Triassic

@inproceedings{cope1887a10,
    author = "Cope, E. D",
    title = "A contribution to the history of the vertebrata of the Trias of North America",
    year = "1887",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, v. XXIV, p. 209-228",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Cope, E. D., 1887, A contribution to the history of the vertebrata of the Trias of North America: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, v. XXIV, p. 209-228.}"
}

@misc{huene1910ein16,
    author = "Huene, F. R. von",
    title = "Ein primitiver Dinosaurier aus der mittleren Trias von Elgin",
    year = "1910",
    howpublished = "Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abh., v. 8, p. 315-322",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Huene, F. R. von, 1910, Ein primitiver Dinosaurier aus der mittleren Trias von Elgin: Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abh., v. 8, p. 315-322.}"
}

@misc{fraas1913die13,
    author = "Fraas, E",
    title = "Die neuesten Dinosaurierfunde in der schwabischen Trias",
    year = "1913",
    howpublished = "Naturwissenschaften, v. 45, p. 1097-1100",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Fraas, E., 1913, Die neuesten Dinosaurierfunde in der schwabischen Trias: Naturwissenschaften, v. 45, p. 1097-1100.}"
}

@techreport{huene1923carnivorous17,
    author = "Huene, F. R. von",
    title = "Carnivorous Saurischia in Europe since the Triassic",
    year = "1923",
    howpublished = "Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 34, p. 449-458",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Huene, F. R. von, 1923, Carnivorous Saurischia in Europe since the Triassic: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 34, p. 449-458.}"
}

@misc{schfle1929ueber28,
    author = "Schfle, L",
    title = "Ueber Lias und Doggerastern",
    year = "1929",
    howpublished = "Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abh., v. 17, no. 2, p. 1-88; n. series",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Schfle, L., 1929, Ueber Lias und Doggerastern: Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abh., v. 17, no. 2, p. 1-88; n. series.}"
}

@techreport{dechaseaux1934principales12,
    author = "Dechaseaux, C",
    title = "Principales espces de Liogryphes liasiques, valeur stratigraphique et remarques sur quelques formes mutantes",
    year = "1934",
    howpublished = "Bulletin of the Geologic Society of France, v. 4, no. 1-3, p. 201-212; Series 5",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Dechaseaux, C., 1934, Principales espces de Liogryphes liasiques, valeur stratigraphique et remarques sur quelques formes mutantes: Bulletin of the Geologic Society of France, v. 4, no. 1-3, p. 201-212; Series 5.}"
}

@misc{huene1934ein18,
    author = "Huene, F. R. von",
    title = "Ein neuer Coelurosaurier in der thuringischen Trias",
    year = "1934",
    howpublished = "Palontologische Zeitschrift, v. 16, p. 149-170",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Huene, F. R. von, 1934, Ein neuer Coelurosaurier in der thuringischen Trias: Palontologische Zeitschrift, v. 16, p. 149-170.}"
}

@misc{spath1938a29,
    author = "Spath, I. F",
    title = "A Catalogue of the Ammonites of the Liassic Family Liparoceratidae",
    year = "1938",
    howpublished = "London, British Museum (Natural History), 191 p",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Spath, I. F., 1938, A Catalogue of the Ammonites of the Liassic Family Liparoceratidae: London, British Museum (Natural History), 191 p.}"
}

@techreport{charles1949essai6,
    author = "Charles, R. P",
    title = "Essai d'tude phylognique gryphes liasiques",
    year = "1949",
    howpublished = "Bulletin of the Geologic Society of France, v. 19, p. 31-41; series 5, parts 1-3",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Charles, R. P., 1949, Essai d'tude phylognique gryphes liasiques: Bulletin of the Geologic Society of France, v. 19, p. 31-41; series 5, parts 1-3.}"
}

@techreport{lull1953triassic19,
    author = "Lull, R. S",
    title = "Triassic life of the Connecticut Valley",
    year = "1953",
    howpublished = "Bulletin of the Connecticut Geology and Natural History Survey, v. 81, p. 1-331",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Lull, R. S., 1953, Triassic life of the Connecticut Valley: Bulletin of the Connecticut Geology and Natural History Survey, v. 81, p. 1-331.}"
}

