Population biology

@misc{wright1931evolution48,
    author = "Wright, S",
    title = "Evolution in Mendelian populations",
    year = "1931",
    howpublished = "Genetics, v. 16, p. 97- 159",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Wright, S., 1931, Evolution in Mendelian populations: Genetics, v. 16, p. 97- 159.}"
}

@book{baker1938the12,
    author = "Baker, J. R",
    title = "The Evolution of Breeding Systems, in Evolution, Essays presented to E.S. Goodrich",
    year = "1938",
    publisher = "Oxford, Oxford University Press",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Baker, J. R., 1938, The Evolution of Breeding Systems, in Evolution, Essays presented to E.S. Goodrich: Oxford, Oxford University Press.}"
}

@book{elton1942voles43,
    author = "Elton, C. S",
    title = "Voles, mice and lemmings",
    year = "1942",
    publisher = "problems in population dynamics: London, England, Oxford University Press, 496 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Elton, C. S., 1942, Voles, mice and lemmings: problems in population dynamics: London, England, Oxford University Press, 496 p.}"
}

@article{deevey1947life39,
    author = "Deevey, E. S. and Jr",
    title = "Life tables for natural populations of animals",
    year = "1947",
    journal = "Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 22, p. 283-314",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Deevey, E. S., Jr., 1947, Life tables for natural populations of animals: Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 22, p. 283-314.}"
}

@article{birch1948the16,
    author = "Birch, L. C",
    title = "The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population",
    year = "1948",
    journal = "Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 16, p. 15-26",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Birch, L. C., 1948, The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 16, p. 15-26.}"
}

@article{davidson1948annual35,
    author = "Davidson, J. and Andrewartha, H. G",
    title = "Annual trends in a natural population of Thrips imaginis (Thysanoptera)",
    year = "1948",
    journal = "Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 17, p. 193-222",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Davidson, J., and Andrewartha, H. G., 1948, Annual trends in a natural population of Thrips imaginis (Thysanoptera): Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 17, p. 193-222.}"
}

@article{cole1951population31,
    author = "Cole, L. C",
    title = "Population cycles and random oscillations",
    year = "1951",
    journal = "Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 15, p. 233-251",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Cole, L. C., 1951, Population cycles and random oscillations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 15, p. 233-251.}"
}

@article{andrewartha1953the4,
    author = "Andrewartha, H. G. and Birch, L. C",
    title = "The Lotka-Volterra theory of interspecific competition",
    year = "1953",
    journal = "Aust. Journal Zoology, v. 1, p. 174-177",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Andrewartha, H. G., and Birch, L. C., 1953, The Lotka-Volterra theory of interspecific competition: Aust. Journal Zoology, v. 1, p. 174-177.}"
}

@misc{birch1953experimental17,
    author = "Birch, L. C",
    title = "Experimental background to the study of the distribution and abundance of insects. III. The relations between innate capacity for increase and survival of different species of beetles living together on the same food",
    year = "1953",
    howpublished = "Evolution, v. 7, p. 136-144",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Birch, L. C., 1953, Experimental background to the study of the distribution and abundance of insects. III. The relations between innate capacity for increase and survival of different species of beetles living together on the same food: Evolution, v. 7, p. 136-144.}"
}

@book{andrewartha1954the5,
    author = "Andrewartha, H. G. and Birch, L. C",
    title = "The Distribution and Abundance of Animals",
    year = "1954",
    publisher = "Chicago, Illinois, University of Chicago Press, 782 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Andrewartha, H. G., and Birch, L. C., 1954, The Distribution and Abundance of Animals: Chicago, Illinois, University of Chicago Press, 782 p.}"
}

@article{cole1954some32,
    author = "Cole, L. C",
    title = "Some features of random cycles",
    year = "1954",
    journal = "Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 18, p. 2-24",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Cole, L. C., 1954, Some features of random cycles: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 18, p. 2-24.}"
}

