Pseudoscience

@misc{evans1946the6,
    author = "Evans, B",
    title = "The Natural History of Nonsense",
    year = "1946",
    howpublished = "New York, Knopf",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Evans, B., 1946, The Natural History of Nonsense: New York, Knopf.}"
}

@book{gardner1957fads7,
    author = "Gardner, M",
    title = "Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science",
    year = "1957",
    publisher = "New York, Dover Publications, 363 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Gardner, M., 1957, Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science: New York, Dover Publications, 363 p.}"
}

@misc{velikovsky1965untitled23,
    author = "Velikovsky, I",
    title = "(?), Earth In Upheaval",
    year = "1965",
    howpublished = "New York, Dell",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Velikovsky, I., 1965(?), Earth In Upheaval: New York, Dell.}"
}

@misc{velikovsky1965worlds22,
    author = "Velikovsky, I",
    title = "Worlds in Collision",
    year = "1965",
    howpublished = "New York, Dell; First printing, Doubleday, New York, 1950",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Velikovsky, I., 1965, Worlds in Collision: New York, Dell; First printing, Doubleday, New York, 1950.}"
}

@misc{vondniken1969chariots24,
    author = "von Dniken, E",
    title = "Chariots of the Gods? Unsolved Mysteries of the Past",
    year = "1969",
    howpublished = "New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 188 p.; Translated by M. Heron",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {von Dniken, E., 1969, Chariots of the Gods? Unsolved Mysteries of the Past: New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 188 p.; Translated by M. Heron.}"
}

@misc{christopher1970esp2,
    author = "Christopher, M",
    title = "ESP, Seers and Psychics",
    year = "1970",
    howpublished = "New York, Crowell",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Christopher, M., 1970, ESP, Seers and Psychics: New York, Crowell.}"
}

@book{mackay1970extraordinary12,
    author = "Mackay, C",
    title = "Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds",
    year = "1970",
    publisher = "New York, Farrar, Straus \& Giroux; Noonday Press",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Mackay, C., 1970, Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds: New York, Farrar, Straus \& Giroux; Noonday Press.}"
}

@misc{vondniken1971gods25,
    author = "von Dniken, E",
    title = "Gods from Outer Space",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 190 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {von Dniken, E., 1971, Gods from Outer Space: New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 190 p.}"
}

@misc{wilson1972crash27,
    author = "Wilson, C",
    title = "Crash Go the Chariots",
    year = "1972",
    howpublished = "New York, Lancer Books, 126 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Wilson, C., 1972, Crash Go the Chariots: New York, Lancer Books, 126 p.}"
}

@misc{vondniken1973the26,
    author = "von Dniken, E",
    title = "The Gold of the Gods",
    year = "1973",
    howpublished = "New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 210 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {von Dniken, E., 1973, The Gold of the Gods: New York, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 210 p.}"
}

@misc{sagan1974brocas14,
    author = "Sagan, C",
    title = "Broca's Brain",
    year = "1974",
    howpublished = "New York, Random House, 347 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Sagan, C., 1974, Broca's Brain: New York, Random House, 347 p.}"
}

@book{sagan1974ufos15,
    author = "Sagan, C. and Page, T",
    title = "UFO's",
    year = "1974",
    publisher = "A Scientific Debate: Ithaca; New York, Cornell University Press [1973]; Norton [1974]",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Sagan, C., and Page, T., 1974, UFO's: A Scientific Debate: Ithaca; New York, Cornell University Press [1973]; Norton [1974].}"
}

@misc{decamp1975lost4,
    author = "De Camp, L. S",
    title = "Lost Continents",
    year = "1975",
    howpublished = "The Atlantis Theme: New York, Ballantine Books",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {De Camp, L. S., 1975, Lost Continents: The Atlantis Theme: New York, Ballantine Books.}"
}

@article{legrand1975chariots,
    author = "Legrand, H. E. and Boese, Wayne E.",
    title = "Chariots of the Gods? And All That: Pseudo-History in the Classroom",
    year = "1975",
    journal = "The History Teacher",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2307/491740",
    doi = "10.2307/491740",
    number = "3",
    pages = "359",
    volume = "8"
}

@misc{story1976the19,
    author = "Story, R",
    title = "The Space Gods Revealed",
    year = "1976",
    howpublished = "New York, Harper \& Row, 139 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Story, R., 1976, The Space Gods Revealed: New York, Harper \& Row, 139 p.}"
}

@article{trefil1978a21,
    author = "Trefil, J. S",
    title = "A consumer's guide to pseudoscience",
    year = "1978",
    journal = "Saturday Review, p. 16-21",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Trefil, J. S., 1978, A consumer's guide to pseudoscience: Saturday Review, p. 16-21.}"
}

