Extraterrestrials

@misc{klass1968ufosidentified4,
    author = "Klass, P. J",
    title = "UFOs--Identified",
    year = "1968",
    howpublished = "New York, Random House, 290 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Klass, P. J., 1968, UFOs--Identified: New York, Random House, 290 p.}"
}

@misc{saunders1968ufos7,
    author = "Saunders, D. R. and Harkins, R. R",
    title = "UFO's? Yes!",
    year = "1968",
    howpublished = "Where the Condon Committee Went Wrong: New York, World Publishing Company, 256 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Saunders, D. R., and Harkins, R. R., 1968, UFO's? Yes!: Where the Condon Committee Went Wrong: New York, World Publishing Company, 256 p.}"
}

@misc{vondniken1971gods10,
    author = "von Dniken, E",
    title = "Gods from Outer Space",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 190 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {von Dniken, E., 1971, Gods from Outer Space: New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 190 p.}"
}

@book{page1972ufos6,
    author = "Page, T. and Sagan, C",
    title = "UFOs",
    year = "1972",
    publisher = "A Scientific Debate: Ithaca, New York, Cornell University Press",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Page, T., and Sagan, C., 1972, UFOs: A Scientific Debate: Ithaca, New York, Cornell University Press.}"
}

@misc{story1976the8,
    author = "Story, R",
    title = "The Space Gods Revealed",
    year = "1976",
    howpublished = "New York, Harper \& Row, 139 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Story, R., 1976, The Space Gods Revealed: New York, Harper \& Row, 139 p.}"
}

@article{s2a119bf257cf8a0f1d2013f6de804fa5660efddd6,
    author = "Jung, C.",
    title = "Flying Saucers: A Modern Myth of Things Seen in the Skies",
    year = "1977",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a119bf257cf8a0f1d2013f6de804fa5660efddd6",
    is_oa = "true",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "149",
    semanticscholar_id = "a119bf257cf8a0f1d2013f6de804fa5660efddd6"
}

@misc{hendry1979the1,
    author = "Hendry, A",
    title = "The UFO Handbook",
    year = "1979",
    howpublished = "A Guide to Investigating, Evaluating and Reporting UFO Sightings: Garden City, New York, Doubleday \& Co., 297 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Hendry, A., 1979, The UFO Handbook: A Guide to Investigating, Evaluating and Reporting UFO Sightings: Garden City, New York, Doubleday \& Co., 297 p.}"
}

@book{story1980guardians9,
    author = "Story, R",
    title = "Guardians of the Universe?",
    year = "1980",
    publisher = "New York, St. Martin's Press, 207 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Story, R., 1980, Guardians of the Universe?: New York, St. Martin's Press, 207 p.}"
}

@misc{hoyle1983the2,
    author = "Hoyle, F",
    title = "The Intelligent Universe",
    year = "1983",
    howpublished = "London, Michael Joseph, 256 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Hoyle, F., 1983, The Intelligent Universe: London, Michael Joseph, 256 p.}"
}

@misc{lewin1984alien5,
    author = "Lewin, R",
    title = "Alien beings here on earth",
    year = "1984",
    howpublished = "Science, v. 223, p. 39",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Lewin, R., 1984, Alien beings here on earth: Science, v. 223, p. 39.}"
}

@misc{jackson1987life3,
    author = "Jackson, F. and Moore, P",
    title = "Life in the Universe",
    year = "1987",
    howpublished = "New York, Norton",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Jackson, F., and Moore, P., 1987, Life in the Universe: New York, Norton.}"
}

ABSTRACT After a brief review of environmental ethics this paper examines how terrestrial environmental values can be developed into policies to protect extraterrestrial environments. Shallow environmentalism, deep environmentalism and the libertarian extension of rights are compared and then applied to the environmental protection of extraterrestrial bodies. Some scientific background is given. The planet Mars is used as a test case from which an ethical argument emerges for the protection of environments beyond Earth. The argument is based on the necessity to recognise the intrinsic value of all living species and natural environments. At present, the treatment of extraterrestrial environments by makers of space policy is ethically undernourished. This paper explains why such an attitude endangers those environments and calls for the policy‐makers to incorporate non‐anthropocentric ethics into extraterrestrial environmental policy.

@article{doi101111j146859301993tb00078x,
    author = "Marshall, Alan",
    title = "Ethics and the Extraterrestrial Environment",
    year = "1993",
    journal = "Journal of Applied Philosophy",
    abstract = "ABSTRACT After a brief review of environmental ethics this paper examines how terrestrial environmental values can be developed into policies to protect extraterrestrial environments. Shallow environmentalism, deep environmentalism and the libertarian extension of rights are compared and then applied to the environmental protection of extraterrestrial bodies. Some scientific background is given. The planet Mars is used as a test case from which an ethical argument emerges for the protection of environments beyond Earth. The argument is based on the necessity to recognise the intrinsic value of all living species and natural environments. At present, the treatment of extraterrestrial environments by makers of space policy is ethically undernourished. This paper explains why such an attitude endangers those environments and calls for the policy‐makers to incorporate non‐anthropocentric ethics into extraterrestrial environmental policy.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5930.1993.tb00078.x",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1468-5930.1993.tb00078.x",
    openalex = "W1975814510"
}

@article{porter1996spiritualists,
    author = "Porter, Jennifer E.",
    title = "Spiritualists, Aliens and UFOs: Extraterrestrials as spirit guides",
    year = "1996",
    journal = "Journal of Contemporary Religion",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/13537909608580779",
    doi = "10.1080/13537909608580779",
    number = "3",
    openalex = "W2027798576",
    pages = "337-353",
    volume = "11",
    references = "doi101007978134925249717, doi1010370021843x1024624, doi1015159781400850976307, doi1023071385160, doi1023071867841, doi1023072074340, doi1023072163404, doi102307365811, doi1043249780203759240, openalexw1500043667"
}

@article{doi101023a1006595324510,
    author = "Klein, H.",
    title = "Steven J. Dick, The Biological Universe; The Twentieth-Century Extraterrestrial Life Debate and the Limits of Science",
    year = "1999",
    journal = "Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/febf55f6a006a454d7f4414f03e5e455432f4687",
    doi = "10.1023/A:1006595324510",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "4",
    pages = "437-440",
    semanticscholar_id = "febf55f6a006a454d7f4414f03e5e455432f4687",
    volume = "29"
}

