@article{ormerod1962iv,
    author = "Ormerod, John G. and Gest, Howard",
    title = "IV. HYDROGEN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND ALTERNATIVE METABOLIC PATHWAYS IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA",
    year = "1962",
    journal = "Bacteriological Reviews",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1128/br.26.1.51-66.1962",
    doi = "10.1128/br.26.1.51-66.1962",
    number = "1",
    pages = "51-66",
    volume = "26"
}

@article{caswell1973photosynthetic,
    author = "Caswell, Hal and Reed, Frank and Stephenson, S. N. and Werner, Patricia A.",
    title = "Photosynthetic Pathways and Selective Herbivory: A Hypothesis",
    year = "1973",
    journal = "The American Naturalist",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1086/282851",
    doi = "10.1086/282851",
    number = "956",
    pages = "465-480",
    volume = "107"
}

@phdthesis{caswell1973photosynthetic1,
    author = "Caswell, H. and Reed, F. and Stephenson, S. N. and Werner, P. A",
    title = "Photosynthetic pathways and selective herbivory",
    year = "1973",
    publisher = "a hypothesis: American Naturalist, v. 107, p. 465-480",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Caswell, H., Reed, F., Stephenson, S. N., and Werner, P. A., 1973, Photosynthetic pathways and selective herbivory: a hypothesis: American Naturalist, v. 107, p. 465-480.}"
}

@article{bennack1981the,
    author = "Bennack, Dan E.",
    title = "The effects of mandible morphology and photosynthetic pathway on selective herbivory in grasshoppers",
    year = "1981",
    journal = "Oecologia",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00540615",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00540615",
    number = "2",
    pages = "281-283",
    volume = "51"
}

@article{pinder1987insect,
    author = "Pinder, John E. and Kroh, Glenn C.",
    title = "Insect Herbivory and Photosynthetic Pathways in Old‐Field Ecosystems",
    year = "1987",
    journal = "Ecology",
    abstract = "Three old—field plant communities of varying composition near Aiken, South Carolina, were used to test the hypothesis that phytophagous insects avoid consuming plants possessing the C 4 photosynthetic pathway and consume plants that possess only the C 3 pathway. The relative abundances of stable carbon isotopes in insect tissues, which indicate consumption of C 3 or C 4 plants, were used to determine if insects were consuming C 3 and C 4 plants in proportion to their abundance in the plant community. In one community, the carbon isotope ratio for insects was significantly less than that expected for proportional consumption and indicated avoidance of C 4 species. Insect consumption of C 4 plants was °50\% of that expected if insects were consuming C 3 and C 4 plants in proportion to their abundance. In the other two communities, the differences between observed and expected isotopic ratios were not significant. Levels of insect consumption of C 4 plants in these two communities were, respectively, °82\% and °126\% of those expected for proportional consumption. The results suggest that the degree of avoidance varies among plant communities.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2307/1939255",
    doi = "10.2307/1939255",
    number = "2",
    pages = "254-259",
    volume = "68"
}

@incollection{crossref2008engineering,
    title = "Engineering Photosynthetic Pathways",
    year = "2008",
    booktitle = "Advances in Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1755-0408(07)01004-1",
    doi = "10.1016/s1755-0408(07)01004-1",
    pages = "81-105"
}

@article{kerchev2012plant,
    author = "KERCHEV, PAVEL I. and FENTON, BRIAN and FOYER, CHRISTINE H. and HANCOCK, ROBERT D.",
    title = "Plant responses to insect herbivory: interactions between photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species and hormonal signalling pathways",
    year = "2012",
    journal = "Plant, Cell \& Environment",
    abstract = "Under herbivore attack plants mount a defence response characterized by the accumulation of secondary metabolites and inhibitory proteins. Significant changes are observed in the transcriptional profiles of genes encoding enzymes of primary metabolism. Such changes have often been interpreted in terms of a requirement for an increased investment of resources to ‘fuel’ the synthesis of secondary metabolites. While enhanced secondary metabolism undoubtedly exerts an influence on primary metabolism, accumulating evidence suggests that rather than stimulating photosynthesis insect herbivory reduces photosynthetic carbon fixation and this response occurs by a re‐programming of gene expression. Within this context, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reductant/oxidant (redox) signalling play a central role. Accumulating evidence suggests that ROS signalling pathways are closely interwoven with hormone‐signalling pathways in plant–insect interactions. Here we consider how insect infestation impacts on the stress signalling network through effects on ROS and cellular redox metabolism with particular emphasis on the roles of ROS in the plant responses to phloem‐feeding insects.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02399.x",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02399.x",
    number = "2",
    pages = "441-453",
    volume = "35"
}