@misc{reig1963la26,
    author = "Reig, O. A",
    title = {La presencia de dinosaurios en los "Estratos de Ischigualastro" (Mesotriasico Superior) de las provincias de San Juan y la Rioja},
    year = "1963",
    howpublished = "Ameghiniana, v. 3, p. 1-20",
    note = {talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Reig, O. A., 1963, La presencia de dinosaurios en los "Estratos de Ischigualastro" (Mesotriasico Superior) de las provincias de San Juan y la Rioja: Ameghiniana, v. 3, p. 1-20.}}
}

@misc{colbert1970a9,
    author = "Colbert, E. H",
    title = "A saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil",
    year = "1970",
    howpublished = "American Museum of Natural History Novitates, v. 2405, p. 1-39",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Colbert, E. H., 1970, A saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil: American Museum of Natural History Novitates, v. 2405, p. 1-39.}"
}

@misc{romer1970the27,
    author = "Romer, A. S",
    title = "The Chaares (Argentina) Triassic reptile fauna VI. A chiniquodont cynodont with an incipient squamosal-dentary jaw articulation",
    year = "1970",
    howpublished = "Breviora, v. 344, p. 1-18",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Romer, A. S., 1970, The Chaares (Argentina) Triassic reptile fauna VI. A chiniquodont cynodont with an incipient squamosal-dentary jaw articulation: Breviora, v. 344, p. 1-18.}"
}

@misc{bidar1972compsognathus4,
    author = "Bidar, A. and Demay, L. and Thomel, G",
    title = "Compsognathus corallestris nouvelle espce de dinosaurian theropode du Portlandien de Canjuers",
    year = "1972",
    howpublished = "Ext. Ann. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. Nice, v. 1, p. 1-34",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Bidar, A., Demay, L., and Thomel, G., 1972, Compsognathus corallestris nouvelle espce de dinosaurian theropode du Portlandien de Canjuers: Ext. Ann. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. Nice, v. 1, p. 1-34.}"
}

@misc{galton1977on14,
    author = "Galton, P. M",
    title = "On Staurikosaurus pricei, an early saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil, with notes on the Herrerasauridae and Poposauridae",
    year = "1977",
    howpublished = "Palontologische Zeitschrift, v. 51, p. 234-245",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Galton, P. M., 1977, On Staurikosaurus pricei, an early saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil, with notes on the Herrerasauridae and Poposauridae: Palontologische Zeitschrift, v. 51, p. 234-245.}"
}

@misc{olsen1977triassicjurassic21,
    author = "Olsen, P. E. and Galton, P. M",
    title = "Triassic-Jurassic tetrapod extinctions",
    year = "1977",
    howpublished = "Are they real?: Science, v. 197, p. 983-986",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Olsen, P. E., and Galton, P. M., 1977, Triassic-Jurassic tetrapod extinctions: Are they real?: Science, v. 197, p. 983-986.}"
}

@phdthesis{raath1977the25,
    author = "Raath, M. A",
    title = "The anatomy of the Triassic theropod Syntarsus rhodesiensis (Saurischia",
    year = "1977",
    publisher = "Podokesauridae) and a consideration of its biology [PhD dissert.]: Rhodes University, Salisbury",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Raath, M. A., 1977, The anatomy of the Triassic theropod Syntarsus rhodesiensis (Saurischia: Podokesauridae) and a consideration of its biology [PhD dissert.]: Rhodes University, Salisbury.}"
}

@misc{dazakov1982paleogeography11,
    author = "Dazakov, A. M. and Dagis, A. and Kurushin, N. I",
    title = "Paleogeography of the Triassic of the north of middle Siberia",
    year = "1982",
    howpublished = "Trudy Institute Geologii i Geofiziki, v. 514, p. 54-75; English summary in Petroleum Geology, v.20, no.7, 1984, p.333-338",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Dazakov, A. M., Dagis, A., and Kurushin, N. I., 1982, Paleogeography of the Triassic of the north of middle Siberia: Trudy Institute Geologii i Geofiziki, v. 514, p. 54-75; English summary in Petroleum Geology, v.20, no.7, 1984, p.333-338.}"
}

@article{benton1983dinosaur1,
    author = "Benton, M. J",
    title = "Dinosaur success in the Triassic",
    year = "1983",
    journal = "A noncompetitive ecological model: Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 58, p. 29-55",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Benton, M. J., 1983, Dinosaur success in the Triassic: A noncompetitive ecological model: Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 58, p. 29-55.}"
}