@misc{group2009ufology,
    author = "Group, Alcyon",
    title = "Ufology (UFOs). The extraterrestrials will make rescues before the Apocalypse",
    year = "2009",
    booktitle = "SciVee",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4016/14131.05",
    doi = "10.4016/14131.05",
    openalex = "W4251131356"
}

We want to know – does extraterrestrial life exist or not? This problem is very complex. Modern science is a very powerful instrument for exploration of space phenomena, but for adequate decision and even for understanding the problem of life origin and evolution we need philosophy. Is a scientific method good enough for making decision alone without philosophy, religion and mythology? Let’s consider fundamental features of science and basic principles of life as we know it. Since we don’t know any forms of life but terrestrial, our understanding of what life is is definitely narrow. In historical perspective men looked at the Universe as a living organism. There were many kinds of different conscious but invisible creatures. A modern view is different. We think that life is a tiny island in an inanimate endless space. Where can we find some places appropriate for life inside the Solar System or outside it? Today we know nothing about extraterrestrial life. Our radiotelescopes can’t get signals from the “little green men”. But does UFO really exist? This question touches not only our mind but our heart as well. And if we wish to investigate a problem of life we really need to switch on not only our rational intellect but also other abilities of a human being.

@article{s2412fd0fd9499c7256df0384925157bc82d102fd5,
    author = "Прокопенко, Михаил Васильевич",
    title = "Жизнь во Вселенной. Философские аспекты проблемы поиска",
    year = "2009",
    journal = "Философия и космология",
    abstract = "We want to know – does extraterrestrial life exist or not? This problem is very complex. Modern science is a very powerful instrument for exploration of space phenomena, but for adequate decision and even for understanding the problem of life origin and evolution we need philosophy. Is a scientific method good enough for making decision alone without philosophy, religion and mythology? Let’s consider fundamental features of science and basic principles of life as we know it. Since we don’t know any forms of life but terrestrial, our understanding of what life is is definitely narrow. In historical perspective men looked at the Universe as a living organism. There were many kinds of different conscious but invisible creatures. A modern view is different. We think that life is a tiny island in an inanimate endless space. Where can we find some places appropriate for life inside the Solar System or outside it? Today we know nothing about extraterrestrial life. Our radiotelescopes can’t get signals from the “little green men”. But does UFO really exist? This question touches not only our mind but our heart as well. And if we wish to investigate a problem of life we really need to switch on not only our rational intellect but also other abilities of a human being.",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/412fd0fd9499c7256df0384925157bc82d102fd5",
    is_oa = "true",
    openalex = "W84069557",
    semanticscholar_id = "412fd0fd9499c7256df0384925157bc82d102fd5"
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@article{doi101080147467002010492614,
    author = "Peters, T.",
    title = "ET: Alien Enemy or Celestial Savior?",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "Theology and Science",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4dc3abc66a2f5f383ed36389c97989824c87c5b9",
    doi = "10.1080/14746700.2010.492614",
    is_oa = "true",
    number = "3",
    pages = "245-246",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "1",
    semanticscholar_id = "4dc3abc66a2f5f383ed36389c97989824c87c5b9",
    volume = "8"
}

The introduction will set out the principal theme of the book: that the rise of the U.S. space program was due to a concerted effort by science writers, engineers, industrialists, and civic and political leaders to create a popular culture of space exploration based on important elements of American social life (such as frontier mythology, fears about the cold war, and the rise of the consumer culture). Much of the disillusionment with the NASA space program which set in during the third decade of space flight can be traced to a widening gap between popular expectations and the reality of space exploration.

@book{doi10560219781421402574,
    author = "McCurdy, Howard E.",
    title = "Space and the American Imagination",
    year = "2011",
    booktitle = "Johns Hopkins University Press eBooks",
    abstract = "The introduction will set out the principal theme of the book: that the rise of the U.S. space program was due to a concerted effort by science writers, engineers, industrialists, and civic and political leaders to create a popular culture of space exploration based on important elements of American social life (such as frontier mythology, fears about the cold war, and the rise of the consumer culture). Much of the disillusionment with the NASA space program which set in during the third decade of space flight can be traced to a widening gap between popular expectations and the reality of space exploration.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.56021/9781421402574",
    doi = "10.56021/9781421402574",
    openalex = "W4319780336"
}

@article{doi10105797802303613620009,
    author = "Dick, S.",
    title = "Space, Time and Aliens: The Role of Imagination in Outer Space",
    year = "2012",
    journal = "Space, Time, and Aliens",
    booktitle = "Imagining Outer Space",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d238b198c89222f2f68360af02a0e52426f642da",
    doi = "10.1057/9780230361362.0009",
    is_oa = "true",
    semanticscholar_citation_count = "4",
    semanticscholar_id = "d238b198c89222f2f68360af02a0e52426f642da"
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@article{doi10100797833194260517,
    author = "May, Andrew",
    title = "Technology of the Ancients",
    year = "2017",
    booktitle = "Science and Fiction",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a7aae7f990f2830c5d253895567619dbd3631f79",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-42605-1\_7",
    is_oa = "true",
    pages = "133-154",
    semanticscholar_id = "a7aae7f990f2830c5d253895567619dbd3631f79"
}

SETI, the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, used to seem the cutting edge of available mystery. The Milky Way galaxy is immense, perhaps 400 billion stars, and the entire visible universe holds perhaps hundreds of billions of similar galaxies. If life on Earth is a product of evolution, there must be billions of billions of worlds inhabited by creatures ranging from bacteria to intelligent, conscious alien people, all distinct in form but converging on civilizations capable of listening for radio evidence of others near or preposterously far in space and time, and peppering the heavens with their own messages. If they are there, some nearby will have been able to pick up a century and more of electronic signals tearing out from our world at the speed of light. Yet we hear no faintest answer, no trace of them Out There. Why? Where are they? asked Nobelist Enrico Fermi in 1950, lunching with colleagues, toying with the mid-century hysteria over flying saucers. If our understanding of science is correct, “they” must be there, in profusion if not in UFOs. With this confidence in mind, SETI was established 35 years ago, nearly half a human lifetime, to listen and look for them. After the intervening decades, though, with ever-improving equipment, we still do not detect them. It’s a paradox! It’s “Fermi’s Paradox.” A Serbian astrobiophysicist and astronomer, Milan M. Ćirković, PhD, is a Senior Research Associate at the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade and Assistant Professor of the Department of Physics at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia and Montenegro. On the evidence of this remarkable book, he is an ingenious polymath who shows little patience with SETI researchers who (he claims) fail to keep up with new data, displaying a kind of privileged narrow vision, or perhaps self-protection, in clinging to defunct theories of galaxies and their improbably absent inhabitants. Again, then: Where are they?

