microstructural preservation. In a range of Early Archaean pseudocolumnar, nodular and stratiform stromatoloids from North Pole studied using this method, none could be proved to be stromatolites and only a few are probable or possible stromatolites. As these stromatoloids closely resemble previously reported structures from North Pole interpreted as stromatolites, we consider that the evidence for the existence of life c. 3500 my ago at North Pole is less definitive than previously supposed.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/03115518108566999",
    doi = "10.1080/03115518108566999",
    openalex = "W1968684038",
    references = "doi101111j136530911977tb00135x"
}

@misc{khomentovsky1981late7,
    author = "Khomentovsky, V. V. and Shenfil', V. and Yakshin, M. S. and Pyatiletov, V. V",
    title = "Late Precambrian stratigraphy of the Siberian Platform [in Russian], in The Organic World and Biostratigraphy of the Late Precambrian and Paleozoic of Siberia and adjacent regions",
    year = "1981",
    howpublished = "Novosibirsk, Nauk, p. 6-26",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Khomentovsky, V. V., Shenfil', V., Yakshin, M. S., and Pyatiletov, V. V., 1981, Late Precambrian stratigraphy of the Siberian Platform [in Russian], in The Organic World and Biostratigraphy of the Late Precambrian and Paleozoic of Siberia and adjacent regions: Novosibirsk, Nauk, p. 6-26.}"
}

@article{doi101029gl009i010p01125,
    author = "Vanyo, James P. and Awramik, Stanley M.",
    title = "Length of day and obliquity of the ecliptic 850 MA ago: Preliminary results of a stromatolite growth model",
    year = "1982",
    journal = "Geophysical Research Letters",
    abstract = "A sinusoidal growth pattern in a columnar stromatolite from the approximately 850 million year‐old Bitter Springs Formation suggests a method for deducing length of day and other geophysical parameters. Phototropic microorganisms following the seasonal inclination of the Sun are proposed as responsible for the estimated 410 or more laminae (daily) per sine wave (annual). A preliminary paleomagnetic analysis yields results consistent with the proposed model.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1029/gl009i010p01125",
    doi = "10.1029/gl009i010p01125",
    openalex = "W2017602573",
    references = "doi10108003115517908527799"
}

@article{grey1982aspects,
    author = "Grey, Kathleen",
    title = "Aspects of Proterozoic stromatolite biostratigraphy in Western Australia",
    year = "1982",
    journal = "Precambrian Research",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(82)90008-0",
    doi = "10.1016/0301-9268(82)90008-0",
    number = "4",
    openalex = "W2026435559",
    pages = "347-365",
    volume = "18",
    references = "doi1010160301926878900384, doi1010160301926880900042, doi1010160301926881900541, doi101016s0070457108711567, doi10108003115517908527799, doi101126science1744011825, doi102475ajs26791017, openalexw109813744, openalexw2601700276, openalexw572315528"
}

@misc{ludvigsen1986trilobite8,
    author = "Ludvigsen, R",
    title = "Trilobite biostratigraphic models and the paleoenvironment of the Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian), Yoho National Park, British Columbia",
    year = "1986",
    howpublished = "Canadian Paleontology and Biostratigraphy Seminars",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Ludvigsen, R., 1986, Trilobite biostratigraphic models and the paleoenvironment of the Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian), Yoho National Park, British Columbia: Canadian Paleontology and Biostratigraphy Seminars.}"
}