@inproceedings{benton1984fossil2,
    author = "Benton, M. J",
    title = "Fossil Reptiles of the German Late Triassic and the Origin of the Dinosaurs, in Reif, W. E., and Westphal, F., eds., Third Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems",
    year = "1984",
    booktitle = "Tbingen, ATTEMPTO-Verlag, p. 13-18",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Benton, M. J., 1984, Fossil Reptiles of the German Late Triassic and the Origin of the Dinosaurs, in Reif, W. E., and Westphal, F., eds., Third Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems: Tbingen, ATTEMPTO-Verlag, p. 13-18.}"
}

@article{chatterjee1985postosuchus7,
    author = "Chatterjee, S",
    title = "Postosuchus, a new thecodontian reptile from the Triassic of Texas and the origin of tyrannosaurs",
    year = "1985",
    journal = "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B, v. 309, p. 395-460",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Chatterjee, S., 1985, Postosuchus, a new thecodontian reptile from the Triassic of Texas and the origin of tyrannosaurs: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B, v. 309, p. 395-460.}"
}

@misc{benton1986the3,
    author = "Benton, M. J",
    title = "The late Triassic reptile Teratosaurus-a rauisuchian, not a dinosaur",
    year = "1986",
    howpublished = "Palaeontology, v. 29, p. 293-301",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Benton, M. J., 1986, The late Triassic reptile Teratosaurus-a rauisuchian, not a dinosaur: Palaeontology, v. 29, p. 293-301.}"
}

@book{haubold1986archosaur15,
    author = "Haubold, H",
    title = "Archosaur Footprints at the Terrestrial Triassic-Jurassic Transition, in Padian, K., ed., The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs",
    year = "1986",
    publisher = "Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 189-201",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Haubold, H., 1986, Archosaur Footprints at the Terrestrial Triassic-Jurassic Transition, in Padian, K., ed., The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 189-201.}"
}

@book{olsen1986correlation22,
    author = "Olsen, P. E. and Sues, H.-D",
    title = "Correlation of continental Late Triassic and Early Jurassic sediments, and patterns of the Triassic-Jurassic transition, in Padian, K., ed., The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs",
    year = "1986",
    publisher = "Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 321-351",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Olsen, P. E., and Sues, H.-D., 1986, Correlation of continental Late Triassic and Early Jurassic sediments, and patterns of the Triassic-Jurassic transition, in Padian, K., ed., The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 321-351.}"
}

@incollection{padian1986on23,
    author = "Padian, K",
    editor = "Padian, K.",
    title = "On the type material of Coelophysis Cope (Saurischia: Theropoda) and a new specimen from the Petrified Forest of Arizona (Late Triassic: Chinle Formation)",
    year = "1986",
    booktitle = "The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs",
    publisher = "Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 40-60",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Padian, K., 1986, On the type material of Coelophysis Cope (Saurischia: Theropoda) and a new specimen from the Petrified Forest of Arizona (Late Triassic: Chinle Formation), in Padian, K., ed., The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 40-60.}"
}

@book{parrish1986a24,
    author = "Parrish, J. M. and Carpenter, K",
    title = "A New Vertebrate Fauna from the Dockum Formation (Late Triassic) of Eastern New Mexico, in Padian, K., ed., The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs",
    year = "1986",
    publisher = "Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 152-160",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Parrish, J. M., and Carpenter, K., 1986, A New Vertebrate Fauna from the Dockum Formation (Late Triassic) of Eastern New Mexico, in Padian, K., ed., The Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 152-160.}"
}

@misc{brinkman1987a5,
    author = "Brinkman, D. and Sues, H.-D",
    title = "A staurikosaurid dinosaur from the Ischigualasto Formation (Upper Triassic) of Argentina and the relationships of the Staurikosauridae",
    year = "1987",
    howpublished = "Palaeontology, v. 30, no. 3, p. 493-503",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Brinkman, D., and Sues, H.-D., 1987, A staurikosaurid dinosaur from the Ischigualasto Formation (Upper Triassic) of Argentina and the relationships of the Staurikosauridae: Palaeontology, v. 30, no. 3, p. 493-503.}"
}