@article{s256afc0b0cdced0a5df5315013465fc2517c772f8,
    author = "Broderick, D.",
    title = "The Great Silence: The Science and Philosophy of Fermi’s Paradox by Milan M. Ćirković",
    year = "2019",
    journal = "Journal of Scientific Exploration",
    abstract = "SETI, the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, used to seem the cutting edge of available mystery. The Milky Way galaxy is immense, perhaps 400 billion stars, and the entire visible universe holds perhaps hundreds of billions of similar galaxies. If life on Earth is a product of evolution, there must be billions of billions of worlds inhabited by creatures ranging from bacteria to intelligent, conscious alien people, all distinct in form but converging on civilizations capable of listening for radio evidence of others near or preposterously far in space and time, and peppering the heavens with their own messages. If they are there, some nearby will have been able to pick up a century and more of electronic signals tearing out from our world at the speed of light. Yet we hear no faintest answer, no trace of them Out There. Why? Where are they? asked Nobelist Enrico Fermi in 1950, lunching with colleagues, toying with the mid-century hysteria over flying saucers. If our understanding of science is correct, “they” must be there, in profusion if not in UFOs. With this confidence in mind, SETI was established 35 years ago, nearly half a human lifetime, to listen and look for them. After the intervening decades, though, with ever-improving equipment, we still do not detect them. It’s a paradox! It’s “Fermi’s Paradox.” A Serbian astrobiophysicist and astronomer, Milan M. Ćirković, PhD, is a Senior Research Associate at the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade and Assistant Professor of the Department of Physics at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia and Montenegro. On the evidence of this remarkable book, he is an ingenious polymath who shows little patience with SETI researchers who (he claims) fail to keep up with new data, displaying a kind of privileged narrow vision, or perhaps self-protection, in clinging to defunct theories of galaxies and their improbably absent inhabitants. Again, then: Where are they?",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/56afc0b0cdced0a5df5315013465fc2517c772f8",
    is_oa = "true",
    openalex = "W2995847638",
    semanticscholar_id = "56afc0b0cdced0a5df5315013465fc2517c772f8"
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@incollection{doi101007978303042036914,
    author = "Schwartz, James S.J.",
    title = "The Accessible Universe: On the Choice to Require Bodily Modification for Space Exploration",
    year = "2020",
    booktitle = "Space and society",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42036-9\_14",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-42036-9\_14",
    openalex = "W3048318460",
    references = "doi101017s1473550418000228"
}

Abstract The Value of Science in Space Exploration provides a rigorous assessment of the value of scientific knowledge and understanding in the context of contemporary space exploration. It argues that traditional spaceflight rationales are deficient, and that the strongest defense of spaceflight comes from its potential to produce intrinsically and instrumentally valuable knowledge and understanding. It engages with contemporary epistemology to articulate an account of the intrinsic value of scientific knowledge and understanding. It also parleys with recent work in science policy and social philosophy of science to characterize the instrumental value of scientific research, identifying space research as an effective generator of new knowledge and understanding. These values found an ethical obligation to engage in scientific examination of the space environment. This obligation has important implications for major space policy discussions, including debates surrounding planetary protection policies, space resource exploitation, and human space settlement. Whereas planetary protection policies are currently employed to prevent biological contamination only of sites of interest in the search for extraterrestrial life, it contends that all sites of interest to space science ought to be protected. Meanwhile, space resource exploitation and human space settlement would result in extensive disruption or destruction of pristine space environments. The overall ethical value of these environments in the production of new knowledge and understanding is greater than their value as commercial or real commodities, and thus, exploitation and settlement of space should be avoided until the scientific community adequately understands these environments.

@book{doi101093oso97801900690630010001,
    author = "Schwartz, James S.J.",
    title = "The Value of Science in Space Exploration",
    year = "2020",
    booktitle = "Oxford University Press eBooks",
    abstract = "Abstract The Value of Science in Space Exploration provides a rigorous assessment of the value of scientific knowledge and understanding in the context of contemporary space exploration. It argues that traditional spaceflight rationales are deficient, and that the strongest defense of spaceflight comes from its potential to produce intrinsically and instrumentally valuable knowledge and understanding. It engages with contemporary epistemology to articulate an account of the intrinsic value of scientific knowledge and understanding. It also parleys with recent work in science policy and social philosophy of science to characterize the instrumental value of scientific research, identifying space research as an effective generator of new knowledge and understanding. These values found an ethical obligation to engage in scientific examination of the space environment. This obligation has important implications for major space policy discussions, including debates surrounding planetary protection policies, space resource exploitation, and human space settlement. Whereas planetary protection policies are currently employed to prevent biological contamination only of sites of interest in the search for extraterrestrial life, it contends that all sites of interest to space science ought to be protected. Meanwhile, space resource exploitation and human space settlement would result in extensive disruption or destruction of pristine space environments. The overall ethical value of these environments in the production of new knowledge and understanding is greater than their value as commercial or real commodities, and thus, exploitation and settlement of space should be avoided until the scientific community adequately understands these environments.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190069063.001.0001",
    doi = "10.1093/oso/9780190069063.001.0001",
    openalex = "W3012147236",
    references = "doi101016jpss201311008, doi101017s1473550418000228"
}

Purpose Human fascination in the unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and alien paranormal phenomenon is rich in history, explored widely in popular culture and many personal beliefs exist across society. The tourism industry offers a range of places where consumers can encounter such a phenomenon. Reports continue to highlight the growth in consumers participating at UFO and alien tourism attractions and locations. Significantly, the purpose of this paper is to shine a light on the relationship between UFOs, aliens and the tourism industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes a pragmatic philosophical approach by embracing a multi-disciplinary analysis. This study examines a range of secondary data information, statistics, reports and research studies. Findings By identifying the current impotence of the UFO and alien tourism markets and the growing consumer participation in it, this paper presents a theoretical starting point in the form of a model, which maps the current landscape of the industry from supply and demand perspectives. This study should be seen as a stepping stone towards further research into the UFO and alien tourism industry and provide researchers with a theoretical platform and novel ideas through which to explore the subject. Originality/value The phenomenon includes an established eclectic mix of attractions and likewise tourist motivations for visiting are wide and diverse. However, the subject lacks academic consideration. Thus, this paper presents original research and timely discussions on the topic.