@incollection{doi10182618200374742199101,
    author = "Moczydłowska, Małgorzata",
    title = "Acritarch biostratigraphy of the Lower Cambrian and the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary in southeastern Poland",
    year = "1991",
    booktitle = "Fossils and strata",
    abstract = "Acritarchs in the sedimentologically continuous, shallow-marine, Upper Vendian - Lower Cambrian subsurface sequence of the Lublin Slope, East European Platform (EEP), Poland are abundant and well-preserved. Forty-five form-species were recovered, and their taxonomic status is revised. Three new form-genera are erected. Asteridium n.gen. and Heliosphaeridium n. gen. include species with solid and hollow processes, respectively, previously referred to Micrhystridium Deflandre. Globosphaeridium n.gen. includes acritarchs with solid processes formerly attributed to Baltisphaeridium Eisenack. The genus Skiagia is emended. Microfossil preservation yields information on the thermal history of the Lublin basin. The acritarch succession in the Lublin Slope forms the basis for a new Lower Cambrian zonation, in ascending order the Asteridium tornaturn - Comasphaeridium velvetum, Skiagia ornata - Fimbriaglomerella membranacea, Heliosphaeridium dissimilare - Skiagia ciliosa, and Volkovia dentifera - Liepaina plana Assemblage-zones. A significant radiation at the upper part of the Włodawa Formation and within the Mazowsze Formation involves taxa of the Asteridiumtornatum - Comasphaeridium velvetum assemblage taken to mark the Pre cambrian-Cambrian boundary. The Kaplonosy IG-1 drillcore is proposed as reference section for the boundary. The Upper Vendian - Lower Cambrian biostratigraphy in Poland is revised. The Sabellidites-Vendotaenia Interval-zone is proposed, the range of the Platysolenites antiquissimus Zone is revised, and the Holmia kjerulfi Assemblage-zone is recognized. The Protolenus zone remains as an informal zone. Parts of the investigated sequence are correlated with the Schmidtiellus mickwitzi Zone elsewhere. The early Cambrian Mobergella Zone and the Klimontovian Stage are rejected. The Precambrian-Cambrian boundary is discussed in light of acritarch evidence from sequences in the East European, Baltoscandian, Siberian, South China and Avalon Platforms. The acritarch zone contemporaneous with the earliest trilobite zone in the Baltoscandian Platform and the EEP embraces part of the Tommotian and Meishucunian strata in Siberia and China. Units underlying the Tommotian in Siberia may be Cambrian. Lower Cambrian rocks of the EEP, the Baltoscandian Platform, and the Scandinavian Caledonides, are correlated on the basis of acritarchs.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.18261/8200374742-1991-01",
    doi = "10.18261/8200374742-1991-01",
    openalex = "W4385659530",
    references = "doi1010079783642964466, doi1010160012825272901316, doi1010160012825273900925, doi1010160016703784900899, doi1010160301926887900015, doi1010160301926887900441, doi1010160377839888900023, doi101017s0022336000036465, doi101017s0263593300010051, doi101038321832a0, doi101038333313a0, doi101038scientificamerican0779122, doi101073pnas492158, doi10108011035898209455245, doi101130001676061972831299peboto20co2, doi101139e83050, doi10182618200093301197301, doi1018814epiiugs1985v8i2003, doi1023071484559, doi1023071485622, doi1034194bullgguv1346676, nelson1978late, openalexw2026796374, openalexw2603635224, openalexw2753647789, openalexw353142951, schidlowski1988a, tappan1970geobiologic, vidal1985earths"
}

@article{scott1995does,
    author = "Scott, R. W.",
    title = "Does Sequence Stratigraphy Need Biostratigraphy?: ABSTRACT",
    year = "1995",
    journal = "AAPG Bulletin",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1306/7834d6c0-1721-11d7-8645000102c1865d",
    doi = "10.1306/7834d6c0-1721-11d7-8645000102c1865d",
    openalex = "W2094057678",
    volume = "79"
}

@article{doi101111j150239311999tb00550x,
    author = "Riding, Robert",
    title = "The term stromatolite: towards an essential definition",
    year = "1999",
    journal = "Lethaia",
    abstract = "Kalkowsky regarded stromatolites as laminated and microbial. Recognition of unlaminated microbial deposits, and also of biogenicity problems, subsequently resulted in broader definitions of the term stromatolite: (i) microbial but not necessarily laminated, and (ii) laminated but not necessarily organic. The first of these definitions does not discriminate between microbial deposits with markedly differing macrofabrics (such as thrombolite, dendrolite, etc.). The second purposely disregards origins and would apply the term stromatolite to both inorganic and organic deposits. Subsequent recognition of cognate terms (thrombolite, dendrolite, leiolite), and the umbrella term microbialite, has not resolved the question of stromatolite definition. Consequently, at least three long-standing definitions of stromatolite are available. These respectively emphasize the following features: (i) laminated and microbial, (ii) just microbial, (iii) just laminated. It is proposed to stabilize usage by adopting Kalkowsky's key points of laminated and microbial, supplemented by the adjective benthic, as expressed in the definition: ‘a stromatolite is a laminated benthic microbial deposit’. This definition excludes non-laminated microbial deposits (e.g. thrombolites) that may have had a different accretion history, and also abiogenic laminites. Doubt concerning biogenicity can be expressed by the descriptors ‘probable’ and ‘possible’ stromatolite. The alternative to stipulating a microbial origin for stromatolites would defer, but not ultimately avoid, the key question of their origin.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1999.tb00550.x",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1502-3931.1999.tb00550.x",
    openalex = "W2163014371",
    references = "doi10100797836426651652, doi101130gsab481873, doi104095106437, openalexw2995542858, openalexw633053001"
}

@article{doi101016s0301926899000777,
    author = "Hill, Andrew C.",
    title = "Mid-Neoproterozoic biostratigraphy and isotope stratigraphy in Australia",
    year = "2000",
    journal = "Precambrian Research",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9268(99)00077-7",
    doi = "10.1016/s0301-9268(99)00077-7",
    openalex = "W2030945659",
    references = "doi1010160012821x94900779, doi1010160301926891900429, doi1010160301926894000708, doi1010160301926894000775, doi101016s0301926897000727, doi101016s0301926899000686, doi10108003115517908527799, doi101111j150239311994tb01558x, doi101126science28153811342, grey1982aspects, openalexw2326083785, openalexw2622880403"
}