@misc{chatterjee1987a8,
    author = "Chatterjee, S",
    title = "A new theropod dinosaur from India with remarks on the Gondwana- Laurasia connection in the Late Triassic",
    year = "1987",
    howpublished = "Geophysical Monograph Six, 183- 189",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Chatterjee, S., 1987, A new theropod dinosaur from India with remarks on the Gondwana- Laurasia connection in the Late Triassic. Geophysical Monograph Six, 183- 189.}"
}

@article{guérin1987the,
    author = "Guérin, Claude",
    title = "The beginning of the age of dinosaurs. Faunal change acrossthe Triassic-Jurassic boundary",
    year = "1987",
    journal = "Geobios",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-6995(87)80026-8",
    doi = "10.1016/s0016-6995(87)80026-8",
    number = "5",
    pages = "703",
    volume = "20"
}

@misc{novas1987un20,
    author = "Novas, F",
    title = "Un probable teropodo (Saurisquia) de la Formacion Ischigualasto (Triasico Superior), San Juan, Argentina",
    year = "1987",
    howpublished = "IV Congress Argentino de Paleontologia Biostratigraphica, v. 2, p. 1-6",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Novas, F., 1987, Un probable teropodo (Saurisquia) de la Formacion Ischigualasto (Triasico Superior), San Juan, Argentina: IV Congress Argentino de Paleontologia Biostratigraphica, v. 2, p. 1-6.}"
}

@article{weems1987a30,
    author = "Weems, R",
    title = "A Late Triassic footprint fauna from the Culpepper Basin, Northern Virginia (USA)",
    year = "1987",
    journal = "Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, v. 77, no. 1, p. 1-79",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Weems, R., 1987, A Late Triassic footprint fauna from the Culpepper Basin, Northern Virginia (USA): Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, v. 77, no. 1, p. 1-79.}"
}

The oldest-known dinosaurs (Herrerasaurus, Pisanosaurus) occur within the Ischigualasto Formation. Recent work in the formation has brought to light significant new material, including the complete skeleton of a new primitive dinosaur. We sketch below the paleoenvironment and faunal succession during the range of these early dinosaurs, and review some of the taphonomic factors that shaped their fossil record. The Ischigualasto Formation (Carnian?) is included within the Agua de la Peña Group, a series of continental Triassic deposits exposed in the Ischigualasto-Ville Union Basin of northwest Argentina. Ischigualasto sediments rest unconformably upon the carbonaceous fluvial/lacustrine Los Rastros Formation; this contact is characterized locally by marked angular discordance. The upper contact is gradational into red-beds of the Los Colorados Formation. Medium- to coarse-grained conglomeratic sandstones, siltstones, and silty mudstones dominate the section. Sand bodies are characterized by medium- to large-scale trough cross-stratification and broad lenticular/narrow sheet geometries, and are interpreted as deposits of shallow, low-sinuosity streams. Siltstones and mudstones show pervasive evidence of soil development, including root traces, nodular caliche horizons, and pedogenic slickensides. Deposits attributable to lacustrine/paludal sedimentation are scarce, and freshwater vertebrates and invertebrates are extremely rare. These data suggest an upland depositional setting on a low-relief alluvial plain with seasonal climate. The Ischigualasto vertebrate fauna includes archosaurs, rhynchosaurs, traversodontid and carnivorous cynodonts, and temnospondyl amphibians. Rhynchosaurs dominate (relative specimen abundance) in the lower half of the section, but are absent from the upper half. Traversodontid cynodonts occur throughout the formation, but are much more abundant up-section. Archosaurs, carnivorous cynodonts, and particularly temnospondyls are rare throughout, with dinosaurs limited to the lower half. No major stratigraphic or sedimentologic changes occur up-section, and there is no evidence for significant shifts in physical or chemical taphonomic processes. Thus, trends in relative taxon abundance likely record a true biotic signal (e.g., local extinction, immigration) rather than a taphonomically-driven preservational bias. Fossils are preserved as isolated carcasses or disarticulated elements, most often in fine-grained overbank facies. Bone beds and microsites are conspicuously absent. Temnospondyl remains were found within a local carbonaceous lens developed upon a sand body, suggesting autochthonous burial in an abandoned-channel setting. Isolated skulls, particularly those of the traversodontid Exaeretodon, are extremely common. Fifteen isolated crania of this cynodont were mapped in a single stratum with limited areal exposure. Abundant preservation of isolated therapsid crania has also been reported in the Beaufort Series (Permo-Triassic) of the Karoo Basin, South Africa (Smith, 1980). Post-disarticulation hydrodynamic sorting (enhanced by scavenging?) of an areally dispersed mass-mortality assemblage may explain this unusual occurrence.