@book{story1980guardians20,
    author = "Story, R",
    title = "Guardians of the Universe?",
    year = "1980",
    publisher = "New York, St. Martin's Press, 207 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Story, R., 1980, Guardians of the Universe?: New York, St. Martin's Press, 207 p.}"
}

@misc{gardner1981science8,
    author = "Gardner, M",
    title = "Science",
    year = "1981",
    howpublished = "Good, Bad and Bogus: Buffalo, New York, Prometheus Books",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Gardner, M., 1981, Science: Good, Bad and Bogus: Buffalo, New York, Prometheus Books.}"
}

@article{dutch1982notes5,
    author = "Dutch, S. L",
    title = "Notes on the nature of fringe science",
    year = "1982",
    journal = "Journal of Geological Education, v. 30, p. 6-13",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Dutch, S. L., 1982, Notes on the nature of fringe science: Journal of Geological Education, v. 30, p. 6-13.}"
}

@misc{schadewald1983creation16,
    author = "Schadewald, R. J",
    title = "Creation Pseudoscience",
    year = "1983",
    howpublished = "Skeptical Inquirer, v. 8, no. 1, p. 22-35",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Schadewald, R. J., 1983, Creation Pseudoscience: Skeptical Inquirer, v. 8, no. 1, p. 22-35.}"
}

@misc{schadewald1983the17,
    author = "Schadewald, R. J",
    title = "The Evolution of Bible-Science, in Godfrey, L. R., ed., Scientists Confront Creationism",
    year = "1983",
    howpublished = "New York, Norton, p. 283-299",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Schadewald, R. J., 1983, The Evolution of Bible-Science, in Godfrey, L. R., ed., Scientists Confront Creationism: New York, Norton, p. 283-299.}"
}

@misc{schafersman1983fossils18,
    author = "Schafersman, S. D",
    title = "Fossils, stratigraphy, and evolution",
    year = "1983",
    howpublished = "consideration of a creationist argument, in Godfrey, L. R., ed., Scientists Confront Creationism: New York, W.W. Norton, p. 219-244",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Schafersman, S. D., 1983, Fossils, stratigraphy, and evolution: consideration of a creationist argument, in Godfrey, L. R., ed., Scientists Confront Creationism: New York, W.W. Norton, p. 219-244.}"
}

@misc{bunge1984what1,
    author = "Bunge, M",
    title = "What is pseudoscience?",
    year = "1984",
    howpublished = "Skeptical Inquirer, v. 9, no. 1, p. 36- 46",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Bunge, M., 1984, What is pseudoscience?: Skeptical Inquirer, v. 9, no. 1, p. 36- 46.}"
}

@misc{hansel1984the11,
    author = "Hansel, C. E. M",
    title = "The Evidence for ESP",
    year = "1984",
    howpublished = "A Critique: Skeptical Inquirer, v. 8, no. 4, p. 322-328",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Hansel, C. E. M., 1984, The Evidence for ESP: A Critique: Skeptical Inquirer, v. 8, no. 4, p. 322-328.}"
}

@misc{milne1984creationists13,
    author = "Milne, D. H",
    title = "Creationists, population growth, bunnies, and the Great Pyramid",
    year = "1984",
    howpublished = "Creation/Evolution, v. 4, p. 1-5",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Milne, D. H., 1984, Creationists, population growth, bunnies, and the Great Pyramid: Creation/Evolution, v. 4, p. 1-5.}"
}

@misc{geisler1987origin10,
    author = "Geisler, N. L. and Anderson, J. K",
    title = "Origin Science",
    year = "1987",
    howpublished = "A Proposal for the Creation/Evolution Controversy: Grand Rapids, Michigan, Baker Book House",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Geisler, N. L., and Anderson, J. K., 1987, Origin Science: A Proposal for the Creation/Evolution Controversy: Grand Rapids, Michigan, Baker Book House.}"
}

@misc{culver1988astrology3,
    author = "Culver, R. B. and Ianna, P. A",
    title = "Astrology",
    year = "1988",
    howpublished = "True or False? [New ed.]: Buffalo, New York, Prometheus Books",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Culver, R. B., and Ianna, P. A., 1988, Astrology: True or False? [New ed.]: Buffalo, New York, Prometheus Books.}"
}

@misc{gardner1988the9,
    author = "Gardner, M",
    title = "The New Age",
    year = "1988",
    howpublished = "Notes of a Fringe-Watcher: Buffalo, New York, Promethus Books",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Gardner, M., 1988, The New Age: Notes of a Fringe-Watcher: Buffalo, New York, Promethus Books.}"
}