@article{doi101108jtf0220200030,
    author = "Wright, Daniel William Mackenzie",
    title = "Encountering UFOs and aliens in the tourism industry",
    year = "2020",
    journal = "Journal of Tourism Futures",
    abstract = "Purpose Human fascination in the unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and alien paranormal phenomenon is rich in history, explored widely in popular culture and many personal beliefs exist across society. The tourism industry offers a range of places where consumers can encounter such a phenomenon. Reports continue to highlight the growth in consumers participating at UFO and alien tourism attractions and locations. Significantly, the purpose of this paper is to shine a light on the relationship between UFOs, aliens and the tourism industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes a pragmatic philosophical approach by embracing a multi-disciplinary analysis. This study examines a range of secondary data information, statistics, reports and research studies. Findings By identifying the current impotence of the UFO and alien tourism markets and the growing consumer participation in it, this paper presents a theoretical starting point in the form of a model, which maps the current landscape of the industry from supply and demand perspectives. This study should be seen as a stepping stone towards further research into the UFO and alien tourism industry and provide researchers with a theoretical platform and novel ideas through which to explore the subject. Originality/value The phenomenon includes an established eclectic mix of attractions and likewise tourist motivations for visiting are wide and diverse. However, the subject lacks academic consideration. Thus, this paper presents original research and timely discussions on the topic.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1108/jtf-02-2020-0030",
    doi = "10.1108/jtf-02-2020-0030",
    openalex = "W3048843850",
    references = "doi101016jfutures201111004, doi101016jfutures201603021, doi101016jfutures201710002, doi101038s415500190816x, doi101108fs1120180092, doi103389fpsyg201700839, doi103389fpsyg201702308, doi10384720418213aaeda8"
}