@article{cole1954the33,
    author = "Cole, L. C",
    title = "The population consequences of life history phenonema",
    year = "1954",
    journal = "Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 29, p. 103-137",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Cole, L. C., 1954, The population consequences of life history phenonema: Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 29, p. 103-137.}"
}

@article{bertalanffy1957quantitative14,
    author = "Bertalanffy, L",
    title = "Quantitative laws in metabolism and growth",
    year = "1957",
    journal = "Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 32, p. 217-231",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Bertalanffy, L., 1957, Quantitative laws in metabolism and growth: Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 32, p. 217-231.}"
}

@misc{beverton1957on15,
    author = "Beverton, R. J. H. and Holt, S. J",
    title = "On the dynamics of exploited fish populations",
    year = "1957",
    howpublished = "Great Brit. Min. Agr. Fish, Food, Fish. Invest., v. 19, p. 1- 533; Series 2",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Beverton, R. J. H., and Holt, S. J., 1957, On the dynamics of exploited fish populations: Great Brit. Min. Agr. Fish, Food, Fish. Invest., v. 19, p. 1- 533; Series 2.}"
}

@misc{birch1957the18,
    author = "Birch, L. C",
    title = "The meanings of competition",
    year = "1957",
    howpublished = "American Naturalist, v. 91, p. 5-18",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Birch, L. C., 1957, The meanings of competition: American Naturalist, v. 91, p. 5-18.}"
}

@misc{elton1958the44,
    author = "Elton, C. S",
    title = "The ecology of invasions by animals and plants",
    year = "1958",
    howpublished = "London, England, Methuen, 181 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Elton, C. S., 1958, The ecology of invasions by animals and plants: London, England, Methuen, 181 p.}"
}

@misc{bartlett1960stochastic13,
    author = "Bartlett, M. S",
    title = "Stochastic Population Models in Ecology and Epidemiology",
    year = "1960",
    howpublished = "London, Methuen, 90 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Bartlett, M. S., 1960, Stochastic Population Models in Ecology and Epidemiology: London, Methuen, 90 p.}"
}

@book{blair1960the20,
    author = "Blair, W. F",
    title = "The Rusty Lizard. A Population Study",
    year = "1960",
    publisher = "Austin, Texas, University of Texas Press, 185 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Blair, W. F., 1960, The Rusty Lizard. A Population Study: Austin, Texas, University of Texas Press, 185 p.}"
}

@article{chitty1960population26,
    author = "Chitty, D",
    title = "Population processes in the vole and their relevance to general theory",
    year = "1960",
    journal = "Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 38, p. 99-113",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Chitty, D., 1960, Population processes in the vole and their relevance to general theory: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 38, p. 99-113.}"
}

@misc{deevey1960population38,
    author = "Deevey, E. S",
    title = "Population",
    year = "1960",
    howpublished = "Scientific American, v. 203, no. 5, p. 194-204",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Deevey, E. S., 1960, Population: Scientific American, v. 203, no. 5, p. 194-204.}"
}

@misc{andrewartha1961introduction2,
    author = "Andrewartha, H. G",
    title = "Introduction to the Study of Animal Populations",
    year = "1961",
    howpublished = "London, Methuen, 281 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Andrewartha, H. G., 1961, Introduction to the Study of Animal Populations: London, Methuen, 281 p.}"
}

@misc{andrewartha1963density3,
    author = "Andrewartha, H. G",
    title = "Density dependence in the Australian thrips",
    year = "1963",
    howpublished = "Ecology, v. 44, p. 218- 220",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Andrewartha, H. G., 1963, Density dependence in the Australian thrips: Ecology, v. 44, p. 218- 220.}"
}

@misc{ashmole1963the7,
    author = "Ashmole, N. P",
    title = "The regulation of numbers of tropical ocean birds",
    year = "1963",
    howpublished = "Ibis, v. 103b, p. 458-473",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Ashmole, N. P., 1963, The regulation of numbers of tropical ocean birds: Ibis, v. 103b, p. 458-473.}"
}