@incollection{crossref1999chariots,
    title = "Chariots of the Gods",
    year = "1999",
    booktitle = "Tower of Babel",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/6870.003.0007",
    doi = "10.7551/mitpress/6870.003.0007"
}

@article{declosets1999chariots,
    author = "DE CLOSETS, Guy and FENWICK, Marcel",
    title = "Chariots de manutention - Chariots élévateurs",
    year = "1999",
    journal = "Logistique",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.51257/a-v1-a9202",
    doi = "10.51257/a-v1-a9202"
}

The rock carving at Frännarp has been known for a century and has been the subject of many reports, always concentrating upon the detailed representation of Bronze Age carts. A new recording of the site has revealed the existence of many faint carvings, including small carts, many discs, and also a number of paired animals for the well-known cart designs. Field surveys around the site show a dense concentration of burial and other monuments in the immediate area. The Frännarp site must have served as a special focus here and also for a wider cultural landscape, and a land-based route is identified which may have aided access from further afield.

@article{coles2002chariots,
    author = "Coles, John",
    title = "Chariots of the Gods? Landscape and Imagery at Frännarp, Sweden",
    year = "2002",
    journal = "Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society",
    abstract = "The rock carving at Frännarp has been known for a century and has been the subject of many reports, always concentrating upon the detailed representation of Bronze Age carts. A new recording of the site has revealed the existence of many faint carvings, including small carts, many discs, and also a number of paired animals for the well-known cart designs. Field surveys around the site show a dense concentration of burial and other monuments in the immediate area. The Frännarp site must have served as a special focus here and also for a wider cultural landscape, and a land-based route is identified which may have aided access from further afield.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00001511",
    doi = "10.1017/s0079497x00001511",
    pages = "215-246",
    volume = "68"
}

@incollection{crossref2006chariots,
    title = "Chariots and cloud machines: gods and goddesses on early English stages",
    year = "2006",
    booktitle = "Études Renaissantes",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1484/m.er-eb.4.00055",
    doi = "10.1484/m.er-eb.4.00055",
    pages = "171-189"
}

@article{scharf2010pseudoscience,
    author = "Scharf, David",
    title = "Pseudoscience and Victor Stenger’s Quantum Gods: Mistaken, Misinformed and Misleading",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "NeuroQuantology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.14704/nq.2010.8.1.272",
    doi = "10.14704/nq.2010.8.1.272",
    number = "1",
    volume = "8"
}

@incollection{crossref2012chariots,
    title = "Chariots of the Gods: Pseudoscience and Parental Fears",
    year = "2012",
    booktitle = "Solar Flares",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.5949/upo9781846317798.015",
    doi = "10.5949/upo9781846317798.015",
    pages = "192-205"
}

@article{crossref2020gods,
    title = "Gods From Space",
    year = "2020",
    journal = "Journal of Religion \& Film",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.32873/uno.dc.jrf.24.01.30",
    doi = "10.32873/uno.dc.jrf.24.01.30",
    number = "1",
    volume = "24"
}

This chapter details the evolution and seduction of mental health–related pseudoscience. It begins by providing historical and modern-day examples of snake oil, couching them in the context of the author’s personal and clinical experiences. It illustrates the nature of pseudoscience, delineating between unequivocal cases (e.g., naturopathy, energy healing) and controversial ones that are more scientifically plausible but still plagued by some pseudoscientific features and low-quality evidence to support their use (e.g., mindfulness meditation, psychedelics). It goes on to show the reasons that we find pseudoscience attractive, foreshadowing the commercialization of pseudoscience in the wellness and alternative medicine industries. The chapter closes with real examples about the various ways that pseudoscience is harmful to our mental health.

@incollection{stea2024the,
    author = "Stea, Jonathan N.",
    title = "The Evolution and Seduction of Pseudoscience",
    year = "2024",
    booktitle = "Mind the Science",
    abstract = "This chapter details the evolution and seduction of mental health–related pseudoscience. It begins by providing historical and modern-day examples of snake oil, couching them in the context of the author’s personal and clinical experiences. It illustrates the nature of pseudoscience, delineating between unequivocal cases (e.g., naturopathy, energy healing) and controversial ones that are more scientifically plausible but still plagued by some pseudoscientific features and low-quality evidence to support their use (e.g., mindfulness meditation, psychedelics). It goes on to show the reasons that we find pseudoscience attractive, foreshadowing the commercialization of pseudoscience in the wellness and alternative medicine industries. The chapter closes with real examples about the various ways that pseudoscience is harmful to our mental health.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197748817.003.0002",
    doi = "10.1093/oso/9780197748817.003.0002",
    pages = "7-23"
}