@article{doi1016660094837320000260334cmitsr20co2,
    author = "Grotzinger, J. P. and Watters, W. A. and Knoll, Andrew H.",
    title = "Calcified metazoans in thrombolite-stromatolite reefs of the terminal Proterozoic Nama Group, Namibia",
    year = "2000",
    journal = "Paleobiology",
    abstract = "Reefs containing abundant calcified metazoans occur at several stratigraphic levels within carbonate platforms of the terminal Proterozoic Nama Group, central and southern Namibia. The reef-bearing strata span an interval ranging from approximately 550 Ma to 543 Ma. The reefs are composed of thrombolites (clotted internal texture) and stromatolites (laminated internal texture) that form laterally continuous biostromes, isolated patch reefs, and isolated pinnacle reefs ranging in scale from a meter to several kilometers in width. Stromatolite-dominated reefs occur in depositionally updip positions within carbonate ramps, whereas thrombolite-dominated reefs occur broadly across the ramp profile and are well developed as pinnacle reefs in downdip positions. The three-dimensional morphology of reef-associated fossils was reconstructed by computer, based on digitized images of sections taken at 25-micron intervals through 15 fossil specimens and additionally supported by observations of over 90 sets of serial sections. Most variation observed in outcrop can be accounted for by a single species of cm-scale, lightly calcified goblet-shaped fossils herein described as Namacalathus hermanastes gen. et sp. nov. These fossils are characterized by a hollow stem open at both ends attached to a broadly spheroidal cup marked by a circular opening with a downturned lip and six (or seven) side holes interpreted as diagenetic features of underlying biological structure. The goblets lived atop the rough topography created by ecologically complex microbial-algal carpets; they appear to have been sessile benthos attached either to the biohermal substrate or to soft-bodied macrobenthos such as seaweeds that grew on the reef surface. The phylogenetic affinities of Namacalathus are uncertain, although preserved morphology is consistent with a cnidarian-like bodyplan. In general aspect, these fossils resemble some of the unmineralized, radially symmetric taxa found in contemporaneous sandstones and shales, but do not appear to be closely related to the well-skeletonized bilaterian animals that radiated in younger oceans. Nama reefs demonstrate that biohermal associations of invertebrates and thrombolite-forming microorganisms antedate the Cambrian Period.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2000)026<0334:cmitsr>2.0.co;2",
    doi = "10.1666/0094-8373(2000)026<0334:cmitsr>2.0.co;2",
    openalex = "W2179498155",
    references = "doi101016030192688590066x, doi101111j136530911986tb00540x, doi101826182003741571989, doi1023073514631, doi102475ajs2728752, doi102475ajs275101121"
}

@incollection{semikhatov2000proterozoic,
    author = "Semikhatov, Mikail A. and Raaben, Maria E.",
    title = "Proterozoic Stromatolite Taxonomy and Biostratigraphy",
    year = "2000",
    booktitle = "Microbial Sediments",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04036-2\_32",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-662-04036-2\_32",
    openalex = "W93153918",
    pages = "295-306",
    references = "doi1010079783642768842, doi101016030192688590066x, doi101016s001669959380031l, doi101017cbo9780511601064002, doi101038383423a0, doi101086626965, doi1010970001069419650700000019, doi1011300091761319940220387aoodso23co2, doi101139e79088, hofmann1977on, openalexw566083668"
}

@article{doi101086319243,
    author = "McArthur, J.M. and Howarth, Richard J. and Bailey, T. R.",
    title = "Strontium Isotope Stratigraphy: LOWESS Version 3: Best Fit to the Marine Sr‐Isotope Curve for 0–509 Ma and Accompanying Look‐up Table for Deriving Numerical Age",
    year = "2001",
    journal = "The Journal of Geology",
    abstract = "An improved and updated version of the statistical LOWESS fit to the marine 87Sr/86Sr record and a revised look-up table (V3:10/99; available from j.mcarthur@ucl.ac.uk) based upon it enables straightforward conversion of 87Sr/86Sr to numerical age, and vice versa, for use in strontium isotope stratigraphy (SIS). The table includes 95\% confidence intervals on predictions of numerical age from 87Sr/86Sr. This version includes the Triassic and Paleozoic record (0-509 Ma) omitted from previous versions because of the paucity of adequate data at the time of preparation. We highlight differences between the previous versions of the table and the current version and discuss some aspects of the 87Sr/86Sr record that may have geological significance. We give examples of how the table can be used and where it has proven useful.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1086/319243",
    doi = "10.1086/319243",
    openalex = "W2094679907",
    references = "bruckschen1995isotopic, doi101016001670379290064p, doi101016s0009254199000819, doi101016s003101829800056x, doi10102994jb01889, doi10102994jb03098, doi101029pa002i001p00001, doi10108001621459197910481038, doi101126science2314741979, doi101126science25550521663, doi101126science2845414616, doi101126science2875451269, doi1011639789004616455018, doi102110pec95040129, doi1023072531418, doi1023072981587, openalexw62718268"
}