@misc{christian1964endocrines29,
    author = "Christian, J. J. and Davis, D. E",
    title = "Endocrines, behavior, and populations",
    year = "1964",
    howpublished = "Science, v. 146, p. 1550-1560",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Christian, J. J., and Davis, D. E., 1964, Endocrines, behavior, and populations: Science, v. 146, p. 1550-1560.}"
}

@misc{appleman1965the6,
    author = "Appleman, P",
    title = "The Silent Explosion",
    year = "1965",
    howpublished = "Boston, Beacon",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Appleman, P., 1965, The Silent Explosion: Boston, Beacon.}"
}

@book{cole1965dynamics34,
    author = "Cole, L. C",
    title = "Dynamics of Animal Population Growth, in Sheps, M. C., and Ridley, J. C., eds., Public Health and Population Change",
    year = "1965",
    publisher = "Pittsburgh, Penn., University of Pittsburgh Press, p. 221-241",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Cole, L. C., 1965, Dynamics of Animal Population Growth, in Sheps, M. C., and Ridley, J. C., eds., Public Health and Population Change: Pittsburgh, Penn., University of Pittsburgh Press, p. 221-241.}"
}

@misc{birch1967evolutionary19,
    author = "Birch, L. C. and Ehrlich, P. R",
    title = "Evolutionary History and Population Biology",
    year = "1967",
    howpublished = "Nature, v. 214, p. 349-352",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Birch, L. C., and Ehrlich, P. R., 1967, Evolutionary History and Population Biology: Nature, v. 214, p. 349-352.}"
}

@misc{brooks1967population23,
    author = "Brooks, G. R. and Jr",
    title = "Population ecology of the ground skink, Lygosoma laterale (Say)",
    year = "1967",
    howpublished = "Ecological Monographs, v. 37, p. 71-87",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Brooks, G. R., Jr., 1967, Population ecology of the ground skink, Lygosoma laterale (Say): Ecological Monographs, v. 37, p. 71-87.}"
}

@inproceedings{chitty1967the27,
    author = "Chitty, D",
    title = "The natural selection of self-regulatory behavior in animal populations",
    year = "1967",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia, v. 2, p. 51-78",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Chitty, D., 1967, The natural selection of self-regulatory behavior in animal populations: Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia, v. 2, p. 51-78.}"
}

@misc{chitty1967what28,
    author = "Chitty, D",
    title = "What regulates bird populations?",
    year = "1967",
    howpublished = "Ecology, v. 48, p. 698-701",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Chitty, D., 1967, What regulates bird populations?: Ecology, v. 48, p. 698-701.}"
}

@misc{clark1967the30,
    author = "Clark, L. R. and Geier, P. W. and Hughes, R. D. and Morris, R. F",
    title = "The Ecology of Insect Populations in Theory and Practice",
    year = "1967",
    howpublished = "London, Methuen, 232 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Clark, L. R., Geier, P. W., Hughes, R. D., and Morris, R. F., 1967, The Ecology of Insect Populations in Theory and Practice: London, Methuen, 232 p.}"
}

@misc{ehrlich1967the42,
    author = "Ehrlich, P. R. and Birch, L. C",
    title = {The balance of nature" and "population control},
    year = "1967",
    howpublished = "American Naturalist, v. 101, p. 97-107",
    note = {talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Ehrlich, P. R., and Birch, L. C., 1967, "The balance of nature" and "population control": American Naturalist, v. 101, p. 97-107.}}
}

@misc{erlich1967evolutionary46,
    author = "Erlich, P. and Birch, L. C",
    title = "Evolutionary history and population biology",
    year = "1967",
    howpublished = "Nature, v. 214, p. 349-352",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Erlich, P., and Birch, L. C., 1967, Evolutionary history and population biology: Nature, v. 214, p. 349-352.}"
}

