Thermogenesis

@article{laury1977corticotropin,
    author = "Laury, M. C. and Portet, R.",
    title = "Corticotropin and nonshivering thermogenesis",
    year = "1977",
    journal = "Experientia",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01918816",
    doi = "10.1007/bf01918816",
    number = "11",
    pages = "1474-1475",
    volume = "33"
}

@article{arieli1978indication,
    author = "Arieli, A. and Berman, A. and Meltzer, A.",
    title = "Indication for nonshivering thermogenesis in the adult fowl (Gallus domesticus)",
    year = "1978",
    journal = "Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(78)90023-0",
    doi = "10.1016/0306-4492(78)90023-0",
    number = "1",
    pages = "33-36",
    volume = "60"
}

@article{arieli1978indication1,
    author = "Arieli, A. and Berman, A. and Meltzer, A",
    title = "Indication for nonshivering thermogenesis in the adult fowl",
    year = "1978",
    journal = "Journal of Experimental Biochemistry and Physiology, v. 60C, p. 33-36",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Arieli, A., Berman, A., and Meltzer, A., 1978, Indication for nonshivering thermogenesis in the adult fowl: Journal of Experimental Biochemistry and Physiology, v. 60C, p. 33-36.}"
}

@article{doi1010160306449278900230,
    author = "Arieli, A and Berman, A and Meltzer, A",
    title = "Indication for nonshivering thermogenesis in the adult fowl (Gallus domesticus).",
    year = "1978",
    journal = "Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C: Comparative pharmacology",
    url = "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26503/",
    doi = "10.1016/0306-4492(78)90023-0",
    pmid = "26503"
}

@incollection{himmshagen1978biochemical,
    author = "Himms-Hagen, Jean",
    title = "BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF NONSHIVERING THERMOGENESIS",
    year = "1978",
    booktitle = "Strategies in Cold",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-734550-5.50022-3",
    doi = "10.1016/b978-0-12-734550-5.50022-3",
    pages = "595-617"
}

@article{cannon1980nonshivering,
    author = "Cannon, Barbara and Johansson, Bengt W.",
    title = "Nonshivering thermogenesis in the newborn",
    year = "1980",
    journal = "Molecular Aspects of Medicine",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-2997(80)90001-1",
    doi = "10.1016/0098-2997(80)90001-1",
    number = "3",
    pages = "119-223",
    volume = "3"
}

@article{himmshagen1984nonshivering,
    author = "Himms-Hagen, Jean",
    title = "Nonshivering thermogenesis",
    year = "1984",
    journal = "Brain Research Bulletin",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-9230(84)90183-7",
    doi = "10.1016/0361-9230(84)90183-7",
    number = "2",
    pages = "151-160",
    volume = "12"
}

@article{moayeri1993absence,
    author = "Moayeri, Azita and McGuire, Joseph and Hynson, James M. and Sessler, Daniel L.",
    title = "Absence of Nonshivering Thermogenesis in Anesthetized Adult Humans",
    year = "1993",
    journal = "Anesthesiology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199310000-00010",
    doi = "10.1097/00000542-199310000-00010",
    number = "4",
    pages = "695-703",
    volume = "79"
}

Background During halothane anesthesia, infants fail to increase oxygen consumption in response to a cold stimulus in the form of an increase in temperature gradient between body and environment. Based on recent observations with isolated brown-fat cells, it seemed feasible that this inability to respond could be due to an inhibition of nonshivering thermogenesis during halothane anesthesia. Methods The rate of oxygen consumption was measured in cold-acclimated hamsters and rats. The rate evoked by norepinephrine injection in hamsters at an environmental temperature of approximately 24 degrees C was used as a measure of the capacity for nonshivering thermogenesis. Anesthesia was induced by 3% halothane and maintained by 1.5% halothane. One experimental series with spontaneously breathing hamsters and a second control series with spontaneously breathing rats and with rats whose lungs were mechanically ventilated were conducted. Results Norepinephrine injection led to a fourfold increase in the rate of oxygen consumption in control hamsters; after this response had subsided, a second injection led to a similar effect. Halothane anesthesia caused an approximately 20% decrease in resting metabolic rate (P Conclusions A much diminished or abolished thermogenic response to injected norepinephrine was demonstrated in halothane-anesthetized animals. This implies that there would be a diminished ability to elicit nonshivering thermogenesis even when this process is physiologically induced. Such a diminished ability could in part explain the susceptibility of neonates and infants to hypothermia during halothane anesthesia.

@article{dicker1995halothane,
    author = "Dicker, Andrea and Ohlson, Kerstin B. E. and Johnson, Lennart and Cannon, Barbara and Lindahl, Sten G.E. and Nedergaard, Jan",
    title = "Halothane Selectively Inhibits Nonshivering Thermogenesis",
    year = "1995",
    journal = "Anesthesiology",
    abstract = "Background During halothane anesthesia, infants fail to increase oxygen consumption in response to a cold stimulus in the form of an increase in temperature gradient between body and environment. Based on recent observations with isolated brown-fat cells, it seemed feasible that this inability to respond could be due to an inhibition of nonshivering thermogenesis during halothane anesthesia. Methods The rate of oxygen consumption was measured in cold-acclimated hamsters and rats. The rate evoked by norepinephrine injection in hamsters at an environmental temperature of approximately 24 degrees C was used as a measure of the capacity for nonshivering thermogenesis. Anesthesia was induced by 3\% halothane and maintained by 1.5\% halothane. One experimental series with spontaneously breathing hamsters and a second control series with spontaneously breathing rats and with rats whose lungs were mechanically ventilated were conducted. Results Norepinephrine injection led to a fourfold increase in the rate of oxygen consumption in control hamsters; after this response had subsided, a second injection led to a similar effect. Halothane anesthesia caused an approximately 20\% decrease in resting metabolic rate (P Conclusions A much diminished or abolished thermogenic response to injected norepinephrine was demonstrated in halothane-anesthetized animals. This implies that there would be a diminished ability to elicit nonshivering thermogenesis even when this process is physiologically induced. Such a diminished ability could in part explain the susceptibility of neonates and infants to hypothermia during halothane anesthesia.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199502000-00019",
    doi = "10.1097/00000542-199502000-00019",
    number = "2",
    pages = "491-501",
    volume = "82"
}

@article{lesná1999human,
    author = "Lesná, I and Vybı́ı́ral, S and Janský, L and Zeman, V",
    title = "Human nonshivering thermogenesis",
    year = "1999",
    journal = "Journal of Thermal Biology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4565(98)00041-2",
    doi = "10.1016/s0306-4565(98)00041-2",
    number = "1",
    pages = "63-69",
    volume = "24"
}