@article{doi102475ajs30411,
    author = "Alavi, Mehdi",
    title = "Regional stratigraphy of the Zagros fold-thrust belt of Iran and its proforeland evolution",
    year = "2004",
    journal = "American Journal of Science",
    abstract = {The latest Neoproterozoic through Phanerozoic stratigraphy of the Zagros fold-thrust belt of Iran has been revised in the light of recent investigations. The revised stratigraphy consists of four groups of rocks, each composed of a number of unconformity-bounded megasequences representing various tectonosedimentary settings. In the lowest group, ranging in age from latest Precambrian to Devonian(?), the uppermost Neoproterozoic to middle Cambrian rocks constitute a megasequence of evaporites, siliciclastic deposits, and interlayered carbonates, which were deposited in pull-apart basins that developed by the Najd strike-slip fault system. This megasequence is overlain by a second one, Middle to Late Cambrian in age, which consists of shallow, marine siliciclastic and carbonate rocks representing deposition in an epicontinental platform. The overlying shales, siltstones, and partly volcanogenic sandstones of Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian(?) age are local remnants of stratigraphic units that were extensively eroded during development of several major unconformities. The second group consists of two megasequences, one Permian and the other Triassic, composed of widespread, transgressive basal siliciclastic rocks and overlying evaporitic carbonates of an equatorial, epi-Pangean, very shallow platformal sea. The third group is composed of four megasequences formed of shallow- and deep-water carbonates with some siliciclastic and evaporite deposits, which accumulated on a Neo-Tethyan continental shelf during earliest Jurassic through late Turonian time. The fourth group comprises siliciclastic and carbonate deposits of a largely underfilled, NW- to SE-trending, forward and backward migrating, late Cretaceous to Recent proforeland basin, which has evolved as an integral part of the Zagros orogen. This last group consists of three megasequences (IX, X, and XI) with distinctive lateral and vertical facies variations, which reflect specific tectonic events. Megasequence IX comprises uppermost Turonian to middle Maastrichtian prograding and retrograding siliciclastic and carbonate deposits, whose accumulations reflect emplacement ("obduction") of ophiolite slivers and subsequent collisional events in the Zagros orogen. Megasequence X consists of uppermost Maastrichtian to upper Eocene siliciclastic and carbonate rocks, which deposited first progradationally in front of the Zagros orogenic wedge with reduced contractional tectonic activity, and then retrogradationally due to intensified thrust stacking in the interior parts of the orogen. Megasequence XI consists of Oligocene and lower Miocene carbonate strata deposited retrogradationally shortly after a period of intensified late Eocene thrust faulting in the deformational wedge, and an overlying succession of upward-coarsening, northeasterly-derived siliciclastic deposits of lower Miocene to Recent age which are composed of erosional byproducts of the southwest-vergent Zagros thrust sheets.},
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.304.1.1",
    doi = "10.2475/ajs.304.1.1",
    openalex = "W2106229214",
    references = "doi101126science23547931156, doi10113000917613198311503tdonag20co2, doi1013062f918a8b16ce11d78645000102c1865d"
}

@incollection{crossref2005systemic,
    title = "Systemic stratigraphy: beyond classical biostratigraphy",
    year = "2005",
    booktitle = "Biostratigraphy",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511610653.006",
    doi = "10.1017/cbo9780511610653.006",
    openalex = "W1941476012",
    pages = "164-204",
    references = "doi1010160033589473900525, doi101016027737919190033q, doi101017s0094837300005224, doi10102994jb03098, doi101098rspb19790086, doi101126science1059412, doi101126science19442701121, doi101126science20844481095, doi101126science23547931156, doi104159harvard9780674865327"
}

@article{doi101111j13653091200500751x,
    author = "Riding, Robert and Tomás, Sara",
    title = "Stromatolite reef crusts, Early Cretaceous, Spain: bacterial origin of in situ ‐precipitated peloid microspar?",
    year = "2005",
    journal = "Sedimentology",
    abstract = "Abstract Peloidal crusts are significant components of Early Cretaceous (Aptian) reef carbonates in eastern Spain. The crusts form steep‐sided laminated deposits on coral and other skeletal surfaces. Their microfabric consists almost entirely of silt‐sized peloids in fenestral microspar matrix. This microfabric contrasts with more poorly sorted and generally finer grained detrital wackestone–packstone fabrics of the adjacent reef matrix. Scarcity of incorporated grains indicates that the crusts did not trap many particles. It is proposed that the crusts are stromatolites and that peloids and inter‐peloid space were created concurrently by bacterial degradation of organic matter. As they developed, inter‐peloid voids were protected from infiltration of extraneous sediment by the organic‐rich exterior surface of the stromatolite. Even spacing of the peloids within microspar may reflect self‐organization of bacterial colonies in the decaying organic matrix. Compressed and partly amalgamated peloids marginal to burrows in the stromatolites suggest that the peloid fabrics were initially only partially lithified. The grainstone‐like peloid fabric is therefore interpreted as having formed in situ by very early diagenetic processes driven by heterotrophic bacteria.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2005.00751.x",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1365-3091.2005.00751.x",
    openalex = "W2159534024",
    references = "doi104095106437"
}