@misc{ayala1968genotype8,
    author = "Ayala, F. J",
    title = "Genotype, environment, and population numbers",
    year = "1968",
    howpublished = "Science, v. 162, p. 1453-1459",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Ayala, F. J., 1968, Genotype, environment, and population numbers: Science, v. 162, p. 1453-1459.}"
}

@book{wright1968197849,
    author = "Wright, S",
    title = "-1978, Evolution and the Genetics of Populations. A Treatise in Four Volumes",
    year = "1968",
    publisher = "Chicago, Illinois, University of Chicago Press",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Wright, S., 1968-1978, Evolution and the Genetics of Populations. A Treatise in Four Volumes: Chicago, Illinois, University of Chicago Press.}"
}

@misc{borgstrom1969too22,
    author = "Borgstrom, G",
    title = "Too Many, a Story of Earth's Biological Limitations",
    year = "1969",
    howpublished = "New York, Macmillan",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Borgstrom, G., 1969, Too Many, a Story of Earth's Biological Limitations: New York, Macmillan.}"
}

@techreport{brown1969territorial24,
    author = "Brown, J. L",
    title = "Territorial behavior and population regulation in birds",
    year = "1969",
    howpublished = "Wilson Bulletin, v. 81, p. 293-329",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Brown, J. L., 1969, Territorial behavior and population regulation in birds: Wilson Bulletin, v. 81, p. 293-329.}"
}

@inproceedings{diamond1969avifaunal40,
    author = "Diamond, J. M",
    title = "Avifaunal equilibria and species turnover rates on the channel islands of California",
    year = "1969",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 64, p. 57-63",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Diamond, J. M., 1969, Avifaunal equilibria and species turnover rates on the channel islands of California: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 64, p. 57-63.}"
}

@misc{erhlich1969differentiations45,
    author = "Erhlich, P. R. and Raven, P. H",
    title = "Differentiations in populations",
    year = "1969",
    howpublished = "Science, v. 165, p. 1228-1231",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Erhlich, P. R., and Raven, P. H., 1969, Differentiations in populations: Science, v. 165, p. 1228-1231.}"
}

@misc{baker1970evolution11,
    author = "Baker, H. G",
    title = "Evolution in the tropics",
    year = "1970",
    howpublished = "Biotropica, v. 2, p. 101-111",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Baker, H. G., 1970, Evolution in the tropics: Biotropica, v. 2, p. 101-111.}"
}

@misc{ehrilch1970population41,
    author = "Ehrilch, P. R. and Erhlich, A. H",
    title = "Population, resources, environment",
    year = "1970",
    howpublished = "issues in human ecology: San Francisco, Freeman, 383 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Ehrilch, P. R., and Erhlich, A. H., 1970, Population, resources, environment: issues in human ecology: San Francisco, Freeman, 383 p.}"
}

@misc{anderson1971genetic1,
    author = "Anderson, W. W",
    title = "Genetic equilibrium and population growth under density- regulated selection",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "American Naturalist, v. 105, p. 489-498",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Anderson, W. W., 1971, Genetic equilibrium and population growth under density- regulated selection: American Naturalist, v. 105, p. 489-498.}"
}

@book{bajema1971natural10,
    author = "Bajema, C. J",
    title = "Natural Selection in Human Populations, the Measurement of Ongoing Genetic Evolution in Contemporary Societies",
    year = "1971",
    publisher = "New York, Wiley, 406 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Bajema, C. J., 1971, Natural Selection in Human Populations, the Measurement of Ongoing Genetic Evolution in Contemporary Societies: New York, Wiley, 406 p.}"
}

@misc{charlesworth1971selection25,
    author = "Charlesworth, B",
    title = "Selection in density-regulated populations",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "Ecology, v. 52, p. 469-474",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Charlesworth, B., 1971, Selection in density-regulated populations: Ecology, v. 52, p. 469-474.}"
}

