@misc{kunzig1988the1,
    author = "Kunzig, R",
    title = "The Wolf Effect",
    year = "1988",
    howpublished = "Discover, v. 9, p. 18-20",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Kunzig, R., 1988, The Wolf Effect: Discover, v. 9, p. 18-20.}"
}

@article{gamliel1990wolf,
    author = "Gamliel, Avshalom and Agrawal, Govind P.",
    title = "Wolf effect in homogeneous and inhomogeneous media",
    year = "1990",
    journal = "Journal of the Optical Society of America A",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.7.002184",
    doi = "10.1364/josaa.7.002184",
    number = "12",
    pages = "2184",
    volume = "7"
}

@article{morris1993the,
    author = "Morris, Patrick and Conti, Peter S. and Lamers, Henny J. G. L. M. and Koenigsberger, Gloria",
    title = "The 'Baldwin Effect' in Wolf-Rayet stars",
    year = "1993",
    journal = "The Astrophysical Journal",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1086/186987",
    doi = "10.1086/186987",
    pages = "L25",
    volume = "414"
}

@incollection{varada1993a,
    author = "Varada, G. V.",
    title = "A Microscopic Approach to Wolf Effect",
    year = "1993",
    booktitle = "Recent Developments in Quantum Optics",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2936-1\_47",
    doi = "10.1007/978-1-4615-2936-1\_47",
    pages = "383-386"
}

@article{crossref1996the,
    title = "The wolf effect in spherically symmetric systems",
    year = "1996",
    journal = "Journal of Modern Optics",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/09500349608232755",
    doi = "10.1080/09500349608232755",
    number = "2",
    pages = "433-433",
    volume = "43"
}

@article{vangent1999the,
    author = "van Gent, Jeroen I.",
    title = "The Baldwin-effect in Wolf-Rayet stars",
    year = "1999",
    journal = "Symposium - International Astronomical Union",
    abstract = "Wolf-Rayet model stellar atmospheres are used to show the relation between He II line equivalent widths and continuum luminosity. It is shown that the Baldwin-effect is present in the models. A comparison made to observational data and model calculations by others stimulates further research into the physics of the effect.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900205378",
    doi = "10.1017/s0074180900205378",
    pages = "235-237",
    volume = "193"
}

@phdthesis{dewart2023window,
    author = "Dewart, Lindsey",
    title = "Window of opportunity: examining gray wolf (Canis lupus) diets and seasonal patterns of predation on wood bison (Bison bison athabascae)",
    year = "2023",
    publisher = "University of Alberta Library",
    abstract = "Prey selection by predators is a complex process, with acquisition strategies varying between generalists and specialists. However, generalist predators like wolves (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758), can select prey in response to increases in abundance or vulnerability of the prey, often influenced by environmental conditions. In multi-prey systems that include bison (Bison bison Linnaeus, 1758), this is not always the case, as wolves will often select less dangerous prey. To investigate the predator-prey relationship between wolves and a small (\textasciitilde 275 – 300 individuals) Threatened herd of wood bison (Bison bison athabascae Linnaeus, 1758) in northeast Alberta, Canada, I monitored location data from global positioning system (GPS) collars affixed to both species for one year. I evaluated seasonal differences in wolf diet, the effect of temporal variables on relative bison predation risk by wolves, and space use relative to bison for three wolf packs whose territories overlapped with the bison herd’s home range. I used wolf GPS collar data to find and investigate wolf location cluster sites for prey remains and collected wolf scat to assess seasonal diets. I used consecutive winter days as a measure of winter duration along with daily measures of temperature and snow depth to assess how relative bison predation risk changes through the winter season. Further, I assessed seasonal differences in wolf movements relative to bison to decipher whether wolves were opportunistically preying on bison or actively selecting for them during times of greater bison vulnerability. Seasonal changes in prey selection from beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820) in summer (77\%) to cervids (white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman, 1780) and moose (Alces alces Linnaeus, 1758)) in winter (70\%) was consistent with other boreal systems. Wolves began preying on wood bison later in winter when snow depths exceeded 30 cm. While wolves were within the bison range, they spent significantly more time in areas highly frequented by bison in late winter relative to early winter. This suggests that wood bison predation risk is higher with longer winter durations and deeper snow depths that make them more vulnerable, and wolves respond to the vulnerability of this profitable, but rarely obtainable prey source.",
    url = "https://ualberta.scholaris.ca/handle/123456789/94807",
    doi = "10.7939/r3-bbx3-cr16"
}

@misc{sawada2026cry,
    author = "Sawada, Yohei and Yagi, Ryota and Kawabata, Takuya and Kotani, Hitomu",
    title = "Cry wolf effect in flood early warning",
    year = "2026",
    abstract = "To maximize the potential of advanced flood early warning technologies, it is crucial to understand how effectively flood early warning systems (FEWS) induce preparedness actions from local government, enterprises, and the general public. Repeated false alarms can undermine the credibility of FEWS, making it difficult for stakeholders to take preparedness actions. Although quantifying this “cry wolf effect” is important to design effective FEWS (e.g., setting appropriate warning thresholds), few studies have explored its existence in the context of flood early warning. Can weather agencies become “The boy who cried wolf”? To answer this question, we developed a new dataset which allows for the analysis of the relationship between flood economic losses and weather warning outcomes in Japan from 2002 to 2022. Our multiple regression analysis reveals a statistically significant association of false alarms with flood economic loss: municipalities experiencing higher false alarm ratios over the past 6 to 24 months suffer greater economic damage from floods, holding all other factors constant. This study serves as an initial step toward a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between prediction accuracy, warning criteria, public trust in authorities, and preparedness actions against flooding.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6312936",
    doi = "10.2139/ssrn.6312936"
}

@incollection{guNonethe,
    author = "Gu, Zu-Han and Leskova, Tamara A. and Alexei, Maradudin A. and Ciftan, Mikael",
    title = "The Wolf Effect in Rough Surface Scattering",
    year = "None",
    booktitle = "Tribute to Emil Wolf: Science and Engineering Legacy of Physical Optics",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1117/3.2265063.ch11",
    doi = "10.1117/3.2265063.ch11"
}