@incollection{crossref2006biostratigraphy,
    title = "Biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy",
    year = "2006",
    booktitle = "Applied Palaeontology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139165402.007",
    doi = "10.1017/9781139165402.007",
    openalex = "W4238039878",
    pages = "282-305"
}

@article{doi101134s0869593806020031,
    author = "Raaben, M. E.",
    title = "Dimensional parameters of columnar stromatolites as a result of stromatolite ecosystem evolution",
    year = "2006",
    journal = "Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation",
    abstract = "Columnar stromatolites representing more than a half of species described in Precambrian stromatolite assemblages reveal a regular trend of size variations during the Proterozoic and Early Paleozoic. Their dimensional parameters grew gradually during the Paleoproterozoic to attain peak values in the Early Riphean and to decline steadily afterward during the Middle-Late Riphean, Vendian, and Cambrian. Size variations are established based on statistically averaged maximum diameters of columns calculated for 230 taxa and on percentages of large, medium and small species occurring in successive units of stratigraphic scale. The units correspond to three Paleoproterozoic subdivisions (time span from 2.3 to 1.65 Ga) and to five subdivisions of the Riphean, Vendian and Early Paleozoic jointly spanning a comparable period of geologic time. The results of calculation depict a unimodal variation curve with one infliction point designating inversion of ascending and descending trends in the Early Riphean time. The inversion and cardinal changes in taxonomic composition of the entire stromatolite community across the Riphean lower boundary appear to be interrelated. Abiotic events, which certainly influenced diversity of all, especially columnar stromatolites, have no manifestation however in the size-variation curve lacking perceptible oscillations in both the ascending and descending branches. Consequently, dimension parameters of columnar stromatolites appear to be independent of direct influence of abiotic events.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1134/s0869593806020031",
    doi = "10.1134/s0869593806020031",
    openalex = "W2003073455",
    references = "doi104095123903, openalexw109813744"
}

@article{doi101144m368,
    author = "Grey, Kathleen and Hill, Andrew C. and Calver, Clive R.",
    title = "Chapter 8 Biostratigraphy and stratigraphic subdivision of Cryogenian successions of Australia in a global context",
    year = "2011",
    journal = "Geological Society London Memoirs",
    abstract = "Abstract Cryogenian correlation in Australia is based on an extensive data set from the Centralian Superbasin and Adelaide Rift Complex and integrates biostratigraphy and isotope chemostratigraphy to provide a three-dimensional interpretation based on outcrop and drill holes. Studies are ongoing, but newer data are consistent with the distributions discussed here. From the chemostratigraphic and biostratigraphic viewpoint, the first appearance of the acritarch Cerebrosphaera buickii, coupled with a large negative isotope excursion at c. 800 Ma, supported by the first appearance of the stromatolite Baicalia burra, seems to have potential for boundary placement. It is widely recognized across Australia and seems to have potential globally.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1144/m36.8",
    doi = "10.1144/m36.8",
    openalex = "W2314705990",
    references = "doi10108003115517908527799"
}

@book{openalexw101633874,
    author = "Reading, H. G.",
    title = "Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies And Stratigraphy",
    year = "2011",
    abstract = "Sedimentary Environments is one of the most distinguished and influential textbooks in the earth sciences published in the last 20 years. The first and second editions both won universal praise and became classic works in sedimentology. Since the publication of the last edition, the study of sedimentary environments and facies has made great strides, with major advances in facies modelling, sequence stratigraphy and basin modelling. The 3rd edition of this classic text will likely set the benchmark even higher, and needless to say, will continue being the textbook of choice for sedimentology students. The latest edition of a classic text. Incorporates all the latest advances in dynamic stratigraphy. Will remain the textbook of choice for upper level undergraduate and graduate students in sedimentology.",
    openalex = "W101633874"
}

@article{doi101017s0016756813000290,
    author = "Andrews, Steven D. and Trewin, Nigel H.",
    title = "Palaeoenvironmental significance of lacustrine stromatolite forms from the Middle Old Red Sandstone of the Orcadian Basin",
    year = "2013",
    journal = "Geological Magazine",
    abstract = "Abstract The form of microbialite accumulations is largely the product of environmental processes and microbial activity. Recent work has largely concentrated on the identification and classification of microbialites with little attention being paid to their environmental significance. This study describes the environmental distribution of the varied stromatolite forms recorded from the Middle Old Red Sandstone sequences of the Orcadian Basin. Comparisons are made with Triassic examples from East Greenland and modern microbialite accumulations. The Middle Old Red Sandstone of Northern Scotland was deposited in a predominantly lacustrine setting. Stromatolites are recorded from both steep basin margin coincident settings and lower gradient settings where the lake margin was distant from the basin margin. In the latter case stromatolite development is largely restricted to transgressive lacustrine sequences, during the deposition of which reduced rates of sedimentation resulted from the migration of sediment input points towards the basin margin. Stromatolite sheets, domal mounds, aligned mounds (and associated runnels), sand-cored stromatolite mounds and reefal stromatolite accumulations have been identified representing the transition from more sheltered to more exposed environments. In basin margin coincident settings stromatolite accumulation is restricted to areas of low sedimentation where microbialites coat boulders and pebbles. A model for the palaeoenvironmental distribution of the stromatolite forms described is proposed and is shown to be applicable to similar examples from the Triassic of East Greenland. It is suggested that this model may be more widely applicable to stromatolitic accumulations in similar lacustrine settings through large portions of the Phanerozoic.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756813000290",
    doi = "10.1017/s0016756813000290",
    openalex = "W2096523657",
    references = "doi1010160301926882900353"
}