@misc{dawson1971readings36,
    author = "Dawson, P. S. and King, C. E",
    title = "Readings in Population Biology",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Dawson, P. S., and King, C. E., 1971, Readings in Population Biology: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall.}"
}

@misc{dayton1971competition37,
    author = "Dayton, P. K",
    title = "Competition, disturbance and community organization",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community: Ecological Monographs, v. 41, p. 351-389",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Dayton, P. K., 1971, Competition, disturbance and community organization: the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community: Ecological Monographs, v. 41, p. 351-389.}"
}

@misc{wilson1971a47,
    author = "Wilson, E. O. and Bossert, W. H",
    title = "A Primer of Population Biology",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "Sunderland, Mass., Sinauer",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Wilson, E. O., and Bossert, W. H., 1971, A Primer of Population Biology: Sunderland, Mass., Sinauer.}"
}

@misc{ayala1977the9,
    author = "Ayala, F. J",
    title = "The Genetic Structure of Populations, in Dobzhansky, T., Ayala, F. J., Stebbins, G. L., and Valentine, J. W., eds., Evolution",
    year = "1977",
    howpublished = "San Francisco, California, W.H. Freeman \& Co., p. 20-56",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Ayala, F. J., 1977, The Genetic Structure of Populations, in Dobzhansky, T., Ayala, F. J., Stebbins, G. L., and Valentine, J. W., eds., Evolution: San Francisco, California, W.H. Freeman \& Co., p. 20-56.}"
}

@misc{bogue1985population21,
    author = "Bogue, D. J",
    title = "Population, in Encyclopedia Americana",
    year = "1985",
    howpublished = "Danbury, Connecticut, Grolier, v. 22, p. 402-408",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Bogue, D. J., 1985, Population, in Encyclopedia Americana: Danbury, Connecticut, Grolier, v. 22, p. 402-408.}"
}

@article{pamilo1985population,
    author = "Pamilo, Pekka",
    title = "Population Biology. The Evolution and Ecology of Populations. Philip W. Hedrick",
    year = "1985",
    journal = "The Quarterly Review of Biology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1086/414659",
    doi = "10.1086/414659",
    number = "4",
    pages = "530-531",
    volume = "60"
}

Our research focuses on mechanisms that promote and stabilize social behavior, fitness consequences of cooperation, and how interactions with conspecifics structure groups and populations. To this end, we studied wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) in the laboratory, in semi-natural enclosures and in the field. In 2002, we initiated a project on a free-living population of house mice in a barn near Zurich, Switzerland, where mice were equipped with RFID transponders and were provided with 40 nest boxes for resting and breeding. The population typically comprised between 250 and 400 mice. Methods: To analyze social group membership, social interactions and social preferences of the mice in our study population over their lifespan, we installed a continuous transponder reading system (AniLoc, FBI Science GmbH, Germany). Mice accessed nest boxes through tunnels equipped with two antennas each. When a mouse implanted with an RFID transponder passed the electromagnetic field of an antenna, its identity was transmitted and registered in real time with AniLoc. Additionally, body weights of mice were automatically registered at eight drinking facilities (Intelliscale, FBI Science GmbH, Germany). Here, a mouse sits on a freely movable platform that connects to a scale registering body weight when drinking, and an antenna around the head of the water bottle registers the drinking individual’s RFID transponder. Results: The system enabled continuous remote monitoring of the behavior of a free-living, open population of house mice, when using nest boxes and when drinking. Since such safe places are an important resource for survival and reproduction, time of day, duration and frequency of meetings with conspecifics reveal information about the function of their interactions. Trigger efficiency of antennas was 98.2 %. Mice entered and left the nest boxes with an average speed of 0.03 m/s, which is within the antennas’ detection capacity (detection speed of 1 m/s or 3.6 km/h). The antenna devices documented not only social structuring of our study population but also spatial genetic structuring. The observation that mice lived in rather closed social groups and tended to share nest boxes with relatives highlights the importance of kin selection for the evolution and maintenance of social behavior. Conclusions: We suggest that such automatic recording of activity, spatial distribution and social interactions is helpful not only in field studies, for a variety of species, but also in captivity or laboratory studies, to answer basic questions in behavioral ecology, population ecology, population genetics, conservation biology, disease ecology, or animal welfare.