@article{doi101186s1287001609297,
    author = "Ravin, N. and Gruzdev, E. V. and Beletsky, A. and Mazur, A. and Prokhortchouk, E. and Filyushin, M. A. and Kochieva, E. and Kadnikov, V. and Mardanov, A. and Skryabin, K.",
    title = "The loss of photosynthetic pathways in the plastid and nuclear genomes of the non-photosynthetic mycoheterotrophic eudicot Monotropa hypopitys",
    year = "2016",
    journal = "BMC Plant Biology",
    abstract = "BackgroundChloroplasts of most plants are responsible for photosynthesis and contain a conserved set of about 110 genes that encode components of housekeeping gene expression machinery and photosynthesis-related functions. Heterotrophic plants obtaining nutrients from other organisms and their plastid genomes represent model systems in which to study the effects of relaxed selective pressure on photosynthetic function. The most evident is a reduction in the size and gene content of the plastome, which correlates with the loss of genes encoding photosynthetic machinery which become unnecessary. Transition to a non-photosynthetic lifestyle is expected also to relax the selective pressure on photosynthetic machinery in the nuclear genome, however, the corresponding changes are less known.ResultsHere we report the complete sequence of the plastid genome of Monotropa hypopitys, an achlorophyllous obligately mycoheterotrophic plant belonging to the family Ericaceae. The plastome of M. hypopitys is greatly reduced in size (35,336 bp) and lacks the typical quadripartite structure with two single-copy regions and an inverted repeat. Only 45 genes remained presumably intact– those encoding ribosomal proteins, ribosomal and transfer RNA and housekeeping genes infA, matK, accD and clpP. The clpP and accD genes probably remain functional, although their sequences are highly diverged. The sets of genes for ribosomal protein and transfer RNA are incomplete relative to chloroplasts of a photosynthetic plant. Comparison of the plastid genomes of two subspecies-level isolates of M. hypopitys revealed major structural rearrangements associated with repeat-driven recombination and the presence of isolate-specific tRNA genes. Analysis of the M. hypopitys transcriptome by RNA-Seq showed the absence of expression of nuclear-encoded components of photosystem I and II reaction center proteins, components of cytochrome b6f complex, ATP synthase, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase components, as well as chlorophyll from protoporphyrin IX biosynthesis pathway.ConclusionsWith the complete loss of genes related to photosynthesis, NADH dehydrogenase, plastid-encoded RNA polymerase and ATP synthase, the M. hypopitys plastid genome is among the most functionally reduced ones characteristic of obligate non-photosynthetic parasitic species. Analysis of the M. hypopitys transcriptome revealed coordinated evolution of the nuclear and plastome genomes and the loss of photosynthesis-related functions in both genomes.",
    url = "https://bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12870-016-0929-7",
    doi = "10.1186/s12870-016-0929-7",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "S3",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "44",
    semanticscholar_id = "09768fb696a37d1d13ecdc3420f2d58cae757695",
    volume = "16"
}

@misc{s2678d07e503c46de46e5e5529bf60fb608ada7eb3,
    author = "Zhou, Haoran",
    title = "Selective Pressures And Evolutionary Dynamics In Hydraulic And Photosynthetic Systems Of The C3 And C4 Photosynthesis Pathways In Grasses",
    year = "2019",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/678d07e503c46de46e5e5529bf60fb608ada7eb3",
    is_oa = "true",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "1",
    semanticscholar_id = "678d07e503c46de46e5e5529bf60fb608ada7eb3"
}

@incollection{crossref2021photosynthetic,
    title = "Photosynthetic Pathways",
    year = "2021",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0\_160489",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0\_160489",
    pages = "1047-1047"
}

@incollection{jones2021photosynthesis,
    author = "Jones, Michael R.",
    title = "Photosynthesis | Purple Bacteria: Photosynthetic Reaction Centers",
    year = "2021",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry III",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.21540-9",
    doi = "10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.21540-9",
    pages = "315-332"
}

@incollection{sharkey2021photosynthesis,
    author = "Sharkey, Thomas D.",
    title = "Photosynthesis | Photosynthetic Carbon Dioxide Fixation",
    year = "2021",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry III",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819460-7.00011-6",
    doi = "10.1016/b978-0-12-819460-7.00011-6",
    pages = "399-412"
}

@article{doi101007s12668024015088,
    author = "Dhiman, Shikha and Debnath, Nitai and Das, Sumistha",
    title = "Carbon Based Photosynthetic Biohybrid System: A New Approach to Energy Conversion",
    year = "2024",
    journal = "BioNanoScience",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e01b0f89d564adad86af9df2f3f2b2762bd99ed0",
    doi = "10.1007/s12668-024-01508-8",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "5",
    pages = "4910-4929",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "1",
    semanticscholar_id = "e01b0f89d564adad86af9df2f3f2b2762bd99ed0",
    volume = "14"
}