This is a chapter from the book, Return of the Aeons: The Planetary Spiritual Ascension (2013). The book’s objective is to explain today's spiritual ascension of earth and humanity at this unique period of planetary history and how the Divine Beings are helping us transcend and transform. The book is part of the literature that is being created about the post-2012 transition. The book is deeply grounded in the author’s own personal experience in working with the spiritual masters, in teaching spirituality to others, and in connecting the spiritual changes with current world events such as the environmental crisis, financial collapse, UFOs, and war and political crises. The book also offers detailed information in the traditions of Gnosticism and the perennial philosophy and provides numerous aids for seekers on establishing and maintaining their own spiritual practice... How, in the face of overwhelming environmental, political, economic, and ethical problems facing humanity, the New Earth is yet in formation and how each individual can be a part of it. Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 199 This is the Space Age, though no one has ever been able to define exactly what that term includes. We know it covers humans in space, satellites, robotic space probes, etc. But how about beings like us living elsewhere in the universe? Of course many “primitive” peoples around the world have had legends that such beings not only exist but were their own ancestors. This includes both the Australian aborigines and some Native American tribes who believe their forebears came from the Pleiades. The media constantly ask, “Are we alone?” But do they want to hear the answer? The idea of UFOs and ETs fits perfectly with this book, because if we are surrounded by Higher Beings who influence human life, maybe some of those beings have come on spaceships and are here now. The following narrative is based on the best sources I have been able to discover, including information from the RA Material and The Nine. UFOs or UFO-like objects have been reported throughout history, including ancient Rome and medieval times. As stated in Part One, researchers such as Erich von Daniken have postulated that UFOs and ETs are the source of many ancient legends of visits from the gods who left traces of their presence in archaeological phenomena such as the Nazca lines in Peru or the pyramids of Egypt. In our own era, military officers, pilots, government officials and citizens from many countries have reliably and extensively documented tens of thousands of UFO sightings for more than six decades. In fact millions of people worldwide have seen UFOs of types that appear to be unlike anything made by earthlings, though it is likely that some sightings are of UFO-like craft built by earth’s governments. Compared to UFOs, there have been far fewer well-documented reports of ET sightings and contacts, but again, the eyewitness reports have been sufficient to establish that ETs are here. Meanwhile, there has been complete denial by the U.S. government that UFOs or ETs even exist, especially after 1969, when the Air Force’s Project Blue Book was terminated. In 1968, Science and Mechanics magazine published accounts of UFO sightings from the Air Force’s official files of Project Blue Book held at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio. The accounts Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 200 appeared in the book, The Official Guide to UFOs (Ace Publishing, 1968). In 1969, Project Blue Book was discontinued permanently, though secret government investigative programs continued. Following are excerpts from official government records, all labeled by the Air Force as “unexplained.” The quotations are from the official Air Force reports. The first publicized UFO sighting of the modern era was by pilot Kenneth Arnold, flying in the vicinity of Mt. Ranier, Washington, on June 24, 1947. The encounter lasted 1 minute, 42 seconds. Arnold observed nine disc-shaped craft two-thirds the size of a DC-4 transport flying at 9,500 ft. at 400 MPH. The objects flew in a chain-like line, as though linked together, spread out over five miles. Arnold was interviewed at length by the Air Force. On March 23, 1966, at 5:05 a.m. in Temple, OK, a man driving a car saw an object like a conventional aircraft without wings or engines but with a “bubble” on top. It rested on supports and had bright forward and aft lights. The observer stopped his car, approached the UFO on the highway and saw “a man wearing a baseball cap enter it by steps from the bottom.” The UFO then rose from the highway and flew off. On November 27, 1960, at 7:30 p.m. in Chula Vista, CA, there was a twenty to thirty minute sighting by seven observers, including two amateur astronomers. They saw a craft that was round with a long antenna and a flashing white light of high intensity running along the pod. They said it “moved all over the sky in huge circles and made dashes at terrific speeds.” On April 24, 1964, at 5:45 p.m. in Socorro, NM, a squad-car police officer saw an eggshaped object the size of a sedan automobile standing on two girder-like legs. It settled to the ground with a retro-rocket that had a bluish-orange flame. According to the report, the officer said he “saw two persons standing beside it dressed in white coveralls; they seemed startled when he arrived at the scene, got back in the object and took off; observer described them as ‘normal in shape, but possibly they were small adults or large kids.’” On September 3, 1965, at 2 a.m. in Exeter, NH, there was an observation by a young man about to enter the Navy and two police officers. They saw five bright red round objects moving in formation. The report stated, “The lights moved over a large field and sometimes fluttered to a Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 201 lower altitude in a maneuver that resembled a falling leaf...These mysterious lights were so bright that they illuminated the surrounding landscape with a red glow.” On a day in the spring of 1966, at 5 a.m., from Atwater, OH, to Freedom, PA, there was a moving observation by two sheriff’s deputies plus eight civilians. They saw a “dazzlingly bright” circular object with an antenna projecting below. The object moved straight ahead of the police car chasing it. After about twenty-five minutes it slowed down, allowed the car to catch up and hovered for a while above the car. Then it was off again, ahead of the car. When it moved too far ahead, it hovered and appeared to wait for the car to catch up with it. On March 14, 1965, at 1:30 a.m. in Everglades, FL, there was an observation by a professional dog-trainer, who saw a circular craft with a dome about twenty-five feet high. Ten feet of the lower portion contained four rows of brightly-lighted windows. When he approached the craft he was hit by a paralyzing beam of light. On June 18 and July 2 and 3, 1965, at the South Pole, there was an observation by Argentine, British and Chilean personnel, including the Chilean Antarctic Commander, who saw a craft “like a gigantic double-convex lens, extremely brilliant but solid.” It had a “zig-zag trajectory, changed speeds and directions often and once hovered motionless at an altitude of about three miles for about fifteen minutes. Another time it stopped suddenly from high speed to hover motionless for twenty minutes.” On December 13, 1961, at 5:05 p.m. in Washington, D.C., there was an observation by three men in car, including an ex-Navy pilot/flight instructor, who saw a “diamondshaped craft about the size of a Piper Cub if it were squared off.” The craft gave off a pulsating brown-orange glow underneath the center as it passed over in a straight line at an altitude of 1,200-1,500 feet. Again, these are official U.S. government records, including accounts of investigations by trained Air Force personnel. The last entry on the sighting in Washington, D.C., was particularly interesting to me because it took place on Virginia Avenue near the State Department a couple of blocks from where I worked at the U.S. Civil Service Commission. Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 202 On November 9, 1965, came the great Northeastern blackout, where the states of New York and New Jersey, the Canadian province of Ontario and most of New England experienced a complete power failure lasting twelve hours to the minute, where thirty million people were without electricity. The New York Times reported that 800,000 were trapped in subways when the power went off. UFO researchers claimed that the lights went out when military fighter planes gave chase to a UFO over New York state. The official version, which was never proven, was that personnel incorrectly set a protective device on an electrical relay line. Despite the innocuous cover story, after the incident electric companies made major upgrades to protect their systems from electromagnetic radiation. Researchers postulate that electromagnetism is a common means of UFO propulsion. Electromagnetic energy is routinely detected at crop circle sites where UFOs also have been reported. NASA “officially” denies any knowledge of UFOs or ETs, which is absurd. When I moved to Washington, D.C., in 1970 one of the first people I met was a man who worked for the NASA office that was engaged in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). NASA had been quietly seeking intelligent life elsewhere since it was founded. Government denials in this and other areas mean nothing. Government officials are trained to lie to outsiders. It’s called “security.” Over the years there has been a steady stream of alleged sightings coming from NASA of UFOs tracking and accompa