@article{könig2015a,
    author = "König, Barbara and Lindholm, Anna K and Lopes, Patricia C and Dobay, Akos and Steinert, Sally and Buschmann, Frank Jens-Uwe",
    title = "A system for automatic recording of social behavior in a free-living wild house mouse population",
    year = "2015",
    publisher = "BioMed Central",
    abstract = "Our research focuses on mechanisms that promote and stabilize social behavior, fitness consequences of cooperation, and how interactions with conspecifics structure groups and populations. To this end, we studied wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) in the laboratory, in semi-natural enclosures and in the field. In 2002, we initiated a project on a free-living population of house mice in a barn near Zurich, Switzerland, where mice were equipped with RFID transponders and were provided with 40 nest boxes for resting and breeding. The population typically comprised between 250 and 400 mice. Methods: To analyze social group membership, social interactions and social preferences of the mice in our study population over their lifespan, we installed a continuous transponder reading system (AniLoc, FBI Science GmbH, Germany). Mice accessed nest boxes through tunnels equipped with two antennas each. When a mouse implanted with an RFID transponder passed the electromagnetic field of an antenna, its identity was transmitted and registered in real time with AniLoc. Additionally, body weights of mice were automatically registered at eight drinking facilities (Intelliscale, FBI Science GmbH, Germany). Here, a mouse sits on a freely movable platform that connects to a scale registering body weight when drinking, and an antenna around the head of the water bottle registers the drinking individual’s RFID transponder. Results: The system enabled continuous remote monitoring of the behavior of a free-living, open population of house mice, when using nest boxes and when drinking. Since such safe places are an important resource for survival and reproduction, time of day, duration and frequency of meetings with conspecifics reveal information about the function of their interactions. Trigger efficiency of antennas was 98.2 \%. Mice entered and left the nest boxes with an average speed of 0.03 m/s, which is within the antennas’ detection capacity (detection speed of 1 m/s or 3.6 km/h). The antenna devices documented not only social structuring of our study population but also spatial genetic structuring. The observation that mice lived in rather closed social groups and tended to share nest boxes with relatives highlights the importance of kin selection for the evolution and maintenance of social behavior. Conclusions: We suggest that such automatic recording of activity, spatial distribution and social interactions is helpful not only in field studies, for a variety of species, but also in captivity or laboratory studies, to answer basic questions in behavioral ecology, population ecology, population genetics, conservation biology, disease ecology, or animal welfare.",
    url = "https://www.zora.uzh.ch/handle/20.500.14742/110964",
    doi = "10.5167/uzh-113351"
}

@article{monaghan2022integrating,
    author = "Monaghan, Pat and Olsson, Mats and Richardson, David S. and Verhulst, Simon and Rogers, Sean M.",
    title = "Integrating telomere biology into the ecology and evolution of natural populations: Progress and prospects",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Molecular Ecology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16768",
    doi = "10.1111/mec.16768",
    number = "23",
    pages = "5909-5916",
    volume = "31"
}

