Zelluläre Evolution

@article{kimbrough1966malignant,
    author = "Kimbrough, JanetC.",
    title = "MALIGNANT CELLULAR EVOLUTION",
    year = "1966",
    journal = "The Lancet",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(66)92518-9",
    doi = "10.1016/s0140-6736(66)92518-9",
    number = "7456",
    pages = "229",
    volume = "288"
}

@article{crossref1973bioorganic,
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "1973",
    journal = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-2068(73)90039-4",
    doi = "10.1016/0045-2068(73)90039-4",
    number = "4",
    openalex = "W4234407425",
    pages = "375-377",
    volume = "2"
}

@book{fox1977bioorganic1,
    author = "Fox, S. W",
    title = "Bioorganic chemistry and the emergence of the first cell, in van Tamelan, E. E., ed., Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "1977",
    publisher = "New York, Academic Press, v. III, p. 21-32",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Fox, S. W., 1977, Bioorganic chemistry and the emergence of the first cell, in van Tamelan, E. E., ed., Bioorganic Chemistry: New York, Academic Press, v. III, p. 21-32.}"
}

@book{dugas1981bioorganic,
    author = "Dugas, Hermann and Penney, Christopher",
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "1981",
    booktitle = "Springer Advanced Texts in Chemistry",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0095-3",
    doi = "10.1007/978-1-4684-0095-3",
    openalex = "W4253621606"
}

@misc{margulis1981symbiosis2,
    author = "Margulis, L",
    title = "Symbiosis in Cell Evolution",
    year = "1981",
    howpublished = "San Francisco, W. H. Freeman",
    note = "talkorigins\_source = {true}; raw\_reference = {Margulis, L., 1981, Symbiosis in Cell Evolution: San Francisco, W. H. Freeman.}"
}

@book{dugas1989bioorganic,
    author = "Dugas, Hermann",
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "1989",
    booktitle = "Springer Advanced Texts in Chemistry",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0324-4",
    doi = "10.1007/978-1-4684-0324-4",
    openalex = "W4242804966"
}

@book{crossref1991bioorganic,
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry Frontiers",
    year = "1991",
    booktitle = "Bioorganic Chemistry Frontiers",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76241-3",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-642-76241-3",
    openalex = "W575504194"
}

@article{drolet1996the,
    author = "Drolet, Jocelyn and Abdulnour, Georges and Rheault, Martin",
    title = "The cellular manufacturing evolution",
    year = "1996",
    journal = "Computers \& Industrial Engineering",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-8352(96)00097-6",
    doi = "10.1016/0360-8352(96)00097-6",
    number = "1-2",
    pages = "139-142",
    volume = "31"
}

@book{dugas1996bioorganic,
    author = "Dugas, Hermann",
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "1996",
    booktitle = "Springer Advanced Texts in Chemistry",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2426-6",
    doi = "10.1007/978-1-4612-2426-6",
    openalex = "W4206774564"
}

Zusammenfassung: Die Hämostase in primitiven Organismen basiert auf einfachen Mechanismen zur Wundheilung. Während der Evolution entwickelte sich die Hämostase parallel zum Ansteigen der metabolischen Aktivität, zu komplexeren Kreislaufsystemen und zunehmender Größe der Organismen. Thrombozyten werden zuerst bei niederen Wirbeltieren gefunden. Diese Zellen sind jedoch kernhaltig und gehen direkt aus hämatopoetischen Vorläuferzellen hervor, ohne ein dazwischengeschaltetes Megakaryozytensystem. Megakaryozyten sind eine evolutionäre Innovation bei Säugetieren und Menschen. Ihr einzigartiges System aus Proliferation und Differenzierung bildete die Grundlage für eine enorme Zunahme in der Produktion der hämostatisch aktiven Elemente, der Blutplättchen. Im Gegensatz zu den kernhaltigen Thrombozyten besitzen diese Fragmente des Megakaryozytenzytoplasmas verbesserte hämostatische Funktionen und weisen günstige rheologische Eigenschaften auf, die die Interaktion mit der Gefäßwand erleichtern. Das Megakaryozytensystem ist für eine Vielzahl von Regulationsfaktoren anfällig, insbesondere Thrombopoetin und andere hämatopoetische und entzündungsfördernde Zytokine. Auf der einen Seite ermöglicht dies dem Stammzell-Megakaryozyt-Blutplättchen-System, seine Blutplättchenproduktion an den erhöhten hämostatischen Bedarf anzupassen. Auf der anderen Seite kann eine akute oder chronische Überstimulation der Megakaryopoese durch Infektion, Entzündung oder bösartige Erkrankung schwere thromboembolische oder thrombohämorrhagische Komplikationen verursachen. Da diese Probleme sich in der Regel relativ spät im Leben äußern, nämlich nach dem reproduktiven Alter, konnten sie während der Evolution nicht beseitigt werden.