@incollection{aubry2014biostratigraphy,
    author = "Aubry, Marie-Pierre",
    title = "Biostratigraphy",
    year = "2014",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6326-5\_192-1",
    doi = "10.1007/978-94-007-6326-5\_192-1",
    pages = "1-35"
}

@incollection{aubry2015biostratigraphy,
    author = "Aubry, Marie-Pierre",
    title = "Biostratigraphy",
    year = "2015",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6304-3\_192",
    doi = "10.1007/978-94-007-6304-3\_192",
    pages = "83-107"
}

@inproceedings{andkeller2016biostratigraphy,
    author = "Keller, Gerta",
    title = "BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND IMPACT STRATIGRAPHY",
    year = "2016",
    booktitle = "Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-283457",
    doi = "10.1130/abs/2016am-283457",
    openalex = "W2785010858"
}

@article{doi102110jsr20198,
    author = "Suosaari, Erica P. and Reid, R. Pamela and Oehlert, Amanda M. and Playford, Phillip E. and Steffensen, C K and Andres, Miriam S. and Suosaari, Gregory V. and Milano, Gary R. and Eberli, Gregor P.",
    title = "Stromatolite Provinces of Hamelin Pool: Physiographic Controls On Stromatolites and Associated Lithofacies",
    year = "2019",
    journal = "Journal of Sedimentary Research",
    abstract = "Recent studies recognized distinct stromatolite provinces in Hamelin Pool, Western Australia, each with morphologically distinct stromatolite structures paired with characteristic shelf physiography. In the present paper, we couple detailed lithofacies mapping with Hamelin Pool bathymetry and consider physiography as a control of sedimentation processes, including stromatolite development. Bathymetric transects, derived from a high-resolution bathymetry map with depths from 0 to 11 meters, allow calculation of slope gradients in the provinces. As in other settings, bathymetry is linked to energy regimes, which in turn appear to be coupled with variations in stromatolite morphologies and associated lithofacies as follows: (1) low-gradient ramps with low-energy settings are associated with sheet mats and elongate-clustered stromatolites that exhibit regular spatial patterns, possibly indicative of self-organization; (2) low gradients coupled with high-energy settings resulting from strong winds result in seif stromatolites with pronounced directional bands; (3) medium to steep gradients coupled with medium to high energy are associated with individual and merged stromatolites, often with thin basal necks; (4) headlands and promontories where the topography deflects currents are associated with elongate-nested stromatolites; and (5) medium- to high-energy slopes typically found at promontory edges and shelf margins are dominated by blocky pavement. Observations linking stromatolite morphology to physiography in a modern microbial system provide insight into the long-lived debate about biology versus environment in controlling stromatolite morphology. When physiography leads to a high-energy regime, environmental controls are the main factor determining stromatolite morphology. In contrast, when physiography promotes a low-energy environment, the response of biological communities becomes the main driver of macroscale stromatolite morphology.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2019.8",
    doi = "10.2110/jsr.2019.8",
    openalex = "W2924034574",
    references = "doi1010160301926882900353"
}

@article{doi101016jpalaeo2021110288,
    author = "Lee, Jeong‐Hyun and Riding, Robert",
    title = "Keratolite–stromatolite consortia mimic domical and branched columnar stromatolites",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology",
    abstract = "The term keratolite is proposed for keratosan sponge carbonate dominated by vermiform fabric that preserves the outlines of the original spongin skeleton. Thinly (<\textasciitilde 2 cm) interlayered keratosan–microbial carbonate consortia in peritidal sediments near the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary in Newfoundland, Canada, are macroscopically indistinguishable from stromatolites. These carbonate domes and columns consist of approximately equal proportions of keratolite and stromatolite. The keratolite is characterized by pervasive microscopic vermiform fabric, which reflects the original spongin framework. The stromatolite is characterized by fine-grained carbonate with cross-cutting laminae, which primarily formed by sediment trapping. The intimate association of keratolite and stromatolite in these deposits indicates that the sponges and microbes involved shared similar environmental tolerances and requirements. Synchronicity of sponge colonization, followed by stromatolite regrowth, across adjacent columns suggests coordinated responses by both sponges and microbes to local ecophysiological stimuli. Due to their macroscopic similarity, keratolite and fine-grained stromatolite may commonly have been confused with one-another throughout the Phanerozoic, and possibly longer.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110288",
    doi = "10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110288",
    openalex = "W3127594492",
    references = "doi101016jearscirev2019103060, doi101016jprecamres2019105438, openalexw633053001"
}