@article{doi1050409781350149663ch002,
    author = "Goldbarth, Albert",
    title = "Otherworlds",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Prophetic Culture",
    booktitle = "Prophetic Culture",
    abstract = "This is a chapter from the book, Return of the Aeons: The Planetary Spiritual Ascension (2013). The book’s objective is to explain today's spiritual ascension of earth and humanity at this unique period of planetary history and how the Divine Beings are helping us transcend and transform. The book is part of the literature that is being created about the post-2012 transition. The book is deeply grounded in the author’s own personal experience in working with the spiritual masters, in teaching spirituality to others, and in connecting the spiritual changes with current world events such as the environmental crisis, financial collapse, UFOs, and war and political crises. The book also offers detailed information in the traditions of Gnosticism and the perennial philosophy and provides numerous aids for seekers on establishing and maintaining their own spiritual practice... How, in the face of overwhelming environmental, political, economic, and ethical problems facing humanity, the New Earth is yet in formation and how each individual can be a part of it. Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 199 This is the Space Age, though no one has ever been able to define exactly what that term includes. We know it covers humans in space, satellites, robotic space probes, etc. But how about beings like us living elsewhere in the universe? Of course many “primitive” peoples around the world have had legends that such beings not only exist but were their own ancestors. This includes both the Australian aborigines and some Native American tribes who believe their forebears came from the Pleiades. The media constantly ask, “Are we alone?” But do they want to hear the answer? The idea of UFOs and ETs fits perfectly with this book, because if we are surrounded by Higher Beings who influence human life, maybe some of those beings have come on spaceships and are here now. The following narrative is based on the best sources I have been able to discover, including information from the RA Material and The Nine. UFOs or UFO-like objects have been reported throughout history, including ancient Rome and medieval times. As stated in Part One, researchers such as Erich von Daniken have postulated that UFOs and ETs are the source of many ancient legends of visits from the gods who left traces of their presence in archaeological phenomena such as the Nazca lines in Peru or the pyramids of Egypt. In our own era, military officers, pilots, government officials and citizens from many countries have reliably and extensively documented tens of thousands of UFO sightings for more than six decades. In fact millions of people worldwide have seen UFOs of types that appear to be unlike anything made by earthlings, though it is likely that some sightings are of UFO-like craft built by earth’s governments. Compared to UFOs, there have been far fewer well-documented reports of ET sightings and contacts, but again, the eyewitness reports have been sufficient to establish that ETs are here. Meanwhile, there has been complete denial by the U.S. government that UFOs or ETs even exist, especially after 1969, when the Air Force’s Project Blue Book was terminated. In 1968, Science and Mechanics magazine published accounts of UFO sightings from the Air Force’s official files of Project Blue Book held at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio. The accounts Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 200 appeared in the book, The Official Guide to UFOs (Ace Publishing, 1968). In 1969, Project Blue Book was discontinued permanently, though secret government investigative programs continued. Following are excerpts from official government records, all labeled by the Air Force as “unexplained.” The quotations are from the official Air Force reports. The first publicized UFO sighting of the modern era was by pilot Kenneth Arnold, flying in the vicinity of Mt. Ranier, Washington, on June 24, 1947. The encounter lasted 1 minute, 42 seconds. Arnold observed nine disc-shaped craft two-thirds the size of a DC-4 transport flying at 9,500 ft. at 400 MPH. The objects flew in a chain-like line, as though linked together, spread out over five miles. Arnold was interviewed at length by the Air Force. On March 23, 1966, at 5:05 a.m. in Temple, OK, a man driving a car saw an object like a conventional aircraft without wings or engines but with a “bubble” on top. It rested on supports and had bright forward and aft lights. The observer stopped his car, approached the UFO on the highway and saw “a man wearing a baseball cap enter it by steps from the bottom.” The UFO then rose from the highway and flew off. On November 27, 1960, at 7:30 p.m. in Chula Vista, CA, there was a twenty to thirty minute sighting by seven observers, including two amateur astronomers. They saw a craft that was round with a long antenna and a flashing white light of high intensity running along the pod. They said it “moved all over the sky in huge circles and made dashes at terrific speeds.” On April 24, 1964, at 5:45 p.m. in Socorro, NM, a squad-car police officer saw an eggshaped object the size of a sedan automobile standing on two girder-like legs. It settled to the ground with a retro-rocket that had a bluish-orange flame. According to the report, the officer said he “saw two persons standing beside it dressed in white coveralls; they seemed startled when he arrived at the scene, got back in the object and took off; observer described them as ‘normal in shape, but possibly they were small adults or large kids.’” On September 3, 1965, at 2 a.m. in Exeter, NH, there was an observation by a young man about to enter the Navy and two police officers. They saw five bright red round objects moving in formation. The report stated, “The lights moved over a large field and sometimes fluttered to a Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 201 lower altitude in a maneuver that resembled a falling leaf...These mysterious lights were so bright that they illuminated the surrounding landscape with a red glow.” On a day in the spring of 1966, at 5 a.m., from Atwater, OH, to Freedom, PA, there was a moving observation by two sheriff’s deputies plus eight civilians. They saw a “dazzlingly bright” circular object with an antenna projecting below. The object moved straight ahead of the police car chasing it. After about twenty-five minutes it slowed down, allowed the car to catch up and hovered for a while above the car. Then it was off again, ahead of the car. When it moved too far ahead, it hovered and appeared to wait for the car to catch up with it. On March 14, 1965, at 1:30 a.m. in Everglades, FL, there was an observation by a professional dog-trainer, who saw a circular craft with a dome about twenty-five feet high. Ten feet of the lower portion contained four rows of brightly-lighted windows. When he approached the craft he was hit by a paralyzing beam of light. On June 18 and July 2 and 3, 1965, at the South Pole, there was an observation by Argentine, British and Chilean personnel, including the Chilean Antarctic Commander, who saw a craft “like a gigantic double-convex lens, extremely brilliant but solid.” It had a “zig-zag trajectory, changed speeds and directions often and once hovered motionless at an altitude of about three miles for about fifteen minutes. Another time it stopped suddenly from high speed to hover motionless for twenty minutes.” On December 13, 1961, at 5:05 p.m. in Washington, D.C., there was an observation by three men in car, including an ex-Navy pilot/flight instructor, who saw a “diamondshaped craft about the size of a Piper Cub if it were squared off.” The craft gave off a pulsating brown-orange glow underneath the center as it passed over in a straight line at an altitude of 1,200-1,500 feet. Again, these are official U.S. government records, including accounts of investigations by trained Air Force personnel. The last entry on the sighting in Washington, D.C., was particularly interesting to me because it took place on Virginia Avenue near the State Department a couple of blocks from where I worked at the U.S. Civil Service Commission. Exopolitics Journal 4:2 (December 2013). ISSN 1938-1719 www.exopoliticsjournal.com Richard Cook, “Other Worlds” 202 On November 9, 1965, came the great Northeastern blackout, where the states of New York and New Jersey, the Canadian province of Ontario and most of New England experienced a complete power failure lasting twelve hours to the minute, where thirty million people were without electricity. The New York Times reported that 800,000 were trapped in subways when the power went off. UFO researchers claimed that the lights went out when military fighter planes gave chase to a UFO over New York state. The official version, which was never proven, was that personnel incorrectly set a protective device on an electrical relay line. Despite the innocuous cover story, after the incident electric companies made major upgrades to protect their systems from electromagnetic radiation. Researchers postulate that electromagnetism is a common means of UFO propulsion. Electromagnetic energy is routinely detected at crop circle sites where UFOs also have been reported. NASA “officially” denies any knowledge of UFOs or ETs, which is absurd. When I moved to Washington, D.C., in 1970 one of the first people I met was a man who worked for the NASA office that was engaged in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). NASA had been quietly seeking intelligent life elsewhere since it was founded. Government denials in this and other areas mean nothing. Government officials are trained to lie to outsiders. It’s called “security.” Over the years there has been a steady stream of alleged sightings coming from NASA of UFOs tracking and accompa",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c21c74784d4d1cac57a39bfe60d2c1a5eb1e1f43",
    doi = "10.5040/9781350149663.ch-002",
    is_oa = "true",
    semanticscholar_id = "c21c74784d4d1cac57a39bfe60d2c1a5eb1e1f43"
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@article{doi101007978303129923025,
    author = "Mecusker, Eric D",
    title = "Memorial Spaceflights and Extraterrestrial Burial.",
    year = "2023",
    journal = "Cancer treatment and research",
    booktitle = "Cancer Treatment and Research",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1e309b3ec99eb2cfc84af3545de57e3b43d85c2e",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0\_25",
    is_oa = "true",
    pages = "341-345",
    semanticscholar_id = "1e309b3ec99eb2cfc84af3545de57e3b43d85c2e"
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Abstract “Greening the Universe: The Case for Ecocentric Space Expansion” puts forth the claim that while humanity’s greatest immediate challenge is to survive the next century or two, our greatest achievement will be eventually greening the universe and bringing it to life. The idea of becoming multiplanetary is relevant to many moral values inherent in the Earth ecosphere. Contrary to many of my fellow environmentalists’ hesitation toward a civilizational expansion into space, this chapter makes a deeply environmental case for space expansion. Specifically, it advances an argument for ecocentric space expansion and an ecocentric argument for space expansion: the long-term space future is about the continuation and potentiality of the total story of life on and from Earth.