@article{rogers1992paleoenvironment,
    author = "Rogers, Raymond R. and Forster, Catherine A. and May, Cathleen L. and Monetta, Alfredo and Sereno, Paul C.",
    title = "Paleoenvironment and taphonomy of the dinosaur-bearing Ischigualasto Formation (Upper Triassic, Argentina)",
    year = "1992",
    journal = "The Paleontological Society Special Publications",
    abstract = "The oldest-known dinosaurs (Herrerasaurus, Pisanosaurus) occur within the Ischigualasto Formation. Recent work in the formation has brought to light significant new material, including the complete skeleton of a new primitive dinosaur. We sketch below the paleoenvironment and faunal succession during the range of these early dinosaurs, and review some of the taphonomic factors that shaped their fossil record. The Ischigualasto Formation (Carnian?) is included within the Agua de la Peña Group, a series of continental Triassic deposits exposed in the Ischigualasto-Ville Union Basin of northwest Argentina. Ischigualasto sediments rest unconformably upon the carbonaceous fluvial/lacustrine Los Rastros Formation; this contact is characterized locally by marked angular discordance. The upper contact is gradational into red-beds of the Los Colorados Formation. Medium- to coarse-grained conglomeratic sandstones, siltstones, and silty mudstones dominate the section. Sand bodies are characterized by medium- to large-scale trough cross-stratification and broad lenticular/narrow sheet geometries, and are interpreted as deposits of shallow, low-sinuosity streams. Siltstones and mudstones show pervasive evidence of soil development, including root traces, nodular caliche horizons, and pedogenic slickensides. Deposits attributable to lacustrine/paludal sedimentation are scarce, and freshwater vertebrates and invertebrates are extremely rare. These data suggest an upland depositional setting on a low-relief alluvial plain with seasonal climate. The Ischigualasto vertebrate fauna includes archosaurs, rhynchosaurs, traversodontid and carnivorous cynodonts, and temnospondyl amphibians. Rhynchosaurs dominate (relative specimen abundance) in the lower half of the section, but are absent from the upper half. Traversodontid cynodonts occur throughout the formation, but are much more abundant up-section. Archosaurs, carnivorous cynodonts, and particularly temnospondyls are rare throughout, with dinosaurs limited to the lower half. No major stratigraphic or sedimentologic changes occur up-section, and there is no evidence for significant shifts in physical or chemical taphonomic processes. Thus, trends in relative taxon abundance likely record a true biotic signal (e.g., local extinction, immigration) rather than a taphonomically-driven preservational bias. Fossils are preserved as isolated carcasses or disarticulated elements, most often in fine-grained overbank facies. Bone beds and microsites are conspicuously absent. Temnospondyl remains were found within a local carbonaceous lens developed upon a sand body, suggesting autochthonous burial in an abandoned-channel setting. Isolated skulls, particularly those of the traversodontid Exaeretodon, are extremely common. Fifteen isolated crania of this cynodont were mapped in a single stratum with limited areal exposure. Abundant preservation of isolated therapsid crania has also been reported in the Beaufort Series (Permo-Triassic) of the Karoo Basin, South Africa (Smith, 1980). Post-disarticulation hydrodynamic sorting (enhanced by scavenging?) of an areally dispersed mass-mortality assemblage may explain this unusual occurrence.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008091",
    doi = "10.1017/s2475262200008091",
    pages = "249-249",
    volume = "6"
}

@article{benton1993late,
    author = "Benton, Michael J.",
    title = "Late Triassic Extinctions and the Origin of the Dinosaurs",
    year = "1993",
    journal = "Science",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.260.5109.769",
    doi = "10.1126/science.260.5109.769",
    number = "5109",
    pages = "769-770",
    volume = "260"
}

In their article “What Every High School Graduate Should Know about Statistics,” Scheaffer, Watkins, and Landwehr (1998) contend that one cannot understand statistics without understanding probability. As a consequence, the authors outline several recommendations regarding teaching probability in the secondary school.