@article{doi101111sed13048,
    author = "Lee, Jeong‐Hyun and Riding, Robert",
    title = "Stromatolite‐rimmed thrombolite columns and domes constructed by microstromatolites, calcimicrobes and sponges in late Cambrian biostromes, Texas, USA",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Sedimentology",
    abstract = "ABSTRACT Microbial carbonates formed stromatolitic, thrombolitic, dendrolitic and maceriate (mazelike) fabrics in shallow marine Cambrian–Early Ordovician carbonates encircling Laurentia. However, poor preservation often hinders recognition of their specific components. Well‐preserved examples of normal shallow marine limestones in the ca 490 Ma upper Cambrian Point Peak Member, Wilberns Formation, central Texas, include stromatolitic cones, steep‐sided laminated rimmed columns with grainy interiors, and laminated and maceriate domes. Together these form decimetre to metre‐thick biostromes. In these examples, a single component, microstromatolite, on its own or with minor calcimicrobes, creates macroscopic stromatolitic, dendrolitic, thrombolitic and maceriate fabrics. Microstromatolites constructed upward widening stromatolitic cones that developed into columns with laminated rims surrounding slightly depressed interiors. These columns accumulated allochthonous sediment by a ‘bucket effect’. Their interiors contain either clusters of dendrolitic microstromatolite or ragged columns of laminated stromatolite–sponge biolithite, and are often characterized by a ‘mottled’ fabric that superficially resembles thrombolite. This mottling was formed by localized dolomitization around millimetric burrows that otherwise do not appear to have significantly influenced the biolithite fabric. Calcimicrobes, including cyanobacteria (Razumovskia) and microproblematica (Renalcis and Tarthinia), impart a mesoscopic clotted appearance to maceriate fabric, and locally to column rims, both of which are dominated by microstromatolite. Similar component‐fabric relationships should be recognizable in rimmed columns and domes that were locally abundant elsewhere in Cambrian–Early Ordovician shallow carbonate seas.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.13048",
    doi = "10.1111/sed.13048",
    openalex = "W4303043607",
    references = "doi101016jearscirev2020103300, doi101016jgloplacha2021103586, doi104095123903, openalexw633053001"
}

@article{doi101038s41598025240361,
    author = "El-Kahawy, Ramadan M and Raafat, Aya",
    title = "Integrated biostratigraphy of the Maastrichtian-Danian sequence in the southern Tethys with insights into paleoenvironmental implications.",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Scientific reports",
    abstract = "The Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) sequence offers a global perception of the paleoecological evolution in the southern Tethys realm. High-resolution calcareous nannofossil and dinoflagellate cyst analyses were conducted on subsurface Maastrichtian-Danian deposits in the Western Desert of Egypt, to characterize the paleo-conditions. The calcareous nannofossil analysis retrieved four main biostratigraphic zones (UC18-UC20, and NP4). A hiatus at the K/Pg boundary resulted in absence of most Danian nannofossil zones (NP1-NP3). The palynofacies assemblages discriminated three intervals of varying oxygen levels: dysoxic, proximal suboxic-anoxic shelf, and distal suboxic-anoxic basin incorporated by oligo-eutrophic conditions. The species diversity and relative abundance patterns of sensitive nannofossil indicators during this interval are attributed to significant climatic shifts. The surface waters during the Maastrichtian experienced a general cooling trend, interrupted by two warming episodes that may be correlated with the Deccan traps' two phases (1\&2). The biotic productivity indices and geochemical proxy (P, Sr/Al\& P/Al) showed that during the earliest Maastrichtian high productivity prevailed, whereas during middle and late Maastrichtian a fluctuating pattern appeared. Statistically, multivariate techniques discriminated the retrieved taxa into five groups, each characterizing a depositional environment and climatic trend. Further, the palynomorphs analysis classified the Maastrichtian-Danian sequence into three offshore environments. A more refined understanding of climatic upheavals is essential for future studies to assess their potential role in driving biotic changes across the K/Pg boundary.",
    url = "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12586538/",
    doi = "10.1038/s41598-025-24036-1",
    pmcid = "PMC12586538",
    pmid = "41188402"
}