@article{gattermann1996evolution,
    author = "Gattermann, N. and Schneider, W.",
    title = "Evolution of Cellular Haemostasis",
    year = "1996",
    journal = "Hämostaseologie",
    abstract = "Summary Haemostasis in primitive organisms relies on simple mechanisms of wound re-pair. During evolution, haemostasis developed in parallel with rising metabolic activity, more complex circulatory systems, and increasing size of organisms. Thrombocytes are first found in lower vertebrates. However, these cells are nucleated and derive directly from haematopoietic progenitor cells, without an interposed megakaryocyte system. Megakaryocytes are an evolutionary innovation in mammalians and human beings. Their unique system of proliferation and differentiation provided the basis for an enormous increase in the production of the haemostatically active elements, the platelets. In contrast to nucleated thrombocytes, these fragments of megakaryocyte cytoplasm have improved haemostatic functions and show favourable rheologic features that facilitate their interaction with the vessel wall. The megakaryocyte system is susceptible to a variety of regulatory factors, in particular thrombopoietin and other haematopoietic and inflammatory cytokines. On the one hand, this enables the stem cell -megakaryocyte - platelet system to adapt its platelet production to increased haemostatic demand. On the other hand, acute or chronic overstimulation of megakaryocytopoiesis by infection, inflammation or malignant disease, can cause severe thromboembolic or thrombohaemorrhagic complications. Because these problems usually manifest themselves relatively late in life, namely after reproductive ages, they could not be eliminated during evolution.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1656644",
    doi = "10.1055/s-0038-1656644",
    number = "02",
    pages = "88-96",
    volume = "16"
}

@book{crossref1997bioorganic,
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "1997",
    booktitle = "Topics in Current Chemistry",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61388-9",
    doi = "10.1007/3-540-61388-9",
    openalex = "W1584139208"
}

Das Verhalten kurzlebiger Radikale, Radikalkationen und Biradikale in biologischen und chemischen Systemen wurde untersucht. Es stellte sich heraus, dass diese hochreaktiven Zwischenprodukte selektiv reagieren. Die Regeln, die wir gefunden haben, werden auf biologische (Enzymreaktionen), chemische (Totalsynthese von Naturstoffen; Faltung von Peptiden) und physikalische (DNA-Chips) Aspekte der Lebenswissenschaften angewendet.

@article{giese1999bioorganic,
    author = "Giese, Bernd",
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "1999",
    journal = "CHIMIA",
    abstract = "The behavior of short-lived radicals, radical ions, and biradicals in biological and chemical systems has been studied. It turned out that these highly reactive intermediates react selectively. The rules that we have found are applied to biological (enzyme reactions), chemical (total synthesis of natural products; peptide folding), and physical (DNA chips) aspects of life sciences.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.1999.198",
    doi = "10.2533/chimia.1999.198",
    number = "5",
    openalex = "W4410745265",
    pages = "198",
    volume = "53",
    references = "doi101524zpch1998203part12264"
}

@article{doi101016jppees200604001,
    author = "Stat, Michael and Carter, Dee and Hoegh‐Guldberg, Ove",
    title = "The evolutionary history of Symbiodinium and scleractinian hosts—Symbiosis, diversity, and the effect of climate change",
    year = "2006",
    journal = "Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2006.04.001",
    doi = "10.1016/j.ppees.2006.04.001",
    openalex = "W2034183064",
    references = "doi101007s0022700414272, doi101007s002270100674, doi101007s003380050222"
}

@misc{friedman2006bioorganic,
    author = "Friedman, Simon H.",
    title = "Bioorganic Chemistry",
    year = "2006",
    booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600906.mcb.200300008",
    doi = "10.1002/3527600906.mcb.200300008",
    openalex = "W4235252598",
    references = "doi101021bi00002a033, doi101021cr960149m, doi10103835030148, doi101126science1059820, doi101126science1060077, doi101126science1063522, doi101126science2649980, doi101126science28754602007, doi101146annurevbiochem681611, openalexw1482701468"
}

@misc{crossref2009cellular,
    title = "Cellular Evolution",
    year = "2009",
    booktitle = "IP for 4G",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470986363.ch4",
    doi = "10.1002/9780470986363.ch4",
    pages = "115-160"
}