@article{doi101002adfm202513487,
    author = "Yu, Xiaoxuan and Li, Hui and Bao, Sheng and Wu, Yaqi and Li, Cong and Xu, Zhengwei and Xu, Jiayun and Wang, Tingting and Liu, Junqiu",
    title = "Self‐Assembled Protein Cages in Living Bacterial Photocatalysis: Modular Design Achieves Selective Regeneration of NADH and Efficient CO2 Fixation",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Advanced Functional Materials",
    abstract = "The use of predesigned bioengineered proteins to construct spatially confined structures enables efficient integration of biological and nanomaterial components, offering new scientific directions for nano‐biohybrid systems. The unique properties of nanomaterials can alter the original biological paradigm to enable new metabolic pathways or new activation triggers. Inspired by the cascade process of “light‐driven electron transfer–cofactor regeneration–carbon assimilation” in natural photosynthesis, this study constructs a ternary synergistic system comprising a photocatalyst, protein cage, and live bacteria. By integrating a light‐induced electron module, a protein cage protective module, and a metabolic module, this system achieves selective NADH generation and efficient CO2 fixation. The incorporation of the protein cage not only enhances enzyme stability but also physically separates the photosensitizer from the enzyme, thereby preserving the enzyme's conformational integrity and improving electron utilization efficiency. This biomimetic system demonstrates a significant enhancement in CO2‐to‐formate conversion efficiency (6.8‐fold increase), showcasing robust functional integration potential and light energy utilization capability. This strategy opens new avenues for light‐driven green chemical synthesis, provides a paradigm for the deep integration of synthetic biology and green materials science, and lays a solid foundation for the development of next‐generation artificial photosynthetic cell factories.",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5edf4c793499eb7ced0994b43bfa341b93f4a781",
    doi = "10.1002/adfm.202513487",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "8",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "1",
    semanticscholar_id = "5edf4c793499eb7ced0994b43bfa341b93f4a781",
    volume = "36"
}

@article{doi101007s42250025014480,
    author = "Mishra, Ashutosh and Yadav, R.K. and Mishra, Shaifali and Shahin, Rehana and Sharma, Kanchan and Mishra, Vinay K. and Gupta, N. K. and Baeg, Jin‐Ook",
    title = "Functionalized Co-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Highly Efficient Solar Light Photocatalyst for Selective Value-Added Formic Acid Production from CO2",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Chemistry Africa",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fcfa57ad6cbd0a4a9ab4aeb06d0095c820540062",
    doi = "10.1007/s42250-025-01448-0",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "9",
    pages = "4593-4606",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "1",
    semanticscholar_id = "fcfa57ad6cbd0a4a9ab4aeb06d0095c820540062",
    volume = "8"
}

@article{doi101016jmolp202510022,
    author = "Förster, Kerstin and Sauerland, Meike and Groth, Georg",
    title = "From synthetic small molecules to natural substances: The C4 photosynthetic pathway as a target for sustainable weed control.",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Molecular plant",
    abstract = "Weed management remains a major agricultural challenge, especially as many problematic species rely on C4-photosynthesis, unlike most C3-crops. Conventional herbicides face growing limitations due to resistance and environmental concerns. High-throughput screening has identified synthetic small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs) that target key C4-specific enzymes with low micromolar potency, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME), and pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK). In parallel, plant-derived secondary metabolites, notably flavonoids, have shown selective in vivo inhibition of C4-photosynthesis. These transgene-free compounds represent a promising new mode of herbicidal action. Here, we assess their potential to address current constraints in weed control, emphasize their high efficacy and distinct modes of action, and advocate for further research into sustainable, C4-targeted herbicides as a foundation for resilient crop protection in the face of climate change.",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/77a932de84a9cb71cfa496d4c979e6f0a6514f97",
    doi = "10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.022",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "1",
    pages = "9-12",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "1",
    semanticscholar_id = "77a932de84a9cb71cfa496d4c979e6f0a6514f97",
    volume = "19"
}