@article{teppo2001dinosaurs,
    author = "Teppo, Anne R. and Hodgson, Ted",
    title = "Dinosaurs, Dinosaur Eggs, and Probability",
    year = "2001",
    journal = "The Mathematics Teacher",
    abstract = "In their article “What Every High School Graduate Should Know about Statistics,” Scheaffer, Watkins, and Landwehr (1998) contend that one cannot understand statistics without understanding probability. As a consequence, the authors outline several recommendations regarding teaching probability in the secondary school.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.5951/mt.94.2.0086",
    doi = "10.5951/mt.94.2.0086",
    number = "2",
    pages = "86-92",
    volume = "94"
}

@article{godefroit2003late,
    author = "Godefroit, Pascal and Knoll, Fabien",
    title = "Late Triassic dinosaur teeth from southern Belgium",
    year = "2003",
    journal = "Comptes Rendus Palevol",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1631-0683(03)00006-x",
    doi = "10.1016/s1631-0683(03)00006-x",
    number = "1",
    pages = "3-11",
    volume = "2"
}

In the early 1990s some isolated finds of strange bird-like dinosaurs from Argentina and Mongolia threw a spanner in the works of determining bird origins. The discovery of partial skeletons of Alvarezsaurus from Argentina and Mononykus from Mongolia revealed that the boundary between bipedal running dinosaurs and flightless birds was totally blurred. Then the discovery of more complete remains of a similar beast, Shuvuuia from Mongolia, revealed the true nature of these strange beasts. They had long legs, curved, delicate necks, small, gracile heads with tiny teeth, and short, powerful arms each with one very large claw and two remnant smaller claws.

@incollection{crossref2008bird,
    title = "Bird Dinosaurs And Dinosaur Birds",
    year = "2008",
    booktitle = "Feathered Dinosaurs",
    abstract = "In the early 1990s some isolated finds of strange bird-like dinosaurs from Argentina and Mongolia threw a spanner in the works of determining bird origins. The discovery of partial skeletons of Alvarezsaurus from Argentina and Mononykus from Mongolia revealed that the boundary between bipedal running dinosaurs and flightless birds was totally blurred. Then the discovery of more complete remains of a similar beast, Shuvuuia from Mongolia, revealed the true nature of these strange beasts. They had long legs, curved, delicate necks, small, gracile heads with tiny teeth, and short, powerful arms each with one very large claw and two remnant smaller claws.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195372663.003.0009",
    doi = "10.1093/oso/9780195372663.003.0009",
    pages = "25-28"
}

@article{ezcurra2010a,
    author = "Ezcurra, Martin D.",
    title = "A new early dinosaur (Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha) from the Late Triassic of Argentina: a reassessment of dinosaur origin and phylogeny",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "Journal of Systematic Palaeontology",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2010.484650",
    doi = "10.1080/14772019.2010.484650",
    number = "3",
    pages = "371-425",
    volume = "8"
}

Significance Uncertainties in reported 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates from the Ischigualasto Formation of Argentina allow its dinosaur-bearing fauna to be Norian in age and possibly contemporaneous with some of the older U-Pb dated dinosaur-bearing units in the Chinle Formation of the American Southwest. Our magnetochronology of the previously undated Los Colorados Formation, which also contains a diverse dinosaur assemblage, constrains its age to the interval from 227 to 213 Ma (Norian) and thereby largely restricts the underlying Ischigualasto Formation to the Carnian. Rise of early dinosaurs was thus diachronous across the Americas with their dispersal from the austral temperate belt blocked until later in the Norian. The breakout may have resulted from critically lowered climatic barriers associated with decreasing atmospheric p CO 2 levels.

@article{kent2014age,
    author = "Kent, Dennis V. and Santi Malnis, Paula and Colombi, Carina E. and Alcober, Oscar A. and Martínez, Ricardo N.",
    title = "Age constraints on the dispersal of dinosaurs in the Late Triassic from magnetochronology of the Los Colorados Formation (Argentina)",
    year = "2014",
    journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
    abstract = "Significance Uncertainties in reported 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates from the Ischigualasto Formation of Argentina allow its dinosaur-bearing fauna to be Norian in age and possibly contemporaneous with some of the older U-Pb dated dinosaur-bearing units in the Chinle Formation of the American Southwest. Our magnetochronology of the previously undated Los Colorados Formation, which also contains a diverse dinosaur assemblage, constrains its age to the interval from 227 to 213 Ma (Norian) and thereby largely restricts the underlying Ischigualasto Formation to the Carnian. Rise of early dinosaurs was thus diachronous across the Americas with their dispersal from the austral temperate belt blocked until later in the Norian. The breakout may have resulted from critically lowered climatic barriers associated with decreasing atmospheric p CO 2 levels.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1402369111",
    doi = "10.1073/pnas.1402369111",
    number = "22",
    pages = "7958-7963",
    volume = "111"
}