@article{lee2010symbiosis,
    author = "Lee, John J. and Cervasco, Megan H. and Morales, Jorge and Billik, Morgan and Fine, Maoz and Levy, Oren",
    title = "Symbiosis drove cellular evolution",
    year = "2010",
    journal = "Symbiosis",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-010-0056-4",
    doi = "10.1007/s13199-010-0056-4",
    number = "1",
    openalex = "W1570262607",
    pages = "13-25",
    volume = "51",
    references = "doi101007s0022700414272, doi101007s002270100674, doi101016jympev200504028, doi101017s0094837300011507, doi101073pnas892110302, doi101111j15507408200500053x, doi101111j155856461949tb00010x, doi101146annurevecolsys34011802132417, doi1015159783110848281, openalexw2076004673"
}

@incollection{barbieri2019theories,
    author = "Barbieri, Marcello",
    title = "Theories of Cellular Evolution",
    year = "2019",
    booktitle = "The Semantic Theory of Evolution",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429290039-7",
    doi = "10.1201/9780429290039-7",
    pages = "93-109"
}

Als einzellige Räuber treten Ciliaten in enger Assoziation mit vielfältigen Mikroorganismen auf, wodurch die Grundlage für die Etablierung der Endosymbiose gelegt wird. Ursprünglich heterotroph demonstrieren Ciliaten die Fähigkeit, Phototrophie durch Phagozytose einzelner Algenzellen oder durch Einfangen algaler Plastiden zu erwerben. Diese Anpassung ermöglicht es ihnen, Photosyntheseprodukte zu gewinnen und eine Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber ungünstigen Umweltbedingungen zu entwickeln. Die Integration der erworbenen Phototrophie mit der intrinsischen Phagotrophie führt zu einer trophischen Strategie, die als Mixotrophie bekannt ist. Darüber hinaus können Ciliaten Tausende von Bakterien in verschiedenen intrazellulären Regionen, einschließlich Zytoplasma und Zellkern, beherbergen und zeigen dabei Artnesspezifität. Unter langanhaltendem und spezifischem Selektionsdruck innerhalb von Wirtsorganismen entwickeln bakterielle Endosymbionten einzigartige Lebensweisen und durchlaufen charakteristische Reduktionen metabolischer Aktivitäten. Die Untersuchung des Forschungsfortschritts in verschiedenen Endosymbiose-Fällen innerhalb von Ciliaten wird dazu beitragen, Muster in zellulären Interaktionen aufzuklären und die evolutionären Ursprünge komplexer Merkmale zu entschlüsseln.

@article{doi101093ismejowrae117,
    author = "Qi, Song and Zhao, Fangqing and Hou, Lina and Miao, Miao",
    title = "Cellular interactions and evolutionary origins of endosymbiotic relationships with ciliates",
    year = "2024",
    journal = "The ISME Journal",
    abstract = "As unicellular predators, ciliates engage in close associations with diverse microbes, laying the foundation for the establishment of endosymbiosis. Originally heterotrophic, ciliates demonstrate the ability to acquire phototrophy by phagocytizing unicellular algae or by sequestering algal plastids. This adaptation enables them to gain photosynthate and develop resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions. The integration of acquired phototrophy with intrinsic phagotrophy results in a trophic mode known as mixotrophy. Additionally, ciliates can harbor thousands of bacteria in various intracellular regions, including the cytoplasm and nucleus, exhibiting species specificity. Under prolonged and specific selective pressure within hosts, bacterial endosymbionts evolve unique lifestyles and undergo particular reductions in metabolic activities. Investigating the research advancements in various endosymbiotic cases within ciliates will contribute to elucidate patterns in cellular interaction and unravel the evolutionary origins of complex traits.",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrae117",
    doi = "10.1093/ismejo/wrae117",
    openalex = "W4400004846",
    references = "doi101126sciadvadi3401"
}

@incollection{cooperNoneevolution,
    author = "Cooper, E. L.",
    title = "Evolution of Cellular Immunity",
    year = "None",
    booktitle = "Non-Specific Factors Influencing Host Resistance",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1159/000427980",
    doi = "10.1159/000427980",
    pages = "11-23"
}

@misc{crossrefNonebioorganic,
    title = "Bioorganic chemistry",
    year = "None",
    booktitle = "AccessScience",
    url = "https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.757238",
    doi = "10.1036/1097-8542.757238",
    openalex = "W4233046952"
}