@incollection{doi101093oso97801976047930030027,
    author = "Owe, Andrea",
    title = "Greening the Universe",
    year = "2023",
    booktitle = "Oxford University Press eBooks",
    abstract = "Abstract “Greening the Universe: The Case for Ecocentric Space Expansion” puts forth the claim that while humanity’s greatest immediate challenge is to survive the next century or two, our greatest achievement will be eventually greening the universe and bringing it to life. The idea of becoming multiplanetary is relevant to many moral values inherent in the Earth ecosphere. Contrary to many of my fellow environmentalists’ hesitation toward a civilizational expansion into space, this chapter makes a deeply environmental case for space expansion. Specifically, it advances an argument for ecocentric space expansion and an ecocentric argument for space expansion: the long-term space future is about the continuation and potentiality of the total story of life on and from Earth.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197604793.003.0027",
    doi = "10.1093/oso/9780197604793.003.0027",
    openalex = "W4321603761",
    references = "doi101017s1473550418000228"
}

Abstract Astrobiocentrism is a vision that places us in a scenario of confirmation of life in the universe, either as a second genesis or as an expansion of humanity in space. It manages to raise consistent arguments in relation to questions such as what would happen to knowledge if life were confirmed in the universe, how would this change the way we understand our place in the cosmos? Astrobiocentrism raises a series of reflections in the context of confirmed discovery, and it develops concepts that work directly with what would happen after irrefutable evidence has been obtained that we are not alone in space. Unlike biocentrism or ecocentrism, the astrobiocentric view is not limited to the Earth-centric perspective, and for it incorporates a multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary understanding. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to make a reflection on the astrobiocentric issues related to the challenges and problems of the discovery of life in the universe and the expansion of mankind into space. Here we explore some aspects of the transition from biogeocentrism to astrobiocentrism, astrobiosemiotics, homo mensura, moral community, planetary sustainability and astrotheology.

@article{doi101017s1473550424000016,
    author = "Chon-Torres, Octavio A. and Chela-Flores, Julián and Dunér, David and Persson, Erik and Milligan, Tony and Martínez‐Frías, Jesús and Lösch, Andreas and Pryor, Adam and Murga-Moreno, César Andreé",
    title = "Astrobiocentrism: reflections on challenges in the transition to a vision of life and humanity in space",
    year = "2024",
    journal = "International Journal of Astrobiology",
    abstract = "Abstract Astrobiocentrism is a vision that places us in a scenario of confirmation of life in the universe, either as a second genesis or as an expansion of humanity in space. It manages to raise consistent arguments in relation to questions such as what would happen to knowledge if life were confirmed in the universe, how would this change the way we understand our place in the cosmos? Astrobiocentrism raises a series of reflections in the context of confirmed discovery, and it develops concepts that work directly with what would happen after irrefutable evidence has been obtained that we are not alone in space. Unlike biocentrism or ecocentrism, the astrobiocentric view is not limited to the Earth-centric perspective, and for it incorporates a multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary understanding. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to make a reflection on the astrobiocentric issues related to the challenges and problems of the discovery of life in the universe and the expansion of mankind into space. Here we explore some aspects of the transition from biogeocentrism to astrobiocentrism, astrobiosemiotics, homo mensura, moral community, planetary sustainability and astrotheology.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1473550424000016",
    doi = "10.1017/s1473550424000016",
    openalex = "W4391660500",
    references = "doi103389fpsyg201702308"
}

Unexplained phenomena seen in the sky are a source of impressions that range from fear, awe, inspiration, and wonder. They’ve inspired interpretations as varied as lost souls from purgatory, armor-like flying shields, to contemporary belief in extraterrestrials (aliens) and their spaceships (Unidentified Flying Objects [UFOs]). It has been argued that the belief in UFOs corresponds to the Cold War and Space Race era of US history (1945–1991), but a review of sources indicates that beliefs that other planets are populated by nonhuman intelligent beings are found in written sources of the Western tradition since ancient Greece and earlier as attested to by the oral traditions of many indigenous cultures. Beliefs that nonhuman intelligences populate other dimensions and establish communication with human beings is also found in ancient and contemporary religious and esoteric traditions. These testimonies form core tenets of various cosmologies that range from those found within Hopi culture, esoteric movements like Rosicrucianism, and modern religious movements such as The Nation of Islam. The contemporary belief in UFOs and aliens in the United States has taken on uniquely distinct characteristics. Mass media in the 20th century circulated tropes of the alien invasion to a global audience, while the beginning of the Space Race resulted in manufactured aerial objects in the skies like satellites and spacecraft debris. The UFO hoax emerged as an interpretive lens through which UFOs were staged as simultaneously objects of belief and disbelief, one consequence of which was to destabilize conventional systematic methods of research into the phenomena. These developments, combined with the revelation that the US Air Force actively managed the public perception of UFOs through programs like Project Blue Book, contributed to a modern narrative that UFOs exist and that some governments know this and are keeping this information from the public. Although most of the UFOs analyzed were found to be of terrestrial origin, some remain legitimately unknown. In June 2021, the US Office of the Director of National Intelligence released an unclassified report of its findings. The group charged with compiling the report changed the name of the phenomena from UFOs to UAPs (Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena) to account for vehicular presence through transmedia phenomena such as water, air, space, or other mediums. Revelations about classified studies provoked the modern Disclosure movement, the goal of which is to prompt the US government to release information about its research programs. With the US government declaring that it studies UFOs, academics have also begun the public study without fear of stigma, augmenting the already advanced study of the topic by a parallel research tradition that consists of researchers who have had to use clandestine means to study and publish their research due to the stigma and classification associated with the topic.