BACKGROUND: Genetic diversity plays a crucial role in influencing evolution and adaptation. The order Primates is distinguished by advanced social structures, ecological adaptability, and extensive geographic distribution. These factors suggest that genetic variation within primate species is formed by both natural selection and historical population changes. Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) occupy a broad range across India. Their extensive genomic variation reveals significant intra-specific differences among populations. METHODS AND RESULTS: We sequenced and analyzed approximately 565 bases of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region from 236 fecal samples of wild Indian rhesus macaques, collected from 25 locations across 12 Indian states. We identified 66 haplotypes with overall haplotype and nucleotide diversity of 0.833 ± 0.023 and 0.0174 ± 0.0031, respectively. Among states, West Bengal_Sundarban showed the highest haplotype diversity (1.000 ± 0.126), while Delhi showed the lowest (0.182 ± 0.144). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two divergent clades. Clade 1 comprised North Indian cluster, including those from the Himalayan foothills, and Clade 2 comprised East Indian cluster. Genetic difference (Fst) of 80.05% observed between the two clades, indicating the presence of two deeply divergent mitochondrial lineages, suggesting the possible presence of two subspecies of rhesus macaques in India. However, this inference should be further validated using additional nuclear markers to confirm the taxonomic status. PCA plot and Median-joining (MJ) network analysis further revealed two haplogroups: Haplogroup I was primarily associated with North Indian cluster, while Haplogroup II from East Indian cluster. Interestingly, some individuals from the South Indian cluster, Telangana appeared in both Clade suggesting possible southward dispersal. Telangana, Manipur, Assam, West Bengal_Sundarban, and Odisha populations showed signatures of geographical and historical isolation. Demographic analyses indicated historical population contraction. The pronounced genetic structure and mtDNA divergence, when compared with rhesus macaques from other countries, further support the existence of two subspecies that can be confirmed with nuclear markers for robust taxonomic inference. CONCLUSIONS: Our study contributes to understanding genetic connectivity, population structure and migration patterns, which will aid in the long-term monitoring of Indian rhesus macaques.

@article{doi101007s11033026116941,
    author = "Sharon, E Agnita and Bhaskar, Ranjana and Subramanian, Kumarapuram Apadodharanan",
    title = "Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of wild populations of Indian Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) using mitochondrial DNA control region sequences.",
    year = "2026",
    journal = "Molecular biology reports",
    abstract = "BACKGROUND: Genetic diversity plays a crucial role in influencing evolution and adaptation. The order Primates is distinguished by advanced social structures, ecological adaptability, and extensive geographic distribution. These factors suggest that genetic variation within primate species is formed by both natural selection and historical population changes. Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) occupy a broad range across India. Their extensive genomic variation reveals significant intra-specific differences among populations. METHODS AND RESULTS: We sequenced and analyzed approximately 565 bases of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region from 236 fecal samples of wild Indian rhesus macaques, collected from 25 locations across 12 Indian states. We identified 66 haplotypes with overall haplotype and nucleotide diversity of 0.833 ± 0.023 and 0.0174 ± 0.0031, respectively. Among states, West Bengal\_Sundarban showed the highest haplotype diversity (1.000 ± 0.126), while Delhi showed the lowest (0.182 ± 0.144). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two divergent clades. Clade 1 comprised North Indian cluster, including those from the Himalayan foothills, and Clade 2 comprised East Indian cluster. Genetic difference (Fst) of 80.05\% observed between the two clades, indicating the presence of two deeply divergent mitochondrial lineages, suggesting the possible presence of two subspecies of rhesus macaques in India. However, this inference should be further validated using additional nuclear markers to confirm the taxonomic status. PCA plot and Median-joining (MJ) network analysis further revealed two haplogroups: Haplogroup I was primarily associated with North Indian cluster, while Haplogroup II from East Indian cluster. Interestingly, some individuals from the South Indian cluster, Telangana appeared in both Clade suggesting possible southward dispersal. Telangana, Manipur, Assam, West Bengal\_Sundarban, and Odisha populations showed signatures of geographical and historical isolation. Demographic analyses indicated historical population contraction. The pronounced genetic structure and mtDNA divergence, when compared with rhesus macaques from other countries, further support the existence of two subspecies that can be confirmed with nuclear markers for robust taxonomic inference. CONCLUSIONS: Our study contributes to understanding genetic connectivity, population structure and migration patterns, which will aid in the long-term monitoring of Indian rhesus macaques.",
    url = "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/6367618/",
    doi = "10.1007/s11033-026-11694-1",
    pmcid = "6367618",
    pmid = "41915270"
}