@article{doi101016jplaphy2026111024,
    author = "Grizza, Luiz Henryque Escher and de Carvalho Contesoto, Isabela and da Silva Mendonça, Ana Paula and Comar, Amanda Castro and Boromelo, Ana Paula and de Melo, Gabriele Sauthier Romano and Ferro, A. P. and dos Santos, W. D. and Constantin, R. P. and Marchiosi, R. and Ferrarese‐Filho, O.",
    title = "Inhibition of O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase by S-benzyl-L-cysteine: Differential effects on sulfate assimilation and photosynthesis in maize (Zea mays) and sourgrass (Digitaria insularis).",
    year = "2026",
    journal = "Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB",
    abstract = "The sulfate assimilation pathway is essential for plant metabolism and represents a promising herbicide target. O-Acetylserine (thiol) lyase, the final enzyme in this pathway, plays a key regulatory role. This study investigated the selective effects of S-benzyl-L-cysteine, a novel O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase inhibitor, on maize (Zea mays) and sourgrass (Digitaria insularis), a glyphosate-resistant weed. Seeds and seedlings were treated with S-benzyl-L-cysteine (0.0-5.0 mM), and germination, growth, O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase activity, and photosynthetic parameters were evaluated. Sourgrass was highly sensitive to S-benzyl-L-cysteine, with germination reduced by 53 \% at 2.0 mM and nearly abolished at 5.0 mM. Maize showed tolerance up to 2.0 mM, with growth suppression only at 5.0 mM. S-Benzyl-L-cysteine inhibited O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase activity in roots of both species, more intensely in sourgrass. In leaves, O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase activity increased only in maize, suggesting a compensatory response. Photosynthetic analyses revealed mild effects in maize but pronounced impairment in sourgrass. At 2.0 mM S-benzyl-L-cysteine, maize exhibited moderate reductions in CO2 assimilation (-18 \%), stomatal conductance (-21 \%), transpiration (-16 \%), and the effective quantum yield of PSII (-15 \%), while intercellular CO2 concentration, maximum assimilation rate, maximum carboxylation rate, maximum electron transport rate, and electron transport rate remained unaffected. In sourgrass, S-benzyl-L-cysteine caused sharp declines in CO2 assimilation (-76 \%), stomatal conductance (-81 \%), transpiration (-79 \%), intercellular CO2 concentration (-63 \%), maximum assimilation rate (-62 \%), maximum carboxylation rate (-72 \%), maximum electron transport rate (-67 \%), the effective quantum yield of PSII (-24 \%), electron transport rate (-46 \%), accompanied by a 25 \% increase in non-photochemical quenching. This is the first study to reveal species-specific responses to O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase inhibition in two C4 plants, uncovering sulfur metabolic plasticity as a basis for herbicide selectivity. These findings demonstrate that S-benzyl-L-cysteine selectively impairs sourgrass photosynthesis while sparing maize, likely by differentially affecting sulfur metabolism and photoprotection. O-Acetylserine (thiol) lyase thus emerges as a promising herbicide target. Further research is needed to validate S-benzyl-L-cysteine's efficacy under field conditions.",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e8b026b8d2c4c50a6e0f16f6ccfca6de1ece99f0",
    doi = "10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111024",
    is_oa = "true",
    pages = "111024",
    semanticscholar_id = "e8b026b8d2c4c50a6e0f16f6ccfca6de1ece99f0",
    volume = "231"
}

@article{doi103390agrochemicals5010003,
    author = "de Carvalho Contesoto, Isabela and Boromelo, Ana Paula and da Silva Mendonça, Ana Paula and Corbetta, Cinthia Martins and Comar, Amanda Castro and de Oliveira, Marco Aurélio Schüler and Tomazini, L. F. and de Almeida Junior, João Henrique Vieira and Batista, Marcelo Augusto and Bueno, Paulo Sérgio Alves and Barbeiro, C. and Ferro, A. P. and dos Santos, W. D. and Constantin, R. P. and Ferrarese‐Filho, O. and Marchiosi, R.",
    title = "Differential Effects of O-Benzyl-Serine on Sulfur Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and Growth in Two Species of Weeds",
    year = "2026",
    journal = "Agrochemicals",
    abstract = "Enzymes of the sulfur assimilation pathway represent promising candidates for selective herbicide development. This study investigated the effects of O-benzyl-serine (OBS), a newly identified inhibitor of O-acetylserine(thiol)-lyase (OAS-TL), on two C3 weed species, Ipomoea grandifolia and Euphorbia heterophylla. Plants were cultivated hydroponically for 12 days in the presence of OBS (0–500 µM). OBS inhibited root growth in both species in a dose-dependent manner, with I. grandifolia being more sensitive. OAS-TL activity decreased in the roots of I. grandifolia but increased in the leaves of E. heterophylla. Nutrient profiling revealed significant alterations in sulfur, magnesium, and calcium contents, associated with chlorosis and reduced root and leaf development. While photosynthetic performance appeared unaffected at the lowest OBS concentration tested (62.5 µM), higher doses drastically reduced leaf expansion, preventing further measurements. Given this marked decline in foliar development, it is reasonable to infer that the overall photosynthetic capacity of the plants was also negatively affected under severe OBS exposure. OBS also disrupted apical dominance, promoting lateral shoot formation. These findings demonstrate that OBS differentially affects sulfur metabolism and growth in a species- and organ-specific manner, supporting its potential as a prototype molecule for herbicides targeting novel biochemical pathways.",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ac2920a71a59ccddda307e16702fefa97851f775",
    doi = "10.3390/agrochemicals5010003",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "1",
    pages = "3",
    semanticscholar_id = "ac2920a71a59ccddda307e16702fefa97851f775",
    volume = "5"
}