@misc{pasulka2024ufos,
    author = "Pasulka, Diana Walsh",
    title = "UFOs, UAPs, Aliens, and Extraterrestrials",
    year = "2024",
    booktitle = "Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Literature",
    abstract = "Unexplained phenomena seen in the sky are a source of impressions that range from fear, awe, inspiration, and wonder. They’ve inspired interpretations as varied as lost souls from purgatory, armor-like flying shields, to contemporary belief in extraterrestrials (aliens) and their spaceships (Unidentified Flying Objects [UFOs]). It has been argued that the belief in UFOs corresponds to the Cold War and Space Race era of US history (1945–1991), but a review of sources indicates that beliefs that other planets are populated by nonhuman intelligent beings are found in written sources of the Western tradition since ancient Greece and earlier as attested to by the oral traditions of many indigenous cultures. Beliefs that nonhuman intelligences populate other dimensions and establish communication with human beings is also found in ancient and contemporary religious and esoteric traditions. These testimonies form core tenets of various cosmologies that range from those found within Hopi culture, esoteric movements like Rosicrucianism, and modern religious movements such as The Nation of Islam. The contemporary belief in UFOs and aliens in the United States has taken on uniquely distinct characteristics. Mass media in the 20th century circulated tropes of the alien invasion to a global audience, while the beginning of the Space Race resulted in manufactured aerial objects in the skies like satellites and spacecraft debris. The UFO hoax emerged as an interpretive lens through which UFOs were staged as simultaneously objects of belief and disbelief, one consequence of which was to destabilize conventional systematic methods of research into the phenomena. These developments, combined with the revelation that the US Air Force actively managed the public perception of UFOs through programs like Project Blue Book, contributed to a modern narrative that UFOs exist and that some governments know this and are keeping this information from the public. Although most of the UFOs analyzed were found to be of terrestrial origin, some remain legitimately unknown. In June 2021, the US Office of the Director of National Intelligence released an unclassified report of its findings. The group charged with compiling the report changed the name of the phenomena from UFOs to UAPs (Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena) to account for vehicular presence through transmedia phenomena such as water, air, space, or other mediums. Revelations about classified studies provoked the modern Disclosure movement, the goal of which is to prompt the US government to release information about its research programs. With the US government declaring that it studies UFOs, academics have also begun the public study without fear of stigma, augmenting the already advanced study of the topic by a parallel research tradition that consists of researchers who have had to use clandestine means to study and publish their research due to the stigma and classification associated with the topic.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190201098.013.1348",
    doi = "10.1093/acrefore/9780190201098.013.1348",
    openalex = "W4405209546"
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Key words: Hayk (Orion), anomalous zones, Aragats, UFO, aliens, memorants, paleocontact UFO urban legends in contemporary Armenian folklore represent a unique intersection of mythology, historical memory, and humanity’s quest to understand its place in the universe. These legends not only reflect interest in paleovisits and modern extraterrestrial contacts, but also serve as an important cultural mechanism that allow society to connect with its roots to ancient civilizations. Stories of contacts with extraterrestrial beings, ancient legends, and UFO images on rock carvings highlight the richness of Armenian mythology and cultural heritage. For example, petroglyphs found in various mountain ranges, the Zorats Karer complex, etc., are not only of archaeological value, but also a source of inspiration for UFO interpretations that arise interest among both researchers and the general public. Contemporary UFO theories, based on ancient myths, provide a new version of old narratives. They encourage us to reconsider our understanding of history and possible interactions between human civilizations and extraterrestrial life forms. Armenian culture, with its rich mythological traditions and interest in space, continues to motivate a new generation of UFO researchers and astronomy enthusiasts.

@article{doi10587262738291520251hs75,
    author = "Tadevosyan, T.",
    title = "UFO Urban Legends in Contemporary Armenian Folklore",
    year = "2025",
    journal = "Scientific Proceedings of Vanadzor State University. Humanities and Social Sciences",
    abstract = "Key words: Hayk (Orion), anomalous zones, Aragats, UFO, aliens, memorants, paleocontact UFO urban legends in contemporary Armenian folklore represent a unique intersection of mythology, historical memory, and humanity’s quest to understand its place in the universe. These legends not only reflect interest in paleovisits and modern extraterrestrial contacts, but also serve as an important cultural mechanism that allow society to connect with its roots to ancient civilizations. Stories of contacts with extraterrestrial beings, ancient legends, and UFO images on rock carvings highlight the richness of Armenian mythology and cultural heritage. For example, petroglyphs found in various mountain ranges, the Zorats Karer complex, etc., are not only of archaeological value, but also a source of inspiration for UFO interpretations that arise interest among both researchers and the general public. Contemporary UFO theories, based on ancient myths, provide a new version of old narratives. They encourage us to reconsider our understanding of history and possible interactions between human civilizations and extraterrestrial life forms. Armenian culture, with its rich mythological traditions and interest in space, continues to motivate a new generation of UFO researchers and astronomy enthusiasts.",
    url = "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a46e07b8747d907ef0d6ea0850b7c5eaaf9a353d",
    doi = "10.58726/27382915-2025.1hs-75",
    is_oa = "true",
    pages = "75-90",
    semanticscholar_id = "a46e07b8747d907ef0d6ea0850b7c5eaaf9a353d"
}

@incollection{gunter2025stories,
    author = "Gunter, Barrie",
    title = "Stories about Extraterrestrials and UFOs",
    year = "2025",
    booktitle = "The Psychology of Public Belief in Unexplained Phenomena",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003638124-8",
    doi = "10.4324/9781003638124-8",
    openalex = "W4415667728",
    pages = "139-160"
}

@incollection{gunter2025ufos,
    author = "Gunter, Barrie",
    title = "UFOs and Extraterrestrials on Earth",
    year = "2025",
    booktitle = "The Psychology of Public Belief in Unexplained Phenomena",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003638124-3",
    doi = "10.4324/9781003638124-3",
    openalex = "W4415667734",
    pages = "35-50"
}