BACKGROUND: Understanding recombination rates is crucial in evolutionary biology, as recombination shapes genetic diversity, natural selection, and adaptation. We investigated recombination rate variation in Chironomus riparius across different latitudes, seasons, and experimental treatments using Pool-seq data from five studies and the ReLERNN neural network-based method. We examined its relationship with genetic diversity, GC content, and FST, assessing causality through structural equation modeling. RESULTS: In natural populations, recombination rates showed no clear latitudinal pattern, likely due to interactions between climate-driven selection, demographic history and regional environmental heterogeneity. However, seasonal variation was evident, with higher recombination rates in autumn than winter, possibly due to temperature-induced plasticity or seasonal bottlenecks. A cold snap in March 2018 triggered a sharp recombination increase, potentially suggesting a stress-induced adaptive response. Across datasets, recombination rates were correlated with genetic diversity and other genomic parameters, with structural equation models (SEMs) indicating that recombination and selection jointly shape patterns of π and differentiation, while relationships with GC content and TEs counts varied among environmental and experimental contexts. In experimental populations, thermal regimes alone had little effect on recombination; instead, adaptation to laboratory conditions and specific stressors drove recombination changes. Exposure to microplastics led to a genome-wide reduction in recombination, likely due to stress-induced DNA repair prioritizing genome integrity, whereas cadmium exposure generally suppressed recombination. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that recombination in C. riparius is a highly dynamic trait influenced by environmental conditions, selection, and genomic context. By integrating ecological variation, experimental evolution, and multivariate genomic analyses, this study highlights recombination as a context-dependent process that responds to both natural and anthropogenic stressors and interacts with multiple features of genome architecture.

@article{doi101186s12864026128095,
    author = "Nieto-Blázquez, María Esther and Caliendo, Cosima and Pettrich, Laura C and Waldvogel, Ann-Marie and Pfenninger, Markus",
    title = "Influence of geography, seasonality and experimental selection on Chironomus riparius recombination rates.",
    year = "2026",
    journal = "BMC genomics",
    abstract = "BACKGROUND: Understanding recombination rates is crucial in evolutionary biology, as recombination shapes genetic diversity, natural selection, and adaptation. We investigated recombination rate variation in Chironomus riparius across different latitudes, seasons, and experimental treatments using Pool-seq data from five studies and the ReLERNN neural network-based method. We examined its relationship with genetic diversity, GC content, and FST, assessing causality through structural equation modeling. RESULTS: In natural populations, recombination rates showed no clear latitudinal pattern, likely due to interactions between climate-driven selection, demographic history and regional environmental heterogeneity. However, seasonal variation was evident, with higher recombination rates in autumn than winter, possibly due to temperature-induced plasticity or seasonal bottlenecks. A cold snap in March 2018 triggered a sharp recombination increase, potentially suggesting a stress-induced adaptive response. Across datasets, recombination rates were correlated with genetic diversity and other genomic parameters, with structural equation models (SEMs) indicating that recombination and selection jointly shape patterns of π and differentiation, while relationships with GC content and TEs counts varied among environmental and experimental contexts. In experimental populations, thermal regimes alone had little effect on recombination; instead, adaptation to laboratory conditions and specific stressors drove recombination changes. Exposure to microplastics led to a genome-wide reduction in recombination, likely due to stress-induced DNA repair prioritizing genome integrity, whereas cadmium exposure generally suppressed recombination. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that recombination in C. riparius is a highly dynamic trait influenced by environmental conditions, selection, and genomic context. By integrating ecological variation, experimental evolution, and multivariate genomic analyses, this study highlights recombination as a context-dependent process that responds to both natural and anthropogenic stressors and interacts with multiple features of genome architecture.",
    url = "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13094081/",
    doi = "10.1186/s12864-026-12809-5",
    pmcid = "PMC13094081",
    pmid = "41987049"
}