@article{pol2021triassic,
    author = "Pol, Diego and Otero, Alejandro and Apaldetti, Cecilia and Martínez, Ricardo N.",
    title = "Triassic sauropodomorph dinosaurs from South America: The origin and diversification of dinosaur dominated herbivorous faunas",
    year = "2021",
    journal = "Journal of South American Earth Sciences",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103145",
    doi = "10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103145",
    pages = "103145",
    volume = "107"
}

Evidence of Late Triassic large tetrapods from the UK is rare. Here, we describe a track-bearing surface located on the shoreline near Penarth, south Wales, United Kingdom. The total exposed surface is c. 50 m long and c. 2 m wide, and is split into northern and southern sections by a small fault. We interpret these impressions as tracks, rather than abiogenic sedimentary structures, because of the possession of marked displacement rims and their relationship to each other with regularly spaced impressions forming putative trackways. The impressions are large (up to c. 50 cm in length), but poorly preserved, and retain little information about track-maker anatomy. We discuss alternative, plausible, abiotic mechanisms that might have been responsible for the formation of these features, but reject them in favour of these impressions being tetrapod tracks. We propose that the site is an additional occurrence of the ichnotaxon Eosauropus, representing a sauropodomorph trackmaker, thereby adding a useful new datum to their sparse Late Triassic record in the UK. We also used historical photogrammetry to digitally map the extent of site erosion during 2009–2020. More than 1 m of the surface exposure has been lost over this 11-year period, and the few tracks present in both models show significant smoothing, breakage and loss of detail. These tracks are an important datapoint for Late Triassic palaeontology in the UK, even if they cannot be confidently assigned to a specific trackmaker. The documented loss of the bedding surface highlights the transient and vulnerable nature of our fossil resources, particularly in coastal settings, and the need to gather data as quickly and effectively as possible.

@article{falkingham2022late,
    author = "Falkingham, Peter L. and Maidment, Susannah C. R. and Lallensack, Jens N. and Martin, Jeremy E. and Suan, Guillaume and Cherns, Lesley and Howells, Cindy and Barrett, Paul M.",
    title = "Late Triassic dinosaur tracks from Penarth, south Wales",
    year = "2022",
    journal = "Geological Magazine",
    abstract = "Evidence of Late Triassic large tetrapods from the UK is rare. Here, we describe a track-bearing surface located on the shoreline near Penarth, south Wales, United Kingdom. The total exposed surface is c. 50 m long and c. 2 m wide, and is split into northern and southern sections by a small fault. We interpret these impressions as tracks, rather than abiogenic sedimentary structures, because of the possession of marked displacement rims and their relationship to each other with regularly spaced impressions forming putative trackways. The impressions are large (up to c. 50 cm in length), but poorly preserved, and retain little information about track-maker anatomy. We discuss alternative, plausible, abiotic mechanisms that might have been responsible for the formation of these features, but reject them in favour of these impressions being tetrapod tracks. We propose that the site is an additional occurrence of the ichnotaxon Eosauropus, representing a sauropodomorph trackmaker, thereby adding a useful new datum to their sparse Late Triassic record in the UK. We also used historical photogrammetry to digitally map the extent of site erosion during 2009–2020. More than 1 m of the surface exposure has been lost over this 11-year period, and the few tracks present in both models show significant smoothing, breakage and loss of detail. These tracks are an important datapoint for Late Triassic palaeontology in the UK, even if they cannot be confidently assigned to a specific trackmaker. The documented loss of the bedding surface highlights the transient and vulnerable nature of our fossil resources, particularly in coastal settings, and the need to gather data as quickly and effectively as possible.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756821001308",
    doi = "10.1017/s0016756821001308",
    number = "6",
    pages = "821-832",
    volume = "159"
}