Synthetic theory

@article{salisbury1971doubts,
    author = "Salisbury, Frank B.",
    title = "Doubts about the Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution",
    year = "1971",
    journal = "The American Biology Teacher",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2307/4443526",
    doi = "10.2307/4443526",
    number = "6",
    pages = "335-354",
    volume = "33"
}

@misc{salisbury1971doubts1,
    author = "Salisbury, F. B",
    title = "Doubts about the modern synthetic theory of evolution",
    year = "1971",
    howpublished = "American Biology Teacher, v. 33, p. 335-338",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Salisbury, F. B., 1971, Doubts about the modern synthetic theory of evolution: American Biology Teacher, v. 33, p. 335-338.}"
}

@article{caplan1978testability,
    author = "Caplan, Arthur",
    title = "Testability, disreputability, and the structure of the modern synthetic theory of evolution",
    year = "1978",
    journal = "Erkenntnis",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00160897",
    doi = "10.1007/bf00160897",
    number = "1",
    pages = "261-278",
    volume = "13"
}

Several paleontologists have recently challenged the explanatory adequacy of the modern synthetic theory of evolution. Their position is that, contrary to the prevailing view that evolutionary change is gradual, the fossil record manifests long periods of species stasis (equilibrium) punctuated by periods of rapid species formation. And, they argue, this punctuated equilibria pattern challenges the gradualist, adaptationist and extrapolationist assumptions of the modern synthetic theory of evolution and supports a hierarchical, non-extrapolationist (non-reductionist) view of evolution. In this paper I argue that the challenge rests on an inadequate characterization of the modern synthetic theory and that, even accepting punctuated equilibria and an irreducible evolutionary hierarchy, the modern synthetic theory is adequate to explain evolutionary change at all levels of the hierarchy.

@article{thompson1983tempo,
    author = "Thompson, Paul",
    title = "Tempo and Mode in Evolution: Punctuated Equilibria and the Modern Synthetic Theory",
    year = "1983",
    journal = "Philosophy of Science",
    abstract = "Several paleontologists have recently challenged the explanatory adequacy of the modern synthetic theory of evolution. Their position is that, contrary to the prevailing view that evolutionary change is gradual, the fossil record manifests long periods of species stasis (equilibrium) punctuated by periods of rapid species formation. And, they argue, this punctuated equilibria pattern challenges the gradualist, adaptationist and extrapolationist assumptions of the modern synthetic theory of evolution and supports a hierarchical, non-extrapolationist (non-reductionist) view of evolution. In this paper I argue that the challenge rests on an inadequate characterization of the modern synthetic theory and that, even accepting punctuated equilibria and an irreducible evolutionary hierarchy, the modern synthetic theory is adequate to explain evolutionary change at all levels of the hierarchy.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1086/289128",
    doi = "10.1086/289128",
    number = "3",
    pages = "432-450",
    volume = "50"
}

@article{anddoroninamarina2021modern,
    author = "Doronina Marina, Doronina Marina",
    title = "MODERN SYNTHETIC THEORY OF EVOLUTION",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Астраханский вестник экологического образования",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.36698/2304-5957-2021-2-172-177",
    doi = "10.36698/2304-5957-2021-2-172-177",
    number = "2",
    pages = "172-177",
    volume = "20"
}

@incollection{crossref2022modern,
    title = "Modern Synthetic Theory",
    year = "2022",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7\_301416",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7\_301416",
    pages = "4347-4347"
}

For the past more than a century, evolution has become a corner stone of biology. Different theories have been proposed to explain the mechanisms of evolution such as Lamarckism, Darwinism, germ plasm theory, isolation theory, mutation theory, modern synthetic theory and neutral theory. Among these theories, emphasis is mostly given on single factors. However, modern synthetic theory combines different factors into one theory, particularly natural selection and Mendelian genetics that is why the word synthetic theory is used. Presently, it is the most widely accepted theory to explain the mechanism of evolution although it owes more to Darwin than to any other evolutionary biologist and is essentially built around the concept of natural selection. However, it incorporates much that is post-Darwinian. This theory offers the most widely accepted explanation for the mechanism of evolution and is based on factors such as gene mutations, structural and numerical alterations in chromosomes, genetic recombination, natural selection, random genetic drift, migration, hybridization and reproductive isolation. Further, some recent work in the field of molecular biology have thrown light on the mechanisms of evolution. The new biology goes beyond the modern synthesis, it integrates together genomics, bioinformatics, evolutionary genetics and molecular biology to provide novel explanations, and in the light of these findings, the OMS should be modified or extended. Even there is a suggestion to propose a new theory of evolution as a coherent alternative to modern synthesis

@article{singh2022perspectives,
    author = "Singh, B. N.",
    title = "Perspectives on Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH",
    abstract = "For the past more than a century, evolution has become a corner stone of biology. Different theories have been proposed to explain the mechanisms of evolution such as Lamarckism, Darwinism, germ plasm theory, isolation theory, mutation theory, modern synthetic theory and neutral theory. Among these theories, emphasis is mostly given on single factors. However, modern synthetic theory combines different factors into one theory, particularly natural selection and Mendelian genetics that is why the word synthetic theory is used. Presently, it is the most widely accepted theory to explain the mechanism of evolution although it owes more to Darwin than to any other evolutionary biologist and is essentially built around the concept of natural selection. However, it incorporates much that is post-Darwinian. This theory offers the most widely accepted explanation for the mechanism of evolution and is based on factors such as gene mutations, structural and numerical alterations in chromosomes, genetic recombination, natural selection, random genetic drift, migration, hybridization and reproductive isolation. Further, some recent work in the field of molecular biology have thrown light on the mechanisms of evolution. The new biology goes beyond the modern synthesis, it integrates together genomics, bioinformatics, evolutionary genetics and molecular biology to provide novel explanations, and in the light of these findings, the OMS should be modified or extended. Even there is a suggestion to propose a new theory of evolution as a coherent alternative to modern synthesis",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.37398/jsr.2022.660315",
    doi = "10.37398/jsr.2022.660315",
    number = "03",
    pages = "109-116",
    volume = "66"
}