@article{doi101111joa14255,
    author = "Haldar, Atrayee and Ray, Sanghamitra",
    title = "First report of desmatosuchine aetosaur (Pseudosuchia, Aetosauriformes) osteoderms from the Upper Triassic Tiki Formation of India: Their complex internal vascular system, functional significance and biostratigraphy.",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Journal of anatomy",
    abstract = "The Late Triassic Tiki fauna from India represents one of the richest and most diverse vertebrate faunal assemblages, essentially known for archosauromorphs, temnospondyls, fishes, lizards, and trace fossils like coprolites. In this paper, we provide a detailed morphological description of isolated lateral osteoderms from a multitaxic bonebed of the Tiki Formation. The osteoderms bear a spike-like eminence formed by two asymmetric flanges, radial ornamentation, and a thick, indented medial margin suggesting that these pertained to a pseudosuchian archosaur. With the purpose of demonstrating the internal anatomy, X-ray microCT was used to reveal a compact diploe structure with a highly vascularised core characterising most archosaurian osteoderms. Such a high degree of compactness with an internal vascular network and open vascular canals can be hypothesised to serve as protection from predation and for thermoregulation. A comparative study with different Late Triassic armoured archosauromorphs revealed morphological resemblance of the osteoderms to lateral osteoderms of desmatosuchine aetosaurs and the aetosauriform Acaenasuchus geoffreyi. A phylogenetic analysis comprising all the Late Triassic archosauromorphs placed the Tiki taxon within Aetosauriformes. However, an additional analysis including all aetosaurs positioned the new taxon deeply nested within Desmatosuchini as sister taxon to Desmatosuchus. Better understanding of the phylogenetic position can only be achieved by recovering more cranial and post-cranial materials. This contribution demonstrates the first occurrence of a Desmatosuchus-like taxon from the Tiki Formation and bolsters the significance of the horizon in global correlation and also contributes to our understanding of the dispersal of aetosaurs or similar taxa in different parts of Pangaea during the Late Triassic.",
    url = "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12265043/",
    doi = "10.1111/joa.14255",
    pmcid = "PMC12265043",
    pmid = "40205778",
    references = "doi101002spp21476, doi1010800891296320191609957"
}

@article{doi10117705529360251406940,
    author = "Singh, Divya and SHARMA, MUKUND and MISRA, YOGENDRA and PANDEY, S.K. and Bl, Pandey",
    title = "A peculiar and rare stromatolite Platella, from the Late Palaeoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Vindhyan Supergroup, Son Valley, Sonbhadra, India",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India",
    abstract = "A rare stromatolite form, Platella, is documented for the first time from the Upper Kajrahat Limestone of the Semri Group, Vindhyan Supergroup, Son Valley, India. These are non-columnar stromatolites, characterised by vertically arranged, plate-like laminae. Occasionally, α-branching is observed, but it lacks colonial aggregation. Their distinct structure differentiates them from similar forms, such as Pitella and Parallelophyton. Sedimentary features and associated Fan Fabric Structures indicate a restricted intertidal depositional setting. This discovery contributes to the understanding of the biostratigraphic utility and diversity of the Vindhyan stromatolite, providing insights into the complex microbial-sedimentary interactions that occurred during the Proterozoic.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1177/05529360251406940",
    doi = "10.1177/05529360251406940",
    openalex = "W7123494019",
    references = "doi101017s0016756821000406"
}

@article{doi10159000013765202520250467,
    author = "Santana, Holes P DE and Melo, Robbyson M and Noucoucouk, Agathe A and Moura, Cleide Regina and Piovesan, Enelise Katia",
    title = "Foraminifera from the Campanian-Maastrichtian of the Miriri Sub-Basin, Paraíba Basin, Brazil: implications for biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias",
    abstract = "This study investigates the core RT-01-PB from the Miriri Sub-Basin, Paraíba Basin, analyzing planktic and benthic foraminifera from the upper Campanian to lower Maastrichtian. The strata belong to the Itamaracá and Gramame formations. Lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic, and paleoenvironmental interpretations were developed using microbiofacies and benthic foraminiferal morphogroups. Fifty samples were processed for foraminiferal recovery, and thirty-five petrographic thin sections were analyzed to identify bioclastic constituents and diagenetic features, aiming to describe and classify the microbiofacies. Two planktic foraminiferal zones were identified: Gansserina gansseri Zone (upper Campanian-lower Maastrichtian) and Contusotruncana contusa Zone (lower Maastrichtian). Benthic foraminifera were classified into morphogroups by morphology and habitat, associating strata with depositional environments. Petrographic analysis revealed five microbiofacies types, including the first occurrence of larger benthic foraminifera in Brazil during the Upper Cretaceous. During the upper Campanian-lower Maastrichtian, the Miriri Sub-Basin was a platform environment, ranging from inner to mid-ramp (0-100 m depth) under oligotrophic conditions, with predominance of epifaunal forms. In the lower Maastrichtian, a middle-outer ramp (100-200 m) shifted to mesotrophic conditions, marked by increased infaunal foraminifera and authigenic phosphate, coincident with a gamma-ray peak. These data offer perspectives on climatic and palaeoenvironmental variations across the northern South American Platform during the Campanian-Maastrichtian.",
    url = "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41417522/",
    doi = "10.1590/0001-3765202520250467",
    pmid